316 elihamba Division of General Panfilov. Imbali Division amajoni feat

Abantu abaselula ngoku uyazi ngokugqibeleleyo of abadlali ezithandwayo kunye neemvumi, aziwayo ezopolitiko kunye nabantu ukufeza engamashumi into ezinkulu eyadlulayo, awunamdla kulo. Kodwa badala waziwa kakuhle ngenxa 316 zamabutho Division of Jikelele Panfilov, bazikrazula nobomi babo ngokuthatha fascists eMoscow. Ebudeni bemfazwe yaye emva kweminyaka eli Candelo I wabhala amaphephandaba ezininzi, yaye zonke 28 Panfilov kokufa kwakhe yaba Heroes eSoviet Union. Bekuya kubonakala ukuba kube kubi? Emva kokuba feat abantu ezinenkalipho apho. Kodwa kwakukho izinto, ebonakalalisa ukuba lo 316 zamabutho Division akukho kubi kwaye kungekho engcono kunezinye iiyunithi, lungumqobo endleni amaNazi ekwimimandla emelene eMoscow. Kwimeko nganye kuzo bangamaqhawe babulala amajoni zethu, nto leyo ngenxa yesizathu esithile akukho namnye uthetha nantoni na, kodwa 28 Panfilov akafa bonke. Ngaphezu koko, akukho bonke bephela baba ngamagorha, abanye babo bade baba ngabangcatshi. Yintoni na - kabi le ubuqhawe ngamajoni Soviet, okanye umnqweno ukufumana inyaniso ebantwini? Kweli nqaku, ngokusekelwe amaxwebhu ezizizo siya kutsha Ke kaloku kwathi ngaloo minyaka, ukuba zombini isizukulwana abaselula nangaphezulu baye bafunda inyaniso ngamaqhawe.

Panfilov General

Injengele 316 zamabutho Division, yayingeyiyo IV Panfilov, wayeyindoda ngokungaqhelekanga. Wazalwa ngomhla 20.12.92 (style endala) okanye 1.1.93 (elitsha), ngoko eyafunyanwayo kunye ne revolution kunye leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Ngowe-1915 wayesilwa umkhosi Tsarist, kodwa ukususela ngo-1918 waba Red Army, walwa Chapaev omkhulu, esazi naye buqu. Ingqwayi edume wonyula intlola Panfilov abaselula ngokuphindaphindiweyo wabonisa isibindi sakhe, ukungafihlisi, isibindi kunye nokukwazi ukumelana imisebenzi kakhulu eyingozi kunye nokulahlekelwa kancinane okanye hayi. Le yenkulungwane kunye netalente yabantu - ukukhusela amajoni ayo kwaye ngexesha elinye oyise utshaba - alimwi 316 zamabutho Division, yaye umntu emangalisayo ukugcina mzuzu lokugqibela lobomi bakhe. Enoba kwakuyintoni na, uya kubanyamekela ngamnye karma yakhe, njengokuba unyana nakozalelwe ekhaya; ngokuba apho uya kubiza aksakals yaye kamva Batey. kweminyaka Kwanasemva kokuba 3.5 emva kokufa a Panfilova omnye etyeni lwamajoni ubhale yakhe kwahlukahlukana kuthinjwe Berlin Wall ukuba Panfilovets uzidibanise mazwi: "Tata, ndiyabulela kweziqalo."

Ukuzalwa elihamba 316th

Emva kokuphumelela Kiev nomkhosi yesikolo Panfilov kufika Central Asia, apho abekuhambisa ekulweni umphangi bands. Kwaye kuyo yonke indawo, nokuba kwiindawo ntaba eziyingozi zihlaselwe Basmachi, ecaleni kuye umfazi dear kunye nomhlobo unyanisekileyo yakhe ingqondo, Maria Ivanovna. Wobulali edabini, elikroti, nesibindi ngexesha elifanayo nesoldati osisilumko eSoviet Army I. V. Panfilova ngo-1938 wamiselwa commissar wamajoni Kirghiz Soviet Republic. Kwaye kule sikhundla ke isabelo solu hlahlo lwabiwo-ingqalelo Fighters abatsha, kodwa kungalinganiselwanga uqeqesho drill kodwa iimfuno indlu yakho, ukuba akukho eziziimpawu bonke abathetheli.

