Bromo mlilo e Indonesia: photo kunye nenkcazo

Ezimibala Indonesia kunye nendalo ye kunye izinto ezizodwa kusoloko nomtsalane kubakhenkethi. lizwe ngeyona nomtsalane, equka iziqithi ezingaphezu kwe-13 000 mlilo, iye njengodondolo exotic elide. Apho uya kuvuyiswa izimvo iitempile ezinobungangamsha, ungakhathazeki phezu kwentlabathi segolide, yiya kwi excursions umdla, ukuze uqhelane kunye banenkcubeko eyahluke yabantu bomthonyama. Indonesia - indawo emangalisayo, apho iholide beach kudityaniswe esebenzayo, oko kukuthi kakhulu nok abahambi.

mlilo e Indonesia

Nqabakazi inkulu ehlabathini ise kwindawo lweempazamo ziitectonic plates, kutheni kukho ngoko mlilo ezininzi aleleyo. Ziba umazibuthe onamandla kubo bonke abo baziqhelanisa kubume likarhulumente, ezele imibala eqaqambileyo.

Mlilo enye engundoqo ezinomtsalane Indonesia, kunye excursions esingise athandwa kakhulu. Khangela esihogweni yokwenene, iphupha kwabatyeleli abaninzi abaya uhambo olude.

Ipaki kaZwelonke Java

Enye mlilo idumileyo empumalanga yesihlanu ngobukhulu ehlabathini wesiqithi karhulumente kukutsala iindwendwe ubuhle buhlungu. Eyona nto kakhulu inamandla nezonakalisayo yendalo, nto leyo kuyiviva ngekrele imizi yonke, Mhle ngokobukhulu ekhethekileyo.

Island National Park, Java, Bromo-Tengger-Semeru yi kwisakhiwo mlilo kakhulu batyelela. Yeyiphi eyona yinxalenye massif ntaba, ivuliwe unyaka wonke, kodwa kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba lina (Novemba-Matshi) ngenxa imvula apha ayikwazi kufikelelwe.

iimeko zemozulu bakude paka iholide: lobushushu Umyinge imini awudluli degrees 20 ewela zero ebusuku.

Lo mlilo yaziwa kakhulu Indonesia

Oku kulapho ke edumileyo mlilo Bromo, bebona ukuba abakhenkethi zivela mbombo zone zomhlaba. Iyathandwa ngenxa ukufumaneka kwayo lula yaye umsebenzi rhoqo seismic. Phezulu i-mlilo mazitshatyalaliswe emva kwenyikima elilandelayo, kwaye ngoku kwizimanga zendalo kunye wentaba uhlasela enkulu ububanzi of leemitha 600, ikhangeleka engaqhelekanga kakhulu.

Kunakho phezu ndawo, lo mlilo Bromo, okuphakama laliziimitha 2379, ukhangela emangalisayo ezihamba ekuseni nantambama.

Ngaphezulu kwama-25 amawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, le ndawo yaba stratovolcano etsobhileyo imilo, eliquka kweengqimba mlilo. Emva kwaloo nyikima, yena waphulukana amantloko akhe, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni lokusekwa mlilo isanti (ukudakumba kule ndawo). Ngenxa yoko yokutshatyalaliswa wabonakala mlilo, oko umdla omkhulu kuphela abakhenkethi, kodwa izazinzulu.

babingelele koothixo

Xa unyawo kwamaNdiya live ngxilimbela, abayeka emlonyeni we-mlilo ezingcwele ukutya, izityalo okanye izilwanyana ukungxengxeza oothixo. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, Mount Bromo, engqongwe amavo, indawo apho amasiko ezahlukeneyo zenziwa. Umzekelo, eyenzelwe liyathandeka kwizimanga zendalo Yadnya Kasada umthendeleko ithatha malunga ngenyanga, apho wenza ukuzisa izipho umbingelelo kwaye bethandaza koothixo Hindu, ecela intsikelelo.

Lo mkhosi uya emva kwinkulungwane XV kwi kwimpuma kwisiqithi Java. Bromo mlilo ebesoloko seismically yingozi kwaye kuphela imiphefumlo sobukhalipha wehla waya kuloo mngxuma ngexesha umsebenzi wayo.

A Umtsalane ekhethekileyo - intlanganiso ukuphuma kwelanga Bromo

Abakhenkethi sukela kwi siqithi ukuhlangabezana ukuphuma esesiphelweni kuloo mngxuma, apho iqhele Bromo. Yinto emehlweni engakholelekiyo kangangokuba ukhunjulwa ebomini. Bavuka kusasa ngengomso, malunga nentsimbi yesine ekuseni, phezu kwentlabathi, kwakheka ngenxa kwentaba rhoqo, kwaye uqhuba ngeekhilomitha ezili-10, nto leyo abakhenkethi indlela yabo. Umphezulu kufana intlambo kwenyanga, solo inkangeleko yayo engaqhelekanga.

abahambi adinwe simi malunga nesiqingatha imitha-300 leri eliphezulu, elo legqunyiwe ngomaleko omkhulu womhlaba ze uthuthu, ngoko zimiseni eqongeni ukubukela, nto leyo ngokugqibeleleyo mlilo ebonakalayo. Apha uyakwazi ukuthenga Abahlali isipha imifuno eyomileyo maziphoswe kuloo mngxuma lokungxengxeza ngxilimbela.

