Umhlaza gum: inkcazelo, oonobangela, iimpawu, kunye nenqanaba ethile zonyango

Nangezilonda ephuhlisa em- yomlomo, iinkqubo amabi. Ukuze ube nje kwizihlunu ezithambileyo, kodwa Kwathi emhlathini.

definition

Umhlaza iintsini - sesinye sezifo oqhelekileyo kwisisu ngomlomo. Lubonakala yi ukuvela iinkqubo eziphantsi-esemgangathweni, apho ibekwe inwebu yangaphakathi. Basengozini enkulu yokuba amadoda eliqina nangaphezulu, kunye nabo ngaphambili ubunzima ukusuka ezahlukeneyo kwezifo zamazinyo.

Ukuba washiya lunganyangwa, inkqubo isifo iyingozi iqala liqhele kwaye kuchaphazela amalungu ngaphezulu kunye namalaphu. Ukuba le ngxaki kukuba ukubaleka, ngoko kwixesha elizayo uya metastases, emva koko ukunyuka izinga lokufa.

izizathu

Imbonakalo yamathumba kunokubangela:

• phambi izinyo carious;
• iinkqubo arhabaxa;
• ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunye icuba;
• ucoceko ngomlomo abahluphekayo
• umonakalo yamazinyo.

Kwakhona zithandwa kakhulu kwesi sifo abantu babe ulwimi mini. Njengoko yaziwa, le uhombiso kubangela umonzakalo kwisisu ngomlomo, emva koko usulelo zisuswe ngokubonakalayo zaziswa zaza zahanjiswa, yaye emva koko ebangela iintsini umhlaza.

isigaba

Kukho izigaba ezine sifo:

1. Ithumba ufikelela ubukhulu 1 cm kwaye igcinwe kule nwebu yangaphakathi.
2. Neoplasm ikhula ukuya ku-2 cm ububanzi yaye 1 cm ezinzulu kwaye ukuya ngaphaya emzimbeni. Kwi langoku metastases sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi icala 1.
3. Ukubekwa 3 cm. Roots kunokuba yinto, okanye ke nje eqala Ulihlanganisele esiludumbo nkovu kunye neendawo yentshabalalo.
4. Metastases zinto kwisisu amathambo kobuso yaba lukakayi, kwemithambo carotid. Kwakhona banako ukufikelela amalungu omzimba ezifana isibindi nemiphunga. Kweli nqanaba kunzima ukunyanga umhlaza ngasezintsinini.

I lokuqala sifo uzenza ngayo. Ithumba, nto leyo eyandisa bakhele ancedisana, Oluma kwalapho, itshabalalisa umsebenzi amalungu ezininzi kwaye ubangela iintlungu, apho kunzima kakhulu ukuzinyamezela.

iimpawu

Isigulo kunokuzibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kunzima ukubona. Kodwa ndiyarhana ubukho yamathumba kunye kungase nomonde, ukuba elibeke esweni impilo yabo. Ngumqondiso ophambili womntu ohlaselwe phambi umhlaza ke iindumbisa iintsini, nto leyo rhoqo kuyanda. Konke kuza yokuba kummandla ochaphazelekayo kuba kukhulu ngokwaneleyo kwaye iqalisa ukuba compress amazinyo ezikufutshane, nto leyo ebangela ubuhlungu eyoyikekayo, apho badla ukuya kwagqirha.

Ngaphezu koko, uphawu livela emlonyeni, leyo ashintshe nombala. Lidla le ndawo singqongwe izilonda ezincinane okanye neentanda. Unakho ukubona igazi, ukuba nje kancinane ukuba angamchukumisi yalapho. Iintsini baba buhlungu. Ekuqaleni, esiyicingayo zalapha, kodwa emva kwexesha kunzima isigulane ukuvula umlomo.

