VGA: olunjani USB, umqhubi, i kagesi mifanekiso?

Inkoliso abasebenzisi namhlanje ikhompyutha, iiphaneli isixhobo okanye umabonakude mobile senze kwithuba VGA. Yintoni na - umngxuma, ikhadi levidiyo, monitor, umqhubi, cable okanye adapter? Ngelishwa, abaninzi bethu babe nolwazi olucacileyo kulo mbuzo, njengoko umthetho, akukho. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba nihlale kulo mgangatho zolwimi ngokunzulu.

VGA: yintoni ngengqiqo jikelele?

Okokuqala, kukho amagama ambalwa malunga umgangatho. Ngengqiqo ebanzi VGA asithatyathwa ngokwahlukileyo amacandelo ezidweliswe ngasentla, njengoko i-interface uhlobo ezifunekayo kwicandelo ividiyo, ekuqaleni yaphuhliswa IBM ngenxa ngeekhompyutha zabo.

Ngoko, xa ukuqonda ubuchwepheshe okanye umfanekiso ukudlalwa transfer iqukwe 'nentsimbi' kunye namacandelo software, kwaye esibonakalayo esebenzayo intsebenziswano yabo.

Ibali lika umgangatho

Ngoku amagama ambalwa malunga imbonakalo umgangatho yevidiyo VGA. Yintoni na, kancinci yakuqonda. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala iteknoloji Video Graphic Array yaziswa ngu IBM ngo-1987 ukuya PS / iikhompyutha 2.

VGA-out iadaptha, ngokuchaseneyo langaphambili kunye nabalandeli, yokudluliswa ezikumgangatho ophezulu umfanekiso kusetyenziswa (kwaye isebenzisa) uphawu analog. Kodwa endleleni kukho umbuzo njani, kutheni wathabatha ukuqaliswa ekumgangatho omtsha. Ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo esi sigqibo kufuneka ibhekisela ezingundoqo parameters yamacebo ngokwabo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

I kuqala omnye wemiba ephambili yenguqu kulo mgangatho, iingcali ezininzi ebizwa ingongoma ekuqaleni kuyimfuneko oko ukunciphisa inani iingcingo kwi intambo engundoqo kunokuba units nkqubo enxulumene nge iadaptha VGA indlela yemizobo ukuba ababeki-liso ezifanelekileyo, abakwazi ukuba kudlule imibala okuninzi ezikhanyayo ngaphezu ngaphambili. Xa oku kuphunyezwa, kunye nesigqibo umfanekiso ephakamileyo.

Ngoku ke VGA indlela yemizobo iadaptha unalo isakhiwo equka le miba ilandelayo:

• isilawuli-mifanekiso ukutshintsha data phakathi CPU kunye nememori ividiyo esekelwe kwimisebenzi bit data;
• DRAM ividiyo memory of kb 256, yahlulwe umbala layer ezine;
• kungagqibekanga kwe data serializer VRAM ukugqithisa isilawuli izibaluli;
• athi isilawuli lokuguqula igalelo data kumaxabiso umbala esekelwe palette;
• synchronizer ululayite ulawulo lamanqanaba kunye parameters ixesha ikhadi yemizobo;
• Controller cathode-ray ityhubhu lokuvelisa imiqondiso ungqamaniso ukuya esweni.

Ngaphandle kokuba le nkqubo VGA-umqhubi ushiya isindululo eliphezulu pixels 640x480-intshi kunye nobunzulu umbala ziikhowudi ukuya ku-32. Kakade ke, ngexesha lo mbono asemgangathweni, kwaba ngokwenene revolution. Kodwa namhlanje unako ukufumana isisombululo eziphezulu kakhulu ukuba kuyafikelelwa ngokusebenzisa ubugcisa digital. Kodwa njengoba kuvela ngaphandle, kweli nqanaba, asikwazi njalo VGA umgangatho izixhobo zekhompyutha. Kuthetha ukuthini? Ewe, kodwa yintoni lomfanekiso transmission, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, isignali analog enakho ukuguqulwa zibe nayiphi na enye. Ngaphezu koko, ubungakanani zombini lifinyele kakhulu, kwaye adityaniswe ngqo kwi motherboard, okanye ukongeza ikhadi levidiyo.

Apha kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo kwakhona yokuba uphawu wedijithali a bandwidth ububanzi, kunye nokusasazwa umqondiso enjalo isebenzisa i-MPEG encoding technology. Kwaye oku, yena, kukhokelela ilahleko esemgangathweni.

VGA-esweni kunye nomabonakude

Ukususela kwintshayelelo asemgangathweni esisiseko waqalisa ukusetyenziswa ngokukuko, kwaye liso, baze emva - iipanele TV ukuba interface (umz isixhobo LCD).

Namhlanje le abbreviation ukubonisa zonke indlela yemizobo kunye nokutsha komphathi, kuquka abakwaziyo ukuxhasa ekusonjululweni 640x480 pixels, kungakhathaliseki candelo zekhompyutha le. Ngelo xesha langoku zophuhliso, azikho wawusetyenziswa, nangona ngelo xesha elinye ethandwa kakhulu.

yemizobo

Phantse yonke mihla accelerators mifanekiso (card graphics), ukuba ezihlangeneyo okanye inkxaso ekhethekileyo le iindlela ezisisiseko ezichazwe interface kwaye axhotyiswe iziphumo ahambelanayo (kumazibuko), nto leyo maxa wambi kuwo kwakhona D-Sub.

Ngamanye amazwi, le ikhadi levidiyo inokuba ezimbalwa ividiyo iimveliso. Kwaye VGA-isinxibelelanisi ekhoyo ngokwesiseko mandatory. Phela, ezi izihlanganisi ingafunyanwa kwi labavavanyi angasemva esisigxina iiyunithi esisiseko kwaye ezindongeni ecaleni laptops.

abaqhubi

Ayisafuni nakucaciswa yona into yokuba akukho namnye namafutha yemizobo akuyi kusebenza ngaphandle umqhubi efanelekileyo (VGA-umqhubi included) kuye.

Kodwa amakhadi imizobo mihla ukufaka akadingi inkqubo yolawulo kususela kuvimba kweenkqubo zokusebenza kunye nonikezelo Linux evela abavelisi bempahla zentsimbi. Ukongeza, namhlanje ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa izixhobo zolawulo, okanye unikezelo elungiselelwe kakhulu zithandwa amakhadi NVIDIA kunye Radeon.

Into yokuba i VGA-umqhubi isebenza kakuhle, nabadlala ezininzi unako ukwenza isicwangciso yezicwangciso game 640x480 imowudi yevidiyo okanye iinguqulelo engekho semgangathweni. Eneneni, le meko efanayo inokubonakalisa xa uqhagamshela ngekhompyutha okanye laptop ezimcaba-panel Isinxulumaniso ukuba usebenzisa i VGA-USB (hayi kuphela uhlobo olufanayo isinxibelelanisi kumacala omabini).

Iintlobo iintambo kunye ezisebenza ngokubakho

Ekubeni iinketho yokudityaniswa ujongano eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo ividiyo anokufunyanwa kakhulu kakhulu, iyodwa ukuxabiseka yokumisa kwi iintambo kunye ezisebenza ngokubakho ezinokusetyenziswa ukuguqula scheme transmission umfanekiso, nto leyo eya liyazamkela, kunye samaza.

Ngokomzekelo, makhe sihlolisise VGA-USB iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kohlelo. Phakathi iqhosha (ngaphandle uhlobo eqhelekileyo) zingahlukaniswa:

• VGA-DVI (azinakusetyenziswa kwezinye amakhadi ividiyo musa i VGA isinxibelelanisi, nangona, nokugcina iindlela efanelekileyo yokusebenza);
• VGA-uqhagamshelwano lwetshiphu emsebenzi (ingasetyenziswa ukuqhagamshela iikhompyutha ezindala okanye laptop shini zanamhlanje iiprojektha);
• VGA-RCA okanye VGA- «eTulip" (asetyenziselwa ngokunxulumene kweenkqubo zekhompyutha mihla, hayi elifakwe izihlanganisi VGA, i-TV omdala okanye esweni kunye CRT CRT);
• VGA-uqhagamshelwano lwetshiphu emsebenzi-RCA-mini-Jack (ukwahluka edibanisa amaqhoshana emibini edlulileyo ukuze ngokunxulumene transmission isandi - nge VGA isandi ethunyelwayo);
• VGA-S-zeVidiyo (ngaphantsi wafuna uqhagamshelwano ukhetho kwi TV).

Le isinxibelelanisi standard basic, omiselwe cwaka DE15F, kuwo nawuphi na embodiments kukho isinxibelelanisi 15-pin kwelinye icala, angadlulisela uphawu esekelwe iteknoloji ukukrwaqula interlaced, apho utshintsho ombane ingqinelana ukuba baguqukile CRT yobumhlophe (monitor gun umqadi ngobunzulu okanye kinescope).

Isishwankathelo esifutshane kunye nezigqibo

Kuko konke oko uza ukuqonda VGA. Yintoni na? Enyanisweni, elilujongano, kunokuba amacandelo yayo ngamnye iyimfuneko ukuze isikolo sisebenze kakuhle. Kwaye indlela kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele, oko ekhona ezininzi izixhobo becomputing yeli xesha. Nangona amathuba ukwenzela uphuhliso kwezi ubuchwepheshe babonakala mbaxa kakhulu, kodwa ke kude kubo ukuba akukho namnye uya.

Kufuneka kongezwa ukuba lo mgangatho, nangona embonakalweni abalandeli bakhe ngohlobo zojongano efanayo Super VGA okanye XGA, kuseyinto enye kakhulu zithandwa kwaye bafuna emva kulo lonke ihlabathi kunye nazo zonke iintlobo izixhobo, kuquka PC, laptops, iiphaneli TV, okanye weselula zobuchwepheshe.