Ababhali Czech Modern

Ngowe-1989, kwakukho ekuthiwa-eCzechoslovakia Velvet Revolution. Njengabo iziganeko ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zopolitiko nezentlalo, uye waba negalelo kuphuhliso ukubhala kunye nemibongo. ababhali Czech kwinkulungwane XX ngasekupheleni - Milan Kundera, Mihal Viveg, Jáchym Topol, Patrik Ouředník. indlela Creative la ababhali - umxholo weli nqaku.

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NgoNovemba 1989, kwizitrato yeCzechoslovakia waqalisa banga uqhankqalazo. abantu inkululeko-bothando babefuna ukubhukuqa umbuso wamaKomanisi. izenzo ezininzi bephelekwa izilogani ngedemokhrasi rapprochement kunye Europe. Kwegazi, ngethamsanqa, ayizange yenzeke. Ngoko ke, igama lo mcimbi unikwa ngendlela enoxolo - Velvet Revolution.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini uncwadi Czech kwinkulungwane XX ngexesha asaphuhlayo, kodwa ngokucothayo kakhulu. Abalobi nkqi imingcele. Ekupheleni koo-, abavakalisi abaninzi abatsha. Ezishelfini of izithengisayo abone imisebenzi ngaphambili umlomo ababhali. Phakathi kwazo ababhali Czech ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezininzi, abamagama abaziqhelileyo abafundi namhlanje kulo lonke ihlabathi.

Iimpawu iincwadi Czech

Xa inkcubeko zonke iintlanga neempawu apho. Bona wabumba phantsi kweempembelelo iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zentlalo kunye nezembali, kwakunye noko ngokuba uphawu lwesizwe. Iincwadi ababhali Czech yokuqala kunye yokuqala. Benento ukuba akukho namnye kuloo ncwadi yaseYurophu. iingcinga Complex bulumko kuhlanganiswa engaqhelekanga novuyo kunye nosizi ndoda eqhelekileyo. Isigqebelo uya isandla ngesandla ngemfesane ziimvakalelo.

Uluhlu "ababhali Czech mihla" ngokuqhelekileyo luqala igama Milana Kundery. Kodwa kukho kolu luhlu kakhulu abanye, nangona ababhali ezaziwayo-sincinane umfundi Russian elithetha.

Mihal Viveg

Lo umbhali yenye ethandwa le Czech Republic. Mihala Vivega imisebenzi epapashwe ngeelwimi ezilishumi amanani amakhulu. Iinoveli kuvame ngokuphila kwakhe. ubhalo Vivega - ngokwakhe. Isigqibo iingxaki ezinzulu zentlalo-bulumko ngokuthi bemilo amalungu ngamanye oluntu - umsebenzi iphambili yale yombhali.

Vivega noveli idumileyo - "The Iminyaka Best - le mali." Ukongeza kulo msebenzi, wapapasha ngaphezu mabini, yaye phantse zonke babe ntlobo ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwazo kukho kuphela iinoveli zentlalo-engqondweni umcuphi inyathelo kubhula, kodwa indalo ilungiselelwe abafundi abatsha. Ngoko Vivega uyakwazi ngokukhuselekileyo kunganxulunyaniswa udidi "ababhali abantwana Czech kaThixo."

Jáchym Topol

Xa yee- ekuqaleni ku imvelo nezazi Czech, lo mbhali waduma ngokuyintloko ngenxa imisebenzi yakhe ophikisana, kwaye bathathe inxaxheba Velvet Revolution. Uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo watshutshiswa, ngokufuthi utshintshe indawo yakhe yomsebenzi. Indlela eya University for Topola lavalwa ngenxa kwimisebenzi amalungelo oluntu kayise, le kakuhle yaziwa ngexesha ekuchubekeni.

umsebenzi wakhe waqalisa yamaciko. Kodwa ekupheleni koo Wahlabela mgama iprozi post-mihla. Ngelo xesha yanyatheliswa iinoveli eziliqela kunye ingqokelela yamabali amafutshane Yahima Topola, owathi kamva yaziwa ngaphandle Czech Republic kubulela ukuba iinguqulelo zibe IsiNgesi, isiFrentshi, isiJamani kunye Italian.

Patrik Ouředník

Ababhali abaninzi Czech banyanzelwa ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko. Omnye wabo - Patrik Ouředník. Wazalwa ePrague kwintsapho abaziingqondi. Noko ke, njengokuba umfana wathatha inxaxheba kakhulu kwindawo nemibutho yoluntu akuvumelekanga, kwaye noba utyikitye isicelo ukukhusela amabanjwa ezopolitiko. Izenzo ezinjalo bakwazi ukwenza kube nzima ukuba nawuphi na ummi ukuze bafumane imfundo ephucukileyo, ngoko ke baya kwimeko emaxongo kwezentlalo.

Kule yee- Ourzhednik, kwakunye nabanye ababhali odumileyo Czech, bathutha eFransi. Apho wakwazi ukufumana imfundo. Ourzhednik kwikhondo uncwadi French, imbali, inkolo, kwaye nagoko wayengomnye wabaseki Free University, kude 2010 yena into emandiyenze apho.

milan Kundera

Xa kufikwa ingqiqo njengoko ababhali Czech ezinjalo, nayiphi fan ukubhala kushicilelo qatha engqondweni igama lombhali. France Milan Kundera bathutha ngo-1975. Ekhaya de 1952 wabafundisa ikhosi kwiincwadi ehlabathini.

Kodwa senza umsebenzi kwi kwikhondo lobutitshala wayeka msinyane avuselela nengqiqo yezopolitiko. Inyaniso yeyoba, e-Kundera bakhe ebuntwaneni wasinda umsebenzi eJamani, kodwa ngenxa yokuba nayiphi ngokubonakala yobuFasi kokuba aqale. Emva kwemfazwe, ingcamango Communism kwabonakala ukuba ukonga abantu abatsha abaninzi Czech Republic. Kundera wajoyina Communist Party. Kodwa ngokukhawuleza agxothwe. Ubangela - "iimbono eziphosakeleyo" yaye "imisebenzi protivopartiynaya."

imisebenzi bokuqala Kundera kodwa ivunywe yi ukugxekwa esemthethweni. Noko ke, kule minyaka bekusele eziphumela ekufundweni ihlabathi engaphakathi ngamnye. Loo nkalo iprozi waba babephikisana kunye izicwangciso ezisemgangathweni. Xa Milan Kundera waba ngokuphandle ebaluleke naluphi na uhlobo iSABC, imeko yayo ekuhlaleni zimbi kakhulu. Yena u emsebenzini. Ezaqanjwa Kundera ziphosa wokuqhuba akuvumelekanga.

Iinoveli idumileyo umbhali Czech ziye zapapashwa okokuqala eFransi. Phakathi kwabo - "Ubomi ayikho apha," "The Enganyamezelekiyo ukuqaqamba Lokuba". Indawo okhethekileyo imisebenzi yalo mbhali wathabatha iintshukumisa yokushiywa. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Milan Kundera ubhala becala isiFrentshi.