Ekuqaleni kuka July 1941 I. V. Panfilov waya uAlma-Ata, apho baqalisa ukuyilwa iyunithi ngamandla ukulwa, owaziwa ngelika "elihamba Division 316th". Panfilov ekhethe abantu kuso, ibe lukhetha amaqhawe Komsomol kunye abatsha ngamaKomanisi. Ngokwenza iyunithi enjalo elikhulu, umsebenzi walo ongundoqo yaba ukulwa amaNazi, Panfilov ukulibala ukuba abalwa zayo - ingakumbi abantu, yaye kuphela ke amajoni, ngoko wankqonkqoza kubo iimeko eqhelekileyo yokuhlala, ukutya, izinto eziluncedo ezifanelekileyo, baze bahlela ukuba iikonsathi zabo zomculo, kwaye bonke abafazi kunikezelo iikawusi kunye iziketi endaweni ibhulukwe footcloths.

Uqeqesho lwezakhono zomkhosi

Edume 316 ICandelo elihamba abathimbi amakhulu okuxhaphaza, ekuqaleni akazange kakuhle unit ukulwa, njengokuba amacandelo abalwa yayo encinane eyazi ubugcisa imfazwe, abaninzi koyikiswa kwiitanki. Ngoko ke, umsebenzi IV Panfilov kaThixo iphambili kukwenza emkhosini nesakhiwo sayo, icandelo, athe wanikwa ngenyanga enye kuphela. Ukususela abathetheli inkampani kunye nomkhosi athi ukufundisa abantu ingqeqesho, unyamezelo, yaye nalo, enikwe ukuba ukwakhiwa 316 zamabutho Division kwakukho abantu beentlanga 34 (kwakukho nabantu okanye hayi ukuqonda igama in Russian), wachaza ukuba unyango olulodwa wamajoni munye, bonke kwintsapho lobuhlobo. Uqeqesho kwakuba uhambo olude ngenkani, ukunqumla imilambo, ukuthatha ophezulu-siyenyuka, ukuba embe of emingxunyeni kunye empini, ulwakhiwo bewela. Ukuze boyise ukoyika Babelwela lamatanki zabo, Panfilov amalungiselelo uqeqesho ukuhlasela itrektara, ngexesha apho amajoni bahlala emingxunyeni wamlinda iitrektara baya kugqitha phezu kwabo, yaye emva koko baphosa iziqhushumbisi zabo zoqeqesho.

ubhaptizo lomlilo

Isifungo lamajoni kwiCandelo elihamba 316th wathabatha ngomhla wama-30 Julayi baza bafika Novgorod waza wajoyina i-52 th Ibutho 18 Agasti. Nangona kwimigca ngaphambili, iyantlukwano yayineqela yemisebenzi mlilo sokuhlola. Ingakumbi sombutho avelele ukumkani webutho yakhe, babanjwe "ulwimi lwekhompyutha", umpu umatshini abatshabalalise a amaJamani ezimbalwa. Yaba zabo kuqala ukulwa sortie, akugqiba umoya olomeleleyo abalwa owavusa ngempumelelo.

Kodwa omkhulu imisebenzi zomkhosi kufuphi iLeningrad 316 zamabutho Division akazange angabambeki ekwindla ekuqaleni watshintshelwa kummandla eMoscow, kwi-16 Army Rokossovsky. Panfilovskaya 316 Rifle Division kufuneka ukuvala umendo kwi Volokolamsk kunye okuxhathisa ezinabantu kwi iikhilomitha 50-phambi ingxenye. Apha kweli candelo wangena zokudubula webutho 857 we Kurganova, kodwa izixhobo nangoku anti-mkhosi Panfilov wayengekho ngokwaneleyo, nangona kule khosi kwakukho nkqu guns anti-moya Katyushas lethu elizukileyo.

amacebo Military Panfilova

Panfilov kaThixo ozithandayo kunye ngqwayi kunye abalwa ye-jikelele, 316 zamabutho Division imali eninzi ingqalelo zakho, bazi kakuhle ukuba mbaxa lo msebenzi. Ukunyusa amathuba yokuwina, wasebenzisa yakhe ngophuhliso Amaqhinga imfazwe, wacenga abasebenzi laloo nkqubo, nokuba kwiimeko ezininzi engalindelekanga wokhuselo ngcono. Kamva, le ndlela iya ukusindisa ubomi amakhulu amadoda, enyanisweni, ngenene umthetho yayo engundoqo Bati, oye wathi ngokuphindaphindiweyo la madoda akazange afune ukuba ukufa kwabo, ufuna bonke basinda.

