Umqambi Anton Rubinstein nemisebenzi yakhe

A igalelo elibonakalayo kuphuhliso inkcubeko zomculo Russian wenze Anton Rubinstein. Imisebenzi efana umzobo "Ondine", opera "Kristu", "nguDmitry Donskoy", "yiDemon", umbongo Symphonic "Faust," "Ivan Grozny" kunye nabanye abaninzi, umzisele ingqalelo kwihlabathi liphela. Kucingwa nguvulindlela kuphuhliso pianism. Uninzi iingoma eyenziwa nguye impumelelo enkulu, nkqu ngexesha lethu.

History of ebuntwaneni

Umbhali edumileyo, umqhubi kunye nomculo utitshala Anton Grigorevich Rubinshteyn. Biography waqala Novemba wayo 16, 1829 kwidolophana Vyhvatinets Podolia (Pridnestrovie) kwintsapho osisityebi yamaYuda. uyise, Grigoriy Romanovich, yaba umrhwebi izizukulwana ezimbalwa. Mama, Karelia Khristoforovna wayeyimvumi. Kwakhona, le mvumi enkulu oodade abancinane ababini kunye umzalwana. Xa Anton wayemalunga neminyaka emithathu ubudala, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eMoscow.

Ukuqala Umsebenzi lokudala

Ngenxa imvelaphi yokuqala ubuchule umculo hero yebali umama wethu kuqaliswa. Xa ndandineminyaka esixhenxe, Anton Rubinstein wathabatha izifundo umqambi owaziwayo AI Villuana, ngoko got izakhono ukudlala ipiyano. Umdlalo wokuqala xa eneminyaka elishumi uye wavula indlela eya udumo. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba umsebenzi onempumelelo waphuma, ehamba umthantamisi wakhe ukhenketho ikhonsati Europe.

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva Rubinstein intsapho yakowabo yafudukela Berlin. Apho waqhubeka ukufunda umculo, kodwa ngoku sele abe ngumfundisi odumileyo Zigfrid Den. Kulapha ukuba mvumi uselula wadibana ezibalaseleyo Feliksom Mendelsonom kunye Dzhakomo Meyerberom.

Xa Anton wayeneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe emva kokufa Pope kaThixo, unina wakhe kunye nomnakwabo omncinane wabuyela eMoscow, yaye Rubinstein wayeza kuhlala eVienna. Ubunokwazi ubomi, linika izifundo zomculo ngamnye abantwana abaphuma kumakhaya afumileyo.

Kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokuba nyathelo, kwakhona uza eRashiya. Hlala St. Petersburg, Anton Rubinstein ukwenza nokuqhuba. Kwakhona unika Ikonsathi zabucala kwinkundla yakomkhulu, ngubani na impumelelo enkulu. Kwakhona, ngeli xesha lakhe msebenzi yokudala into edibene abaqambi ezaziwayo-kakuhle cellists, ezifana MI Glinka, AS Dargomyzhsky, MY Wielhorsky, KB Schubert.

imisebenzi

Ngowe-1850 wabamba kusenziwa ngalo, apho ibali hero yethu bt xa umqhubi. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, wabhala enye opera kakhulu - "nguDmitry Donskoy". Kungekudala emva kokuba amava yokuqala sele njengoko umqambi Rubinshteyn Anton kudala imisebenzi olunye-isenzo ezintathu: ". Tommy le Msweli" "Ngaba ukuziphindezela", "abazingeli zaseSiberia" yaye Kwakhona ngeli xesha, wenza amanyathelo okuqala aluphumelelanga ukwenza iziko zomculo eSt Petersburg.

Ngowe-1854, Rubinstein wagqiba ekubeni bafudukele kwidolophu German ka Weimar, kukho iyazazi Liszt, ngubani inceda naye opera. Ebusika 1854 umqambi owenza ikonsathi kwi Gewandhaus, ophela nge kuwakrobela enkulu. Emva kwale mpumelelo, yena uya olukhenketho kwikonsathi elilandelayo kwizixeko ezikhulu ezifana Vienna, Munich, Hamburg, Nice.

