Avers - it ... obverse kwaye umva - icala ingqekembe

Apha, ibiya kuthetha ukuba kusenokuba nzima kwindawo ingqekembe encinane eqhelekileyo? moya ezimbini apho ulwazi ezahlukeneyo iyaboniswa. One of them - obverse kunye nezinye - ukubuyela emuva. Kodwa nantsi ukwahlula phakathi kwabo amaqela akufuneki elula kangaka.

Coin and "amalungu omzimba" wayo

Coin, apho uthwale epokothweni yakho "kuba ithamsanqa" kusenokungabi lula njengoko kubonakala. Susa kwaye sihlolisise! Numismatists bodwa njengoko 6 iindawo noshowo lwemali. Le wekhaya, ungqameko, Pasific, ungqameko, kwakunye obverse kwaye umva le ngqekembe.

Edge - le nto ngathi ngohlangothi lwemali. Oko zinokuhonjiswa okanye ndiseyimbumba, konke kuxhomekeke ubugcisa ukuzakhela lwemali. Edge unokuba iintlobo ezininzi: exabe, njengonombombiya, okanye bafaniswe umbhalo. Kutheni imfuneko yokugaya? Okokuqala, ukuze udonga lokuzikhusela ingqekembe ngomgunyathi. On eziinkozo kokuba rhoqo isicelo Gurtovaya mazwi.

Ngohlangothi isahlulo waphakamisa kuthiwa ingqekembe, apho erhangqwe kwi ojikeleyo kulo ngeenxa zonke. Kodwa icala - ukuba yinxalenye nkomo ngohlobo kumngcipheko eliphakamileyo lwemali. Ikhusela ingqekembe ukusuka ukuguga kwexesha. Nangona undi kungangabikho. Kodwa kwamanye amazwe, nto unendima ekhethekileyo - ukwazisa iimfama malunga ihlelo.

Intsingiselo 'obverse "yaye" reverse "

Kwaye ngoku makhe siqwalasele iinkalo eziphambili nayiphi ngqekembe - oko obverse kwaye reverse.

lwemali obverse - kukuthi, ngokoqobo, "ejongene ubuso", "phambi". Lisuka kwigama lesiLatini «adversus».

Avers - igama Minti ukuba phambi imali ezinkozo, leyo (idla) isicelo Umfuziselo wesizwe okanye umzobo kumkani okanye irhuluneli karhulumente.

Reverse kwi Latin enye - ". Imbuyekezo" «reversus», nto leyo ithetha In Russian, lo gama kuqala kukhankanyiwe yemihla 1710. Reverse - numismatical ligama elichaza yabaxwa malunga kwicala obverse lwe ingqekembe okanye imbasa.

Avers - it ...

Oku kubonakala Akumangalisi, kodwa uncwadi ekhethekileyo Minti akukho ukuvumelana ukwahlula njani ingqekembe. Kwaye akukho ndlela icacileyo apho kunokuqatshelwa kwicala phambi ingqekembe - obverse. Oku, eneneni, i qembu kuyo nayiphi na imali ezinkozo.

Noko ke, inkoliso kulawulo Minti inika uluhlu lwamabala apho umiselwa obverse. Nazi ke:

• portrait ngomfanekiso umntu odumileyo (ukumkani, umlawuli, umongameli, njl);
• imifanekiso karhulumente okanye logo;
• igama yommandla lizwe;
• oyiphumeleleyo bebephethe yemali okanye okhupha yebhanki.

Noko ke, oko kuyenzeka ukuba kophawu lwesizwe ixhaswa kumacala omabini lwemali. Njani, ke, ukuba abone apho ngqekembe obverse? Oku kwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ukuba ahlole zombini Umfuziselo kwaye uthathe icala obverse, ebonisa ingubo Iingalo onesikhundla esiphezulu.

Ukuba le ngqekembe akukho nanye yezo mpawu zingasentla, ngoko ke kufuneka ziqwalaselwe icala obverse, egxalabeni elimalunga ihlelo imali ezinkozo.

Kakade ke, indlela elula ukujonga abhalwe kuqala. Njengoko rule (ezinye ngaphandle), oko isicelo kuye ihlelo (ixabiso) zemali.

"Eagle" okanye "nemisila '?

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba xa ngqekembe kubonisiwe ngefoto okanye umzekeliso, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ngowokuqala obverse (oko kukuthi, kwicala lasekhohlo) yawo, waza ke umva imali ezinkozo, kwaye (oko kukuthi, ukuba ekunene). Lo mgaqo nokukhumbula, ekubeni kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba zonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, umfanekiso imali ezinkozo.

Kumazwe monarchical of Western Europe iye athathiweyo ukumela yonke imali yentloko kumkani kakumkani. Eli siko sele abolekwe ngexesha eRoma yamandulo, nto leyo yenza okufanayo. Yaye lisoloko phantse lonke ubuso ingqekembe zazibonisa kumkani kwicala ngaphambili (okt, ngomhla obverse).

Ngokwemveli kubonisiwe imali ubuso abalawuli yasekwa ebudeni bolawulo Aleksandra Velikogo. Yaye emva kokufa kwakhe, baqhubeka imali zetyeleba of portraits zakhe. Egypt Emva Alexander woyisa, wakhetha ukuyichazela ngokwabo kwicala phambi iinkozo, njengoko uThixo nokumkani. Ngoko ke wayefuna ukufumana indawo yamaYiputa, ngubani iziqu ngoofaro bakhe ophelileyo njengoko bambi.

Ngookumkani balandelayo abalawula emva Aleksandra Velikogo, ukuba nalo siko. iintloko zabo nabo mayifakwe kwi-obverse zonke zemali.

Ngoko Wababela noko "amalungu omzimba" wonke ezinkozo. Njengoko ubona, siqonde apho obverse, nalapho - i-reverse, akulula kangako. A lot of ingxoxo kunye mpikiswano kuvela kwesi sihlandlo numismatists. Noko ke, ngokuba umntu umlinganiselo ukuthanda ngokwaneleyo kunye nemigaqo zidweliswe kweli nqaku, ukuba isigqibo ngqekembe.