Bear Island (Norway): inkcazelo, photo

Bear Island - yinxalenye ubungakanani encinane yomhlaba kuLwandle Barents. Kwakhona erhangqwe eLwandle Norwegian. Yeyona osemazantsi Spitsbergen. Kuye indawo ka-180 macala onke. km. Indawo ekuso eNorway.

hydronym

Igama siqithi ibingelilo ingozi. De 1596, i baseYurophu akazange aye nzulu Arctic, amabhere ngoko ezingabonwayo. uhambo Dutch, eza elunxwemeni indawo mhlaba engaziwayo kuLwandle Barents, wabona elunxwemeni irhamncwa ezintle emikhulu, ndandizama ukuba ukhuphuke kwibhodi. Kuyinto imbeko esi silwanyana kunye siqithi got igama layo - Bear.

Nini yaye ngubani wavula Island Bear?

Discoverers yesiqithi unguye Dutch W. Barents noYakobi van Heemskerk. Umhla esemthethweni yokuvulwa kwale isiqwenga somhlaba ithathwa ngokuba Juni 10, 1596 Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le ndawo zange abantu kwaye ngenkankulu abakhankanywe kwiingxelo abalobi. Emva kokuba kuvulwe i-Dutch ahlala apha kwaye iqashiso yokupaka iminyaka emininzi kuphuhliswa whaling.

Ekupheleni kwale XIX ngenkulungwane Norway ngokusekelwe kwamaxwebhu asemthethweni zifakiwe kumafa kwalo Svalbard. Bear Island (Sea Barents), njengenxalenye kuyo, kakhulu, baqala kwakucingwa ukuba uBukumkani.

Ukususela ngo-2002, le ndawo kwathiwa indawo ekhuselweyo, nayiphi na imisebenzi nokuzingela abavumelekanga kwaye zithathwa ngaphandle kwemvume.

Kwisiqithi (ngokufutshane)

Ngokutsho izazinzulu, esiqithini kwasekwa kwiminyaka million 400 eyadlulayo. Le ukwakweli umda enolwandle ngeenxa zombini; kwi kunxweme olusentshona Sendizihlambile yi-Norwegian, kwaye ukusuka empuma - yoLwandle Barents. Unxweme lungqamane, kukho inala zokupaka nzulu. Kumazantsi kwaye womzantsi-mpuma mphandle siqithi kwenyuka ukwenza liyinkangala eliphantsi. Ingongoma iphezulu - Mount Urd (535 m). Bear Island emaphethelweni esemantla amelweyo amathafa nelezihlambo yhuu apho inani elikhulu yemilambo ezincinane. Kukho ezininzi amachibi kunye nemisinga. Bonke bephela imvelaphi glacial. Ezona njongo imimandla yendalo - ihlathi-eyetundra emathafeni.

sezulu

Bear Island fanele ukuya kummandla imozulu Arctic. Ezi imozulu ntle ukuze yokuhlala isigxina. Kwisiqithi ukufuma ophezulu isalamane, kukho inani elikhulu imvula yonyaka (2000 mm), nto leyo kuwa emhlabeni njengemvula, yimikhwitsho nenkungu. imvula Winter kulelwe, kodwa ngenxa yokuba akukho inshorensi ikhephu esisigxina apha. amaqondo obushushu Umyinge Januwari - -18 ... -15 ° C, ngoJulayi - +10 ° C.

Biota

Enezityalo nezilwanyana wesiqithi ezenziwa Umbala. Yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwezityalo iintlobo - na ubulembu, ulele kunye amatyholo. Izilwanyana zingafunyanwa apha impungutye, itywina elineentshebe, itywina engqongwe. Kodwa amabhere kwaye eqhelekileyo njalo. Yokuba inani elincinane. Emanzini onxweme, imilambo namachibi bafumana ezininzi iintlobo zorhwebo yeentlanzi.

labantu

Bear Island akukho bantu rhoqo. Kuphela ngamaxesha athile i uhambo kuvunyiwe ukuba kukho ixesha elithile. Oku ikakhulu imibutho zokusingqongileyo ukuba benza ekufundeni nemiba yokusingqongileyo, kwakunye nabasebenzi lwezitishi zemozulu.