Amazing

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ekufikeni kwakhe eRashiya, Anton Rubinstein walathisa zonke iinzame zayo emva kokuvulwa Russian Musical Society. Kwaba apha, ukwenza umsebenzi, wenza njengoko umqhubi orchestra. Ukongeza, umqambi akayeki bhasi yayo amazwe. Emva kokuba kuvulwe iiklasi kwabakho ngokuhlanganisa kwiNkampani le somculo yokuqala Russian. Famous yano Rubinstein waba nje enye yeenkokeli zayo yokuqala, kodwa umqhubi orchestra choir, unjingalwazi ipiyano kunye namalungiselelo.

Ngowe-1867 ngenxa ukungavisisani enxulumene indima esikolweni umculo akuyivula kwaqutyiswana nawo malunga ngokulinganayo ezaziwayo-kakuhle amanani zomculo belo xesha, ishiya isithuba lomlawuli.

umsebenzi omkhulu

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, Anton Rubinstein ubhala umsebenzi omkhulu - "yiDemon". Yaba censors akhe akazange avumele ukuba eminye iminyaka emine. Okwangoku, i Umqambi yintloko Ikonsathi le "Society of Friends of Music eVienna."

Ngowe-1873 waya kubona eMelika kunye Genrikom Venyavskim (ivayolin). Ukubuyela emva konyaka kwi Peterhof, umqambi babhala yeSine kunye Fifth symphony ngenxa umculo "IiMaccabees" yaye "I-Merchant Kalashnikov".

Kwiminyaka 1885-1886, uthotho eekonsathi zembali lebyi kwizixeko Central Yurophu, eyayinesihloko phantse yonke kusebenzela ipiyano wedwa. Emva konyaka, Rubinstein kwakhona ukuba isikhundla esiphezulu kwi somculo.

November 8, 1894, lo gama Peterhof, Anton Grigorevich Rubinshteyn wafa. Yena wangcwatyelwa kwi Necropolis, abaculi emangcwabeni.

impumelelo

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, indima enkulu kuphuhliso lwesikolo umculo yokuqala eRashiya wenze Anton Rubinstein. Ngobomi yale ndoda ephawulekayo ibonisa ukuba ubomi bakhe bonke angaphambi i umlweli yembono ukuba imfundo lenkcubeko yabantu. Ngoko ke, loo nto kwakhona kubhekwa umsunguli kwemfundo umculo. abafundi bakhe abantu abaziwayo ezifana PI Tchaikovsky, J. Hoffmann, GA Laroche.

Phantse zonke iintlobo umculo iquka ilifa ezinobuchule Anton Rubinstein. Ubuciko, ebhalwe nguye, baba imizekelo ecacileyo opera Russian lyric.

Ngoko ke, ngenxa yobomi bakhe yonke wabhala inani elikhulu imisebenzi, kuquka opera-15, symphony ezintandathu, oratorios ezintlanu kunye concertos ukuba ipiyano kunye okhestra, ngaphezu kwama-120 ukuthandana kunye iingoma, ngaphezulu kwama-200 yemisebenzi ukuze ipiyano.

Kwakhona yaphumelela uvavanyo yakhe umbhali ezinye iincwadi, ezifana "amabali ngokuphila," "Umculo kunye nabameli balo," "Le bhokisi okucinga". In kubo umbhali ochazwe ekuhleni obujonga ngayo ubomi, umculo kunye nemisebenzi Indalo Abaqambi ezininzi adumileyo elidlulileyo kunye langoku.

Ngoko ke, singatsho kakuhle ukuba igalelo elikhulu kwinkcubeko musical wenze Anton Rubinstein. Ngobomi yale ndoda omkhulu kubonisa ukuba wavula indlela yokuba imisebenzi yakhe ukuba ukudala imisebenzi emikhulu.

Ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe, yena wawongwa Order "Kuba nempikiswano endle yobuciko nesayensi."