Yiloo nto nje omnye weyona mizekelo emininzi ezizukileyo apho ezinemiphetho uLieutenant ebalaseleyo netshatsheleyo. inkampani bakhe amafu, kodwa wabanjwa ijikazi eshinyeneyo lamatanki kunye nomkhosi kotshaba. Emiphethweni, ukuba oonyana bokufa; ngesiquphe waya phezu okuhlaselayo yodwa lo msesane, kodwa asitshatyalaliswa amatanki-3 kunye nenani elikhulu ngamaNazi, yaye yena kunye ikhefu inkampani ngaphandle encirclement. Kamva, omnye amaJamani wabhala ukuthi abalwa beat "zasendle" kwaba Division 316th nzima kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba usoloko wenza ngesiquphe, ngaphandle kokuba ngokuxhomekeke kuyo nayiphi na imithetho imfazwe.

Ukulwa e Volokolamsk

ezintsha abaninzi olwaziswe kukumthetheli-Division elihamba 316th. Enye indlela Baze babiza "lo Panfilova ngokwenzekayo," waza waqalisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanye amacandelo ngaphambili. Noko ke, phezu kwayo yonke imigudu, ngexesha 316th kwabakho laloyisa. Ngoko ke, amaJamani ngo-Oktobha 15 yaqalisa hlaselo enamandla, enika ukwahlula Panfilov, kukho inani elikhulu lamatanki. Kuphela ephangweni ngasekhohlo, apho balwa ngesibindi 1075 we-butho, kwakukho iiyunithi ezingaphezulu kwama-150. Umlo wawunzima kakhulu, kodwa 316 zamabutho Division ukunqanda encirclement, batshabalalisa izicwangciso ngamaNazi njengoko Panfilov wakwazi ngexesha ukunceda 1075 th a lot of anti-tank zokudubula.

Emva kweentsuku 4, amaJamani wasondela eMoscow wathabatha ezinye zezo lali. Kwezi Okwemfazwe, lo ubuqhawe liphezulu wabonisa uCaptain Lysenko, gcina ukuziphendulela ilali Ostashevo Captain Molchanov, nabalwi zabo wadubula phantsi amatanki 6. Kodwa amaJamani babezimisele eMoscow, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ilahleko zabo. Ngo-Oktobha 25, baphosa kwi Panfilov Division malunga 120 kwiitanki. Ukugcina amajoni akhe Panfilov wayalela ukuba siphumele kwaye anikezele Volokolamsk. Ukususela inkundla ngeso senzo kusindiswa ngaye Rokossovsky nokuba yokuba shot - zhukov.

Balwela eMoscow

Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi kwimpumelelo amaJamani baqhubeka sokuhlaselwa. Yiza November 16, imini ezimbi (yi zhukov wathi) Kwidabi eMoscow kunye mini wenza feat lwabo ibonwe 28 mlilo 316 zamabutho Division. AmaJamani aya ukuba yaziwe, le Wehrmacht wanika Volokolamsk ulwalathiso sele 2 lwahlulo. Ukunceda ukuba hlula elihamba. Ngokutsho memoirs lokusinda Fighters, baba amatanki, apho wahlala elihamba yaye ndiziphethe umlilo eqhubekayo. amajoni zethu angamvusanga intloko yakhe khangela, Mabaphose iziqhushumbisi. Kwangaxeshanye, phezu moya zabo ebezihamba. Yonke le udaka zokufa zabetha omnye 316th elihamba division Panfilov.

Ngenxa Ekuqaleni ukuhlaselwa kakhulu ezinamandla luqale Dubosekovo, apho th 1075 elihamba webutho. Babathethela ilya Vasilyevich Capri. Kule nkampani th 6 wathethelela Shiryaevo, 4 - ngqo Dubosekovo, 6 - ilizwe phakathi Petelino kunye ukuphakama 251. Xa inkampani 4 utshaba yamntlala 60 amatanki, yaye zethu 1 kuphela 2 anti-itanki gun webutho PTR !