Phakathi kwintlambo ngongazaliyo sandy ebumnyameni ukubona kucacile emaweni efana ingxilimbela enkulu. Xa yinkungu dissipated, phambi kwamehlo weendwendwe livela kuzo zonke uzuko mlilo ayo amagorha Bromo e Indonesia, kwamaxandeka apho, ndayihluthwa Njengotyani obuluhlaza, wayenza ingqoshomba mlilo nothuthu zifana nenkangeleko yokuba zingenangcambu zoma kwaphela entlango.

Ukuzalwa usuku olutsha

reyi novalo kwelanga, benza indlela yabo ngokusebenzisa uluhlu entabeni, ukunyusa umdlalo wokukhanya nasethunzini, kwaye kuphela lekhamera sitsala utshintsho umdla uthatha indawo ezibayeni zempahla kwithambeka mlilo. Yonke into yenzeka ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba iliso abantu abakwazi ukulandela intshukumo umbane kwelanga.

Ukukhanya nezikhukhula ntili yonke, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "kulwandle intlabathi", kungasali ithuba ebumnyameni ebusuku. ngemini yokuzalwa, sijike leentaba namathafa ngezandi zegolide. Eqongeni mazwi yinto angeke ayilibale ujonga go elinye kunye neembono mesmerizing ethereal ubuhle obubalaseleyo bendalo. A landscape ejongeka ngakumbi njenge wekhusi kwi fantastic umboniso, eshiya andinakuyilibala.

Ngokwakhe wentaba enkulu lula ukufumana kujikelezo kwimizuzu amahlanu, kunye ngeenyawo ecaleni ngohlangothi intaba eliphilileyo entsonkothe ngayo. Noko ke, asingabo bonke imiphefumlo nesibindi nobuganga ukuba adventure onjalo kwaye ubukho encinane kumgangatho akubona, nokufotwa ubume ezizodwa. Njengoko awaziwa yi abakhenkethi, ukuba ndiye nzulu mane eemitha, oko kubonwa ikhefu ngaphandle esuka ofaka iiklabhu ezimhlophe sulphur dioxide.

itempile yamaHindu kunye tenggerov kwilali

Xa unyawo Bromo sele ekulungele esebenzayo Hindu itempile Pura Luhur Poten Bromo phantsi izulu livulekile, yaye ekuseni, unako kukhangela. Ngamanye amaxesha ke kuzaliswa nothuthu, kwaye bagubhe bendawo, abo bakholelwa ukuba ngwenya eyingozi umnyango ukuya kwelabafileyo.

Xa ngohlangothi mlilo dolophana Chemoro Lawang - yindawo ethandwa kakhulu phakathi abahambi abeza ukonwabela uhlobo Java. Tenggery abahlala apha, abasigcinayo indlela yamaHindu yobomi unanamhla, banqula isithixo ucele mlilo Bromo kwi abahlali ukuba ukuthumela udaka lomlilo.

Ukususela elalini iqala uhlola izinto, ngoko amaxabiso izindlu apha phezulu ngokungaqhelekanga. Abakhenkethi apha isixelela ukuba iindleko kwigumbi elinye ehotele kube ngaphezu kwe-100 lamawaka rupees (malunga-10 zeerandi). Kodwa ngenxa yokuba indawo kwilali yimpumelelo kakhulu - esesiphelweni engxondorheni, nto leyo inika imboniselo enkulu mlilo - kukungabi abakhenkethi akukho mntu ubunzima.

Bromo mlilo: ukuba indlela apho?

Kweso sixeko Probolingo (Probolinggo) likwaqhuba iteksi, nto leyo ethatha kwindawo ekunene - elalini Cemoro Lawang, ibekwe umgama ukuhamba iyure ukuya mlilo. Transport uyaqhubeka uhambo ukusuka kwisikhululo ibhasi ecaleni isikhululo sebhasi, yaye yokukhwela yi 35-45 amawaka rupees. Drive ecaleni kwendlela yeNyoka kuthatha iiyure ezimbini.

Ukuze aye kufika e Probolingo unokuthabatha ibhasi okanye e Denpasar Yogyakarta (iiyure ezili-11), Malang (iiyure 2.5). Onqwenela ukuya kuloliwe aya kuyinyula loqalo lwencopho isixeko yesibini ngobukhulu Indonesia - Surabaya.

