Uninzi iincwadi ifanelekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana. Rating yeencwadi kwi ukukhulisa umntwana

Imfundo - asiyonkqubo ilula, ubugcisa kunye isebenziseka. Nawuphi na umzali ufuna ukuhlakulela ubuntu kakuhle ahanjiswa ukugqithisa amava ubomi bomntwana kunye nolwazi, ukufumana ulwimi eqhelekileyo kunye naye.

Zeziphi iincwadi kwi ifanelekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana?

Njengomgaqo, ukukhulisa umntwana, senza ungaziva, esekelwe kumava akhe, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha usafuna iingcebiso zeengcali-isayikholojisti, ukuze aphephe iimpazamo kulo mbandela, noxhamla ubuncwane. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, iincwadi yokukhulisa umntwana - oncedisayo ufunwayo. Baqokelelela amava abantu abaninzi, inika iingcebiso ootitshala abaziingcali kwengqondo.

Indlela ukuba ukhethe isibonelelo echanekileyo?

Namhlanje izithengisayo ngokoqobo epheleleyo imiqulu kwi bengqondo, kunye neencwadi ezithandwayo emntwaneni-yokukhulisa inokufumaneka naphi na. Ukugqiba ukuthenga njengomkhokeli elungileyo ngenene, akuyihlawuli ingqalelo kumaqweqwe emibalabala neefowuni ethembisayo, yiya ngokuyintloko umxholo. Tom Zombini ekwabelwana kwaye anikelwe ingxaki ethile, umzekelo, kukho iincwadi kwimfundo ngesondo ngenxa yabantwana, iingxaki kunye noontanga, ukwenzela uphuhliso yoyilo. Ingakumbi kuwe, siye liqulunqe uluhlu inzuzo ezisixhenxe kakhulu umdla yaye iluncedo ukuba imfundo yabantwana sele abo bafumana abafundi ukuthembeka kwaye abonise impumelelo yayo.

Yuliya Borisovna Gippenreyter - ". Thetha nomntwana wakho njani?"

Umbhali kule ncwadi - uprofesa bengqondo, yena wayesebenza e Moscow State University, le ngengqondo ohloniphekileyo kakhulu. iincwadi Rate on emntwaneni-yokukhulisa ngokuyimfuneko ibandakanya le nzuzo. Ekuqaleni yapapashwa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-15 eyadlulayo, kodwa zange ayeke ukufaneleka kwayo kwaye kusoloko nemfuneko enkulu. Ngo-2008 kwafika ukuqhubeka incwadi ukukhulisa abantwana babo phantsi kwegama "Siza kuqhubeka ukunxibelelana umntwana. Ngoko ke?". Zombini iindawo umdla ulwazi.

Umhlaba wokuhlahlelwa kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kufa abantwana ezintandane, olwenziwe emva leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi eYurophu naseMelika, zibe kunokucaciswa izizathu zonyango, yakhokelela kwisigqibo ukuba ngumphumo neemfuno ezingahlangabezwanga labantwana ingqalelo, ukunakekelwa abadala. Ixabiso yokunyamekela isizukulwana esitsha akufuneki kungajongelwa phantsi.

Julia B. okwesihlandlo sokuqala wasondela ingqalelo koko amagama abazali basebenzisa xa uphethe abantwana, nendlela oku kuchaphazela kuphuhliso lwabo. Akujongwanga ukuba ityala abantu abadala, kodwa usixelela indlela saqonda yi amakhwenkwe ibinzana uthethe kancinane kunye namantombazana. Kwaye aziwa, bayathatheka kakhulu. "Musa ukuba ngumongikazi," "Khangela ukuba umntu omthandayo!", "Nkqi ukuba izifundo", "Khawucinge nje, ingxaki!" - ibinzana aqhelekileyo. Ewisa kubo, ayikhe ithi ucinga ukuba sidanile abantwana bethu, wenza ukuba azive engento, obuphantsi, ukuba uthandabuze izakhono zabo.

Gippenreiter inikeza indlela yokuphuma - ukufunda esweni njani intetho yabo, ukuze endaweni "abantu ababi" magama "ezilungileyo" kwaye ibonisa ngumzekelo indlela yokuyenza. Le ncwadi iza kukunceda ukuba ukukhulisa umntwana, sifundise ukuba aveze zakhe iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo, kwaye nani - ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo zabo, ukuze ungabinako buhlungu usana.