Le isifo kwaba 4:00. Ngeli xesha, Panfilov wadubula phantsi 18 kwamatanki utshaba, wabatshabalalisa amajoni angamakhulu eziliqela. Inguqulelo olusemthethweni: abulale zonke inkampani amajoni-28, kodwa utshaba iye yayeka. Kwakhona wabulawa kwaye umhlohli kwezopolitiko, mathathu Vasiliy butman, lalo ibinzana odumileyo malunga nento yokuba eRashiya mkhulu, kodwa akukho siphumele, njengokuba eMoscow engasemva kwethu.

ukufa Panfilova

Kuba feat omkhulu 316 zamabutho Division Panfilova Novemba 17 yesiBhozo Guards Rifle. Ukongeza, uye wawongwa Order of Red Banner. Panfilov emehlweni kakhulu ukuba, njengokuba kudala waphupha ukuba kwisahlulo wakhe Guards. NgoNovemba 18, wadibana nentombi yakhe Valentina, umongikazi eqeleni lakhe. Kuloo ntlanganiso, uIvan wabiza kwikomkhulu, ibekwe lali Gusenevo iintetho kunye eMoscow incwadi. Le ngxoxo waba amaphenyane yaye waphazanyiswa umyalezo kwi fascists ezintsha ukuhlasela tank. Panfilov wakhawuleza ngaphandle amadoda akhe ngaphuma amaphenyane. Ngelo xesha a iqokobhe baziqhawula osenyongweni. Emehlweni abantu bakhwankqiswa Jikelele baqalisa ukuhlala. Xa kwenzeka ezimbi, a elaqhekeka esincinane ambetha ekunene etempileni. hero Mnandi wangcwatyelwa eMoscow, emangcwabeni Novodevichy, yaye kwisahlulo sakhe yathiywa emva Panfilov.

Neembasa kunye nokulahlekelwa

Ngexesha imisebenzi zinzima yamajoni Second World War, leyo ngoNovemba 16-19, yabo nje kuphela umphathi oluthandayo 316 zamabutho Division, eyikhusela eMoscow. LooMawokhulu kula amadabi ezilahlekileyo amawaka njengamaqhawe abo. Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni lokusekwa ngokwahlulwa 316th yayiquka amadoda 11,347, kwaye ngo-16 Novemba bashiya malunga 7000. Ingakumbi, ngo-1075 webutho, ngowe-1534, ngo-1073-m - 1666, yaye ngowe-1077-m - 2078 amajoni neerhuluneli. Emva kokuba idabi sibi ngo-1075 webutho, abantu-120 aseleyo, kuquka ababuleweyo, kwi-meters 1073 - 200, yaye webutho 1077th inkulu - malunga 700 mlilo. Iilahleko, Kakade ke, ezoyikekayo. Le edumileyo inkampani 4-th basinda abantu-20 kuphela kuma-140 Nje kukungxawu hellish Dubosekovo - Kryukovo Panfilov "okuphekwe" seenyanga ezimbini. Ngeli xesha ke batshabalalisa amajoni 9000 lwamaNazi kunye namatanki malunga ne-100, esaphula amaqela 4 eJamani - itanki 1, 1 nomkhosi ezizimoto no-2.

Wamagama ukuwonakalisa

Idatha zibonisa ukuba ngomhla we-16 Novemba wabulala amawaka abantu abalwa zethu ozukileyo waziphendulela eMoscow. Kutheni ihlabathi liphela yaziwa kuphela feat ngamajoni 28 loMthetho oyiDivision elihamba 316th? Kwathi nge ukufakwa abasebenzi iphephandaba "Red Star" Otenberga, Krivitsky, chapa. Krivitsky wavuma ukuba wenza isincoko sakhe phantsi koxinzelelo iimeko. Owasinda edabini, umphathi 1075 th I. V. Kaprov ngokusemthethweni lowu iintatheli bengavani yena buqu, yaye kungekho ngcaciso ifunyanwa nokuba kuloo mfazwe odumileyo wabulala kwi-28, yaye abangaphezu kwe-100 Panfilov. Bonke bephela balwa ezifana iidemon, akhusela zonke intshi welizwe loonyana babantu bakowabo, kodwa feat abantu 28 wayengekho. Onke amagama (cinga) of Fighters zabo, owaba odumileyo Panfilov, Krivitsky kwabonakala umphathi ukuba enye inkampani 4 Gundilovich, yaye oku kwenzeka kwiinyanga ezi-2 emva kokuba imfazwe, kwaye ibinzana Klochkova Krivitsky wabhala ngokwakhe.

bugs enobungozi kwaye ikruqula

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, 316 zamabutho Division walwa nje zobugorha, kwaye nganeno ngaseludinini izakhono zabantu, ibhiyozelwa nje kuphela abantu 28, yaye bonke. Kodwa enkosi ukholo embi abo ngokobuqu ubomi wakhe ayikho ingozi, a feat zonke amajoni wehla waya ubuqhawe iqela elincinane labantu. Ngoko ke, Krivitsky waxoka malunga ekulweni ukuba nako ukuva esibhedlele ukusuka kwenye i-28 Panfilov Natarova, owafa kungekudala emva koko. Kodwa akaba nako ukuyenza loo nto, kuba ngelo xesha edabini odumileyo wayesele eneentsuku-2. Phakathi kwabafileyo kwaye zanikwa kokufa Panfilov uye Daniel Kuzhebergenov (Kozhabergenov), nto leyo ngexesha dabi mbanjwa amaJamani. Yena kamva ubalekele ehlathini, wandwendwela apho de kwafumaneka mahashe eSoviet General Dovatora. Honours kunye amabhaso ngexesha wayesele kwathiwa, ngoko amaxwebhu igama lakhe kunye nefani ngokukhawuleza endaweni Askar Kuzhebergenova, ngubani yanikezelwa kulo. Kodwa ke joni nayo yathatha inxaxheba ekulweni odumileyo, njengoko bafika kwicandelo th 316 kuphela ngoJanuwari 1942.

Le mpazamo zilandelayo bayavuya. Ngoko ke, ukuba kokufa imbasa Panfilov Paul Gundilovich (umphathi), Illarion Vasilyev kunye nguDmitry Timofeev, UGrigory Shemyakin, Ivan Shadrin. Bonke basinda emva umlo waza wafumana umvuzo wabo, ukuba sempilweni entle. Gundilovich, ngelishwa, wafa ngoAprili 1942, abanye bakwazi ukusinda imfazwe.

Ligorha okanye imbuka?

Eyona ehlazisayo ithinzi ubuqaqawuli elihamba Division 316th, kuba isenzeko uIvan Evstafievich Dobrobabin, owayesakuba ngumphathi yesebe. Gundilovich xa ebizwa ngegama lakhe, wayengazi ukuba yathinjwa Dobrobabin waza waya kukhonza ipolisa, yaye waba yintloko wamapolisa, ngoko ngenzondelelo lwenziwe imisebenzi yakhe, nangona ingqalelo abe ligorha eSoviet Union, njengabanye kokufa kwakhe. Xa embambile, umthetho phezu ewonga kuye isihloko lucinyiwe, kwaye umngcatshi wagwetywa iminyaka eli-15 entolongweni. Kamva Dobrobabin abalicelileyo ukususwa kuye ibala, kodwa wala. Aguquke kuphela ngo-1993, emva kokuba isibhengezo geqe Ukraine.

nezinye Panfilov

Hayi nje iNkampani 4 kwiCandelo elihamba 316th waziwa ngokwayo nge-16 Novemba. Ngokomzekelo, amajoni 120 yenkampani 1 zikhuselwe kwilali Matrenin. Wabayalela uLieutenant Filimonov. Azitshabalalisa kumatanki eziliqela kunye fascists 300. Yenkampani 6 ababemi kufuphi Petelino, abantu abali-15 kuphela abasindayo uhlaselo. Le ukuzalisa iiyure ezimbalwa ukugcina ukuziphendulela, kubukela amatanki-5, kodwa amajoni 15 babulawa. Phantsi umyalelo Lieutenant oselula Kraeva 2nd Inkampani eyayibanjwe egcwele iphepha 231,5 kwaye ngokubanzi ukuba akukho oonokrwece anti-itanki nemipu, kodwa akwaze ukujongela phantsi kwiitanki 3, wabatshabalalisa 200 amaNazi uthabathe indebe evela imipu 3 no 1 neemoto. Kwilali Sound 20 amajoni ethu, owawukhokelwa neerhuluneli Islamkulov kunye Ogureev, waqhekeza nomkhosi lwamaNazi gunners machine.

Uqulukubhode xa kwenziwe ezinye iintsuku. 17 17 amajoni Novemba 1073rd webutho, walwela ukufa kwi Mykanino lali. Abafa izilwi-15, kodwa 8 kwabali-25 ukuza kubo lamatanki yatshabalala. 18 Novemba 1077 11 izilwi webutho, owawukhokelwa uLieutenant Firstov, kufuphi kwilali umtya iiyure ezimbalwa (ukuya eziphilayo umntu yokugqibela) walwa le ngokuhlasela nomkhosi lamatanki kunye lwamaNazi. It is a Kulusizi ukuba kwanto zezi heroes yaziwa kancinane njalo.