Ukuba abakhenkethi hamba uye mlilo e Bali, indlela yabo udlula kwi Gilimanuk izibuko, ibekwe ngasentshonalanga siqithi. Phenyane, leyo uya Java, uya kuhlala phezu endleleni malunga kangangeyure, kwaye ukusuka sokugcina - Ketapang - kufuneka ukuba liwuqhube iiyure ezintandathu ibhasi eya kwidolophana Lawang Chemoro.

Iindawo ezinika umdla Tips

Visit Mount Bromo kunokuba kwixesha elomileyo lonyaka, oqala ngoMeyi iphela ngoSeptemba.

Abo bafuna ukubona ukuphuma kwelanga lo mlilo, kufuneka uthathe unonophelo abangenazimpahla zifudumeleyo, ngokuba iqonga ukubukela, inomoya, kubanda kakhulu. imaski olugunyazisiweyo kwaye zobuso kuya kusikhusela nxamnye uthuthu equka zonke iindlela zokuhamba. Abaninzi uthenge respirators. Ukongeza, kufuneka ityala eyodwa ilens kwi camera, ngoko ukuthatha unonophelo kuso kwangethuba.

imifanekiso Ezimnandi zifunyenwe yaye kubusuku obuzolileyo, xa ubona ngokucacileyo njengeenkwenkwezi abengezelayo ye iMilky Way ngaphezu mlilo Bromo. Ukususela ubuhle an amazing mbono ibetha intliziyo, kunye nentaphane ebengezelayo izibane ngokuchasene esibhakabhakeni esimnyama elide iya kuhlala kwimemori. Kubonakala ukuba iinkwenkwezi yeSinayi ngesandla.

Senyuka ezinyukweni imixawuka unako ukuqesha ihashe, kodwa bambalwa amashumi yokugqibela kweemitha ukuya umngxuma kuya kufuneka uye ngokwakho. Akukho mfuneko ukushiya inkonzo yesikhokelo, ngubani owaziyo ukuba uhlobo lwendawo kuyimfuneko ukufumana ngeenxa zonke, kuba zonke isiqingatha nekhupha umtsalane zendalo kuphela uthuthu, kodwa amatye. iphulo Independent enxulumene kunye neqondo lomngcipheko.

Ukuya mlilo kufuneka ukuba uhlawule le ntlawulo yesizwe inkonzo epakini (imvume) - 220 amawaka rupees. kuphuma Price kuxhomekeka kwixesha lonyaka kwakunye ngeempelaveki.

dubulo Strong kulo nyaka

izazinzulu ezininzi benza iingxaki ngezimanga zendalo, kuquka umhambi-Umphandi Oleg Kovtun. Bromo, Semeru mlilo Ijen kunye bekusoloko kukho inkxalabo abahlali balapha, ningoyiki ukuba ukuphulaphula komhlaba. Wezazi abasebenza Indonesia, walumkisa ngengozi ehlotyeni nasekwindla waqalisa mlilo strong elikhulu inzima Bromo - i-mlilo kakhulu yingozi iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 zibonisa umsebenzi rhoqo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abemi kwiilali asebumelwaneni zilungiselwe ngobungxamo, kwaye nabakhenkethi Akuvunyelwe ukusondela umngxuma iikhilomitha ngaphantsi ezimbini kude. A umhlathi omkhulu ash eliphakamayo ngaphezu mlilo omhle kwaye ngexesha elinye intlekisa ezoyikisayo. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwesi pylil silo kwaye hooted, scaring labemi zomthonyama. Ngomoya dymivshiysya mlilo Bromo, iifoto namhlanje kukududuzela ogama real makongamele uqhuma yaye yaba elibi.

Blue izibane Idzhena

E Java, kukho zinde umlilo-ukuphefumla abaninzi, ogama ubuhle enchants abakhenkethi. mlilo Onamandla Bromo kunye Ijen kudala ukususela kuba ngokwenene eli lizwe, uze ubone ukuba beze bamanye amazwe abaye wayevile ezinomtsalane zasekuhlaleni.

Iindawo ezinika umdla Ijen mlilo, awamnika igama layo i-National Park, zithandwa kakhulu. Uyakwazi ukujonga ngaphakathi kwaye ubone eziqhumayo omkhulu ezaliswe sulphuric acid echibini eshushu. Couples izinto eziyingozi ayivumelekanga ukuba ibe apha ixesha elide. Maxa wambi isalfure avuse, kwaye ke kukho ezintle izibane eziluhlaza, ezo zezona intlekisa kakhulu umxhelo.

Njengokuba mhlawumbi sele waqonda, ukuza Java - oku kuthetha eshiya kwinkumbulo yayo uphawu abayibo- yelo ukuba iziganeko ezimangalisayo zendalo.