Ezibonakalayo, eli ithumba ingachazwa ukuma elitsha ngombala obomvu kunye namaziko ezimhlophe, apho ibekwe phezu kwizihlunu ngomlomo. Esi sifo lidla kubhidaniswe leykoplaksiey, eritroplaksiey, izilonda okanye gingivitis, kodwa ngokutsho iimpawu ezithile (over-izilonda komhlaba kunye nobuninzi imithambo yegazi) baqinisekile ukuba umhlaza intsini. Ezi mpawu zichazwe ngasentla, zahlukahlukene kakhulu kwaye uyabaphazamisa nkqu ezininzi kangaka yomguli, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ingqalelo kuye ukuba bangenele iimviwo rhoqo koogqirha.

ekuxilongweni

Ukuthintela sifo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukutyelela ugqirha wamazinyo qho emva kweenyanga ezintandathu. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba esweni ngokuzimeleyo isifo, yaye kwimeko ukufumana iziganeko ibitheni kubonakala kwangoko kwimizobo.

Ukuba oogqirha ukrokrela ukuba ithumba, lucebisa:

• ndwendwela i somdlavuza;
• bangenele uviwo cytological, nto leyo yenzelwa uphendlo kweeseli Nedlac;
• a biopsy ukumisela uhlobo sifo;
• ukuqhuba-X-reyi, leyo ukungqinelana okanye ukuchasa oko ubukho metastases kwi mandible.

Umhlaza Gum kunzima ukubona, ngoko izifundo ngasentla ziya kunceda kule, kwakunye unyango olusa phambili, nto leyo yabelwa kuphela bezifo endaweni enjalo.

Ngubani na amaninzi uyagula?

Le ngxaki kuchaphazela abo kakubi utywala kwaye ezingapheliyo iingxaki iintsini okanye amazinyo. Kwakhona kakubi ngumntu ezingachanekanga okanye akukho unonophelo lwezempilo, ukungabikho amazinyo okanye zamazinyo kakuhle wenza, isifo esibuhlungu. Umhlaza Gum isikakhulu ndikho neentshayi, abathandi ukuhlafuna amagqabi ibetel kunye nabo, ukwenzakala kwisisu ngomlomo. Le ngxaki ukufumana abantu papillomavirus kunye ne-herpes, kwakunye bathanda ukutya ukutya kushushu kwaye okuneziqholo kakhulu.

imilo

Esi sifo kuvela uxakaxa ngeendlela ezintathu:

• kuvela umhlaza wenze njengoko amanxeba Ndinencam ezitsolo yaye ophela xa zadibana ibhrashi yamazinyo okanye xa sicinezelweyo.
• Papillary - seal kuvela amaqhuma.
• Infiltrative - inkqubo ungena, Akukho imida, kukho intlungu ngamandla nokuba baphumle.

Nganye kwezi fom liyingozi, kuba ingxaki sele langoku, kwaye kuhle ukuba basebenzise uncedo lonyango kwinqanaba lokuqala.

unyango

Umhlaza iintsini, unyango apho kunzima, iyapheliswa ngezigaba ezithathu:

• utyando;
• therapy radiation;
• chemotherapy.

Ngexesha kotyando, oogqirha kunqunyulwa ithumba nomonde nezihlunu athambileyo angqonge (yangaphakathi, izihlunu kunye neempahla yegazi). Izinto ezinokususwa ithunyelwe iimvavanyo kwelebhu. Bayakwazi ukubonisa indlela inkqubela kwaye akude kangakanani isifo sele iphumile. Ukuba Ithumba iye yanwenwa kwemihlathi, oogqirha susa unxantathu submandibular.

therapy Imitha iyakwenziwa phambi ukusebenza nasemva kokuba. In lwalo yokuqala, zombini kuwa phantsi zokukhanya ka nyama ngeenxa kunye ithumba, kunye yesibini - kummandla apho nethumba khona. Amaxesha amaninzi, le nkqubo ochazwe njenge izifo phinda zothintelo, kuba nako ukugqiba.

