Yintoni ingcambu?

Phakathi isethi ulwazi, Nguwo lowo umqondiso nokubhala kweli kwindawo yokuqala be-alfabhethi. Okulandelayo, kwi enye element "esikhulu" i izakhono Ukongeza-phinda kwaye ezikufutshane kubo, kodwa intsingiselo umva, ukuthabatha arithmetic, iyantlukwano. Izifundo kwizakhono yesikolo ebuntwaneni elikude, bakhonza ngokuthembekileyo imini nobusuku: TV, iphephandaba, SMS invoyisi. Kwaye kuyo yonke indawo, sifunda, ukubhala, umbono, dibanisa, thabatha, phinda-phinda. Kwaye, ndixeleleni, kaninzi kangakanani na ebomini, ekususeni i ingcambu, ngaphandle kweli lizwe? Umzekelo, umsebenzi onjalo ukonwabisa an, ezifana, ingcambu ka'B inombolo 12345 ... Kukho ubomi inja? Balufunda? Ewe, akukho nto lula! Uphi na calculator yam ... Kwaye ngaphandle kuyo, isandla ngesandla, encinane?

Okokuqala, makhe ucacise ukuba yintoni na - ingcambu esikweri yenani. Ngokubanzi, "ukuze ndikhuphe ingcambu ka'B inani" kuthetha ukwenza ukusebenza yokalo emileyo exponentiation eyahlukileyo - ukuba wena kunye nomanyano izichasi kwisicelo ebomini. Exponentiation, masithi, isikwere, nguye phindo lwenani ngokwawo, oko kukuthi, njengoko ezifundiswa esikolweni, X * X = A okanye ezinye entries X2 = A, kwaye amazwi - "X ophindwe kabini lingana no A". Ke ingxaki eguqulweyo ngokubaxwa i: ingcambu ka A, X linani ukuba sakhiwe kwi isikwere ilingana A.

iingcambu Square

Ukusuka izifundo kwisikolo iindlela izibalo baziwa computing "kwikholam" esiza ukwenza nayiphi na ubalo usebenzisa imisebenzi emine yokuqala arithmetical. Awu ... Ukuze inxaki, kwaye hayi kuphela iingcambu ka'B ezi algorithms azikho. Kwaye kulo mzekelo, njengoko ingcambu ngaphandle ikhaltyhuleyitha? Ngokusekelwe inkcazo ingcambu imveliso - kuyimfuneko ukuba ukhethe ixabiso japan amanani amandla ndisisilo ogama square osondela ixabiso radicand. Kuko konke! Musa ukuba ixesha kudlule iyure okanye zibe mbini, njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukubala, usebenzisa indlela ezaziwayo-kakuhle phindo kwi "kwikholam" nawuphi ingcambu. Ukuba ukhululekile ngokwaneleyo ukwenza imizuzu embalwa. Nokuba na calculator umsebenzisi eliphezulu kakhulu okanye PC yenza kube kwelinye bawathathe abafa - inkqubela.

Kodwa kakhulu, ingcambu idla ngokusebenzisa indlela ye "zokudubula neefolokhwe": siqale onombolo yakhe isikwere, cishe elivumelana radicals. Kungcono ukuba "isikwere yethu" ngaphantsi kancinane kwe eli binzana. Emva koko, ukunyenyisa inani ikhono lawo, ukuqonda, umzekelo, xa iphinda phindiweyo ngo amabini, kwaye ... waphinda kabini. Ukuba isiphumo lingaphezulu kwenani ngezantsi ingcambu ngokulandelelana ulungisa inani yokuqala kuxhaphaka isondela "umncedi" layo phantsi ingcambu. Njengoko ubona - akukho wokubala, kuphela ikhono njenge "kwi kwikholam". Kakade ke, kukho ubuchule ezininzi ngenzululwazi waqiqa futhi eliphezulu becomputing iingcambu isikwere, kodwa "ukusetyenziswa ekhaya" ukutya ngasentla unika 100% intembelo isiphumo.

Owu, ndade ndalibala ukuba ukuqinisekisa ukufunda ukwandisa yayo, ukubala ingcambu ka'B inani elikhankanywe ngaphambili 12345. Yenza inyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Thabatha ungaziva, X = 100. Thina ukubala: X * X = 10,000 Intuition kwi ukuphakama - isiphumo lingaphantsi kwe-12345.

2. Zama kwakhona ungaziva, X = 120. Emva koko: X * X = 14400.I kwakhona intuition umyalelo - isiphumo abangaphezu kwama-12345.

3. Le wafumana ngasentla "ifolokhwe" ka-100 kunye 120. Khetha inani entsha - 110 no 115. Ngoko afumane, ngokulandelelana, 12100 kunye 13225 - yokwela uncipha.

4. Zama "random" X = 111. * Fumana X X = 12321. Le nombolo ikufutshane ngokwaneleyo 12345. Ngokungqinelana ngokuchaneka efunekayo "fit" Uyakwazi ukuqhubeka okanye ukuyeka kwiziphumo ezifunyenweyo. Kuko konke. Njengoko wathembisa - yonke into lulula kakhulu kwaye ngaphandle wokubala.

Impela, bawela imbali ...

Babetha phezu ingcamango ukusebenzisa iingcambu isikwere nangoku Pythagoreans, abafundi kunye nabalandeli bakaPythagoras, 800 BC yaye emva koko "wabaleka" ngenxa yezinto ezintsha entsimini lwamanani. Yaye ukuba uvela phi?

1. isisombululo kule ngxaki kokususa ingcambu, unika isiphumo ngokohlobo kwiklasi olutsha lwamanani. Ukuba nabizelwa ezingenangqondo, oko kukuthi, "abangenangqondo" ngenxa ukuba ingangeni inani epheleleyo. Owona mzekelo ezaziwa olu hlobo - ingcambu ka 2. Eli tyala ingqamana ekubaleni idiagonal isikwere kunye kwicala esilingana 1 - oko kukuthi, impembelelo yesikolo kaPythagoras. Kwathi kanti loo unxantathu ubungakanani ngqo kakhulu icala elinye, lo hypotenuse elimlinganiselo oko kubonakaliswa kwinani, apho "akukho ukuphela." Ngoko kwimathematika kwavela amanani ezingenangqondo.

2. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba yaqala ukwaphulwa inkathazo. Kwacaca ukuba lo msebenzi izibalo uqulathe enye iqhinga - ngokuthatha ruthi, thina asazi isikweri inombolo, intle okanye imbi, i binzana olukhulu. Le ukungaqiniseki, umphumo kabini umsebenzi enye, zaza zarekhodwa.

Isifundo ezinxulumene nale meko ezixhalabisayo yaba indlela kwimathematika, obizwa imfundiso variable oluxandileyo, kubaluleke eluncedo likhulu physics zezibalo.

Exakayo, ukonyulwa ingcambu - a - isetyenziswe "izibalo Universal" lakhe ikuyo Newton enye, ukubonakala mihla kanye ebhala ingcambu kuye kwaziwa ukususela 1690 encwadini engumFrentshi Rolle "Guide algebra".