Ross Campbell - "Indlela bathande ngokwenene abantwana babo"

Uhlabela mgama wathi iincwadi silungileyo ngabazali ngoku kuwe umbhali elandelayo. Ross Campbell - nogqirha, ugqirha zonyango, owayesebenza Psychological Centre Clinical e Tennessee yaye, ukongeza, uyise kubantwana abane. Xa umhlala-phantsi, wazibhokoxa ukuze ekuyilweni iincwadi ezahlukeneyo kwi bengqondo, ngokunjalo zokufundisela. Winner yesahlulo "Gold Medallion 'ukuze kuxhamle yimfundo abafikisayo wadala umsebenzi oqhelekileyo kubantwana, nto leyo gqolo kudidi iincwadi ephezulu ifanelekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana.

"Ukuthanda njani ngokwenene abantwana babo" - le ncwadi ixesha yahlola, okokuqala yaguqulelwa Russian ngo-1992. Oku igxininisa uthando na eyaziwayo ukusebenza ebalulekileyo. Isiseko nolwalamano oluhle umntwana - a lokwenene, uthando olungenamiqathango, ngaphandle apho akunakwenzeka ukufezekisa sithembele ngokupheleleyo macala kunye nokuqonda, ukusombulula iingxaki ngokwasemoyeni, uze ufundise umntwana wakho ukuba bathobele baze bahlonele abazali babo.

daze lakho Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba yena wayemthanda ngaphandle kwemiqathango, kungenjalo umntwana uba lurhoxisiwe, engakhuselekanga, ukuxhala. Esi sikhokelo sibonelela amacebiso aluncedo ngokuphathelele ukubonisa indlela iimvakalelo zabo, ingakumbi ngokudibana ngokwasemzimbeni, ingqalelo nengqeqesho.

Maria Montessori - "Ndincede ndiyenze ngokwam"

Incwadi i wengqondo Italian Maria Montessori inika indlela ekhethekileyo ifanelekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana, athandwa kakhulu kulo lonke ihlabathi. leminyaka Ngasekuqaleni, ezi izazinzulu indlela ekhethekileyo zokufundisa, apho abalandeli yasekwa kwenkulungwane yama-20 emva kwexesha, amawaka zezikolo kwihlabathi jikelele yadalwa. Ijolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umntwana ufumene indlela yayo ukubonisa sobuntu. UMaria Montessori - ummeli nezimvo yemfundo ezamahala, iintsingiselo zokufundisa evelayo Ekuveleni kwiinkulungwane 19-20. eMelika naseYurophu. Ingcamango ephambili yale ncwadi ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo kukuba umntwana kufuneka abonelele inkululeko amanyathelo nokuthetha, ngoko ke omdala akufuneki ziphazamise kwimisebenzi nemidlalo.

Umbhali usimema ukuba sigcine umntwana xa athe ukwenza umsebenzi othile. Luxanduva lwabazali - ukuba aququzelele nexesha lokuphola ixesha baby, amnike amathuba ezininzi kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi. Amava yale ndlela ngokumangalisayo HIV. Abantwana nje kuphela ndisiba ngokwasengqondweni, kodwa olucwangcisiweyo, abathobelayo, umbutho. Ukongeza umsebenzi umbhali, le ncwadi izihloko abalandeli kunye nabafundi bayo, nomnikelo amacebiso asebenzayo amacebo kwezemfundo.

Eda Le Shan - "Xa umntwana wakho uqhuba crazy"

Eda Le Shan, waseMelika isayikholojisti, i ezaziwa pedagogy. Yena ufumana emsebenzini wakhe ibangela ukuziphatha kakubi abantwana babo ngokuhlalutya onke, kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo ngazo nento ngokwesiseko amava unika iingcebiso kunye ukhokelo. Incwadi eda Le Shan inika abazali ithuba lokuba bajonge kubudlelwane mkhaya amehlo umntwana, ngokunjalo ibhaqa izitampu kule ukuziphatha abadala abanqwenela ukuba umntwana wabo abafundiswa kuluntu, ndayihluthwa ilungu ubuntu bakhe kuchaphazela izinto. Le ncwadana kwakhona uchaza njani uloyiko lwabazali kungachaphazela indlela abantwana, inika iingcebiso nakumelaneni ngemiphumo emibi.