Chemotherapy 'yesitshixo sele inikezelwe kwi kwabo izigulane abo ukususwa gum umhlaza akwenzeki, ngenxa yokuba kukho Izimo ukuze uqhaqho. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, esetyenziselwa ezongeziweyo radiotherapy ukwandisa isiphumo.

Ngalo mzuzu ugqirha emiselweyo amalungiselelo unyango (izitofu okanye njengezingxobo) ezo kakuhle zinqanda ukukhula iiseli ezimbi kwaye bababulale yinxalenye encinane. Ezi ziquka imithi:
platinum;

• anthracyclines;
• epipodophyllotoxins;
• vinca sezakhi.

Ngelo xesha lokudlula ugqirha emiselweyo kwizigulana nemithi, njengoko phantsi kwempembelelo iipilisi omeleleyo kuncitshiswa sifo, luvula ufikelelo iintsholongwane ezininzi kunye nosulelo unyango. Ukwenzela ukuxhasa umzimba kwi qwa, emiselweyo ikhosi lweziqalelo zokulanda umkhondo luncedo kunye neevithamini. Kweli nqanaba, kucetyiswa ingqalelo ngakumbi ukuze ukutya kwabo adle kuphela ukutya okunempilo ukuze sikwazi ukunceda ekulweni nezifo.

Kucetyiswa iindlela Classical unyango ukudibanisa kunye amayeza angamanye. Ukolulwa Various, imithi, kunye Oluma kunye ngamanzi ngokusekelwe imifuno amayeza ukuphucula kakhulu impilo yomlomo kunye nokomeleza umzimba uphela.

Njengoko nabanye imihlaza, umhlaza seentsini ukuba ziphinde zenzeke. Ukwenzela ukuphepha uhluleka, isigulane kufuneka ihlolwe kwaye ukuba unikele ngegazi zabamakishi ithumba kwiinyanga ezi-5 emva kokuba unyango, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ngaphambi koko. Oku kuxhomekeke kubungakanani esi sifo.

ukuvimbela

Ukuze ukunciphisa isenzeko enokubakho njengepesenti ithumba, kuyimfuneko ukwenza iinkqubo elula:

• ngononophelo kunye nokhathalelo ngokupheleleyo ngomlomo;
• ingqalelo inkqubo ngokutya ukutya, kwakunye ukuba ukwakhiwa iimveliso kunye neempawu zazo;
• kuphelisa imikhwa emibi kunye nomsebenzi kunye komsi eziyingozi;
• ukuthobela iingcebiso zonyango unyango iingxaki zamazinyo;
• usebenzisa intlama umgangatho kwaye usebenzise.

Kufuneka utyelele amaxesha 2 ngonyaka, ugqirha oya kuba nako ukuhlola imeko zomlomo kwaye ucebise amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukugcina zempilo eqhelekileyo.

Outlook

Ithuba ukunyanga isifo kuxhomekeke eqongeni apho sifo. Nokuba iimpawu zomhlaza gum kwafunyanwa ekuqalekeni, hayi zonke izigulane baphathwa ngoko nangoko ukuba uncedo lwezonyango, kwaye mpazamo zazo eziphambili. Isifo nzima into yokuba yonke le nto idla iye icinywe njengoko iziphumo iingxaki zamazinyo. Emva hambo nokususwa uvuliwe yaye kakuhle bayosuleleka, leyo ibalekisa ukwanda somhlaza.

Phezu kwayo yonke le nto, izinga lokusweleka iphantsi kakhulu. Iinkcukacha-manani zibonisa ukuba umlinganiselo kwiminyaka 5-6 ukuze siphile:

• 1-2 amanyathelo 80%;
• 3 - 40%;
• 4 - 15%.

Ukuba elumkileyo ukucwangcisa unyango, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuphumeza uxolelo angaphezu kwama-30% amatyala.