Uninzi konrabas balalaika - Russian isixhobo abantu

Kuzo zonke lizwe isizwe ngasinye izixhobo zayo intsomi umculo. In Russia - balalaika kunye ikhodiyani. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho iindidi ezintlanu balalaika: prima, okwesibini, Alto, bass kunye contrabass balalaika. Ekugqibeleni oku kungentla - ibingumntu hlobo kwaye indima ebaluleke kakhulu emculweni - uthatha indawo bass.

Yintoni balalaika

Balalaika - kwemilwelwe Russian yonxantathu ezineentambo ezintathu-ukukhiwa isixhobo somculo. Ngokwemveli, lo balalaika edlalwa abakugwayimbo ngexesha elinye kuzo zonke zontathu imitya ngeminwe yakho. Noko ke, emva kokuphela kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, iye bavela isixhobo intsomi ibe ekonsathini, kudlala iindlela phezu kwayo kwabonakala kakhulu abohlukeneyo.

Imilinganiselo balalaika zisukela iisentimitha amathandathu ukuya ngaphezu kokuba iimitha nesiqingatha esinye kunye. Inani frets kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo olu hlobo izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke balalaika lincinci - amanani prima ukusuka iindlela elinethoba ukuya ezingamashumi amabini anesine (ngokuxhomekeke model). Oku kungenxa yokuba yiyo kuphela yesixhobo balalaika solo. Kodwa balalaika inkulu ayidli frets elinesithandathu okanye elinesixhenxe.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le balalaika wabeka imitya metal, nangona kwezinye iimeko, sebenzisa kunye nenayiloni. Ngemihla yakudala omnye umtya kuphela konke oku yaba sisixhobo otyhidiweyo, amabini njengoko kunjalo ezinye izilwanyana eziphilayo.

Uphuhliso kwesi sixhobo unxulunyaniswa igama yimvumi eyaziwayo Russian nomqambi Vasily Andreev, arhola ingqalelo izixhobo zomculo womthonyama zomculo, zabasulungekisa waza wadala iokhestra kuqala kubo. Ukongezelela okhestra wakhe wabhala inkqubo umculo. Kwakhona, oko Andreev wenza uhlengahlengiso engundoqo inkangeleko eso sixhobo. Ngoko kunye balalaika zakhe ngesandla ukukhanya zazenziwe indibanisela iintlobo ezininzi umthi - ubukhulu becala nespruce kunye beech.

Iimpawu bahlutha balalaika-contrabass

Kuzo zonke balalaika "intsapho" - kontrabasnaya ngobukhulu kodwa ke eyona inamandla yixina isixhobo yayo zomculo kuphela. Kwakhona balalaika olukhulu ithoni iphantsi. Enyanisweni, emculweni, yena wenza indima bass (mazingabhidaniswa kunye balalaika-bass).

Njengomgaqo, isixhobo somculo enkulu balalaika ubude ifikelela 1.6-1.7 m. On fingerboard yalo elinesithandathu, elinesixhenxe rhoqo frets. Kuzo zonke ezinye kontrabasnaya balalaika nto ezizodwa akukho ezahlukeneyo kwesama kwezinye iimpahla qela.

Kukholelwa ukuba uninzi balalaika wadalwa yi umzekeliso domra-bass, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba ezi zixhobo na isakhiwo umculo phantse efanayo.

Indlela yokudlala kule isixhobo enkulu

Uninzi iintlobo balalaika ayibambe ngezandla zabo xa idlala phezu kwabo. Kodwa ukuze ugcine le ayisosakhiwo njenge balalaika-contrabass, akusayi kusebenza. Ngoko ke, ukuba abe nako ukudlala nje, isixhobo obekwe kwi spire engile yentsimbi okhethekileyo. Le fowuni nje kuphela inkxaso, kodwa ukwanceda ukoluka isandi uze wongeze ubuninzi kuyo.

Esi sixhobo plektorom rhoqo wadlala (ingxilimbela, xa kuthelekiswa eqhelekileyo, nakuMlamleli ulusu - 0,6h0,6 cm). Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko, ukuba simunce kwisixhobo izandi lithambile, udlale nasesithupheni.

Xa kuthelekiswa a balalaika-bass, oku kakhulu kunzima ukudlala ngakumbi. Kungekuphela nje ngenxa yobukhulu balo kodwa ngenxa imitya obukhulu kakhulu. Ngapha koko, ukuba ukufumana isandi ofuna, ngexesha umdlalo kufuneka kakuhle Siyabandezelwa bexabene.

Iimpawu sound

imitya Ezintathu balalaika-contrabass (kwindawo evulekileyo) yahlukile kwezinye inkqubo - E ezinkulu, A enkulu ezinkulu D. Loo nkqubo phakathi izixhobo zomculo ngaphandle domra-bass, it ikuvumela ukuba kwandiswe uluhlu yesixhobo izandi - ukusuka umculo uSol Mi kontroktavy wenowuthi ephantsi. Ngamanye amazwi, uluhlu olupheleleyo balalaika ezinkulu - octaves amabini kunye semitones ezintathu.

Ulwazi olunomdla yeenowuthsi zokufunda lula: isikolo ngenxa balalaika-contrabass zibhaliwe i ilizwi ngaphezu isandi ngokwenyani.

Imithetho-siseko ye-umdlalo kule isixhobo somculo

Ubukhulu Esikhulu balalaika ivumela njengophume ukudlala ubhekise umile okanye uhleli. Odlala, umculi ngokuqhelekileyo ludlala emile, kodwa okhestra isoloko ehleli.

Enye iinkcukacha ebalulekileyo kukuba xa udlala i balalaika umculi enkulu kufuneka udibane nazo iimpahla okanye iqumrhu isixhobo somculo. Oku kubalulekile kuba kulo mzekelo isixhobo ixilongo siyohlala le icace kakhulu ngcono.

Namhlanje wabona umntu ephethe ngesandla sakhe isixhobo ekuthiwa balalaika-contrabass, kuba nzima ukugcina ukusuka smiling. Eneneni, nangona ubudala "solid", abaninzi babengaqhelananga kule isixhobo somculo. Ngelo xesha, ehlabathini jikelele sele ziqalisa ukubonisa umdla kule ebalaseleyo Russian isixhobo iintsomi, ngenxa isandi yayo engaqhelekanga nzulu, ngalo ungadlulisela isandi yimvula, isichotho ulwandle, kwaye kakhulu ngakumbi.