Jean Ledloff - "Indlela yokutyala umntwana owonwabileyo"

Jean Ledloff - zengqondo American, isazinzulu umdla kakhulu. Nikela ukuba isifundo ngolwalamano phakathi kwabazali nabantwana, waya Umzantsi Melika waza wahlala khona iminyaka emibini enesiqingatha ezizweni amaIndiya omthonyama. Amava esiwafumene practice, wabonisa ukuba banxibelelane nabantwana njengoko kwixesha lakudala noobawo, ukumthemba intuition yakho, unako khula bonwabe kunye abathobelayo.

Le ncwadi umdla kakhulu, nezibakala ezichazwe kulo, maxa wambi zaqaqamba. Jean Ledloff ukholelwa ukuba uhlobo usinike ukukwazi ukukhulisa abantwana babo, kodwa kule mihla abazali bazama ecaleni nakuxanduva ngokunika abantwana babo xa ukulahlwa ootitshala, ootitshala, oogqirha. Kufuneka siphulaphule intuition wenu, niqonde ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba abantwana bethu ukuze bonwabe.

Donald Vuds Winnicott - "Incoko kunye nabazali"

kuba Uluhlu "Iincwadi Best kubazali" akayi epheleleyo ngaphandle kukhankanywa sale ncwadi. Sinikezelwa iintsana kunye nelungelo ukunxibelelana nabo. Umbhali ke psychoanalyst British onamava kakhulu, yaye uyakonwabela kwilizwe lethu zithandwa kakhulu ukuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inguqulelo yale ncwadana zibe Russian weza kunokuba emva kwexesha, kodwa into entsha elo xesha zange kutyhilwa psychoanalysis kunye neencwadi mihla kwi bengqondo umntwana imfundo, enyanisweni, musa ukunikela iingcamango ezintsha, ngoko zakudala kuhlala efanelekileyo.

Umbhali ihlaziya kuphela iingcinga kunye iintshukumisa kwiintsana, kodwa uchaza imeko nangokwasengqondweni oomama kwiinyanga zokuqala ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Ngeli xesha, umntwana ayide uyakwazi ukunxibelelana, awukwazi ukufundisa, ngoko alala nje usana ezingalweni apho kwaye uzama ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na.

Madeleine Deni - "Yenza bonwabe abantwana bethu"

Phantsi igama Madlen Deni lufihla inani French iinzululwazi sasebenza kunye nokudalwa imiqulu emihlanu bengqondo, isihloko edityanisiweyo "Yenza bonwabe abantwana bethu." Nababhali beencwadi nge ekukhuliseni abantwana wabelane nathi ngamava nanto. volume nganye ukuphawula ezahlukeneyo leengcali :. zengqondo, oogqirha babantwana, izazi zokudla, njalo njalo, kwaye lujoliswe ezahlukeneyo amaqela ubudala: iminyaka emi-3 ukuya ku-6, kwiminyaka emi-6 ukuya kwi-10 ukususela kowe-11 ukuya 16. Leyo iincwadi ezintathu abazinikele yobudala efanelekileyo isigaba, kunye nezinye ezimbini "Dream umntwana wakho ..." yaye "sivumelane kunye umntwana ..." zilufanele ekukhuliseni abantwana babo bonke ubudala. La maxwebhu azizikhokelo unako ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho, xa umntwana ukubukela umabonakude okanye ibhokisi iseti-phezulu kuthenga, ukuba bangathini na ebhedini, ngoko wakhawuleza waya kulala waza walala yoyi. Iincwadi unikeza ngobuchule kwimfundo, kwaye ngokwalo ivela njenge isifundo esithile eli xesha abazali bafanele bafunde.

nezinye iincwadi

Kwezintsuku uyakwazi ukufumana elininzi enye asikokukhulisa abantwana iincwadi, kwakunye ezahlukeneyo bhanya, izifundo, zocweyo neesemina ngalo mbandela. Abaninzi kubo ukugubungela ngezihloko ezithile. Umzekelo, ukuba une nabantwana ababini, kwaye ufuna ukuseka ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo, uya encwadini "Abazalwana noodade. Njani njani abantwana bakho ukuba bahlale ndawonye", exhaswa ngu Adele Faber kunye Elaine Mazlish. Ukuba ukhula unyana, ungakwazi ukufunda sikhokelo Naydzhel Latta "Synologiya. Oomama abakhulisa abantwana." Icacisa iimpawu zemfundo zamakhwenkwe kwengqondo yabo.