Umgaqo kwezinto

Ibe umgaqo kaGalileo ka ikakhulu kwalutyhutyha inkqubo ngoomatshini. Uveze ukuba akukho imifuniselo mechanical akukwazeki ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba le nkqubo uphumle okanye efanayo isindululo rectilinear kunye nemeko. Ngamanye amazwi, xa sisenza inertial eyahlukileyo Ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo (kunye esebenzayo imikhosi inertia) zeemvavanyo ezifanayo zomatshini, iziphumo ziya kuba efanayo.

UGalileo waphawula ukuba ubuchwephetshe bokuba intshukumo, kodwa kunoko yokungqubana, impembelelo, amaqokobhe eziphaphazelayo kunye nezinye iziganeko ukunika enye iziphumo: kwiilebhu efanayo eshukumayo rectilinear, yaye baphumle.

Chaza isimiso ngomatshini ka banokuba mzekelo ulandelayo. Makhe sicinge ukuba isithuthi omnye wabo ekudleni ngaphandle uyothuka, oko kukuthi, ngesantya njalo rhoqo. Ke yonke into ligutyungelwe inkungu eshinyeneyo obukhulu kangangokuba inani kungabonwa nto. Umbuzo ngulo: ngaba abakhweli kwi isithuthi ukuba nguwuphi na kubo ihambisa? Ngaba siya kubanceda, ukwenza imifuniselo kwi ubucukubhede?

Kubonakala ukuba kulo mzekelo, abakhweli nga bagcine kuphela isindululo isalamane. Nangona yonke imithetho yendlela kunye nemithetho Ukongeza kumda wesangqa wayila ilabhoratri uhambisa, kodwa musa ukubonisa, "musa" phezu kwayo nayiphi na isiphumo kule ntshukumo. Umgaqo ka ibonisa ukuba akukho imifuniselo mechanical ayiphumelelanga ibhaqe i rectilinear olufanayo isindululo inkqubo reference kuthelekiswa iinkwenkwezi kunye nelanga. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo eshukumayo ireferensi isizalwane olukhawulezisiweyo ukuya iinkwenkwezi ilanga nefuthe kwiziphumo imifuniselo.

UkwangowaseGalili kwezinto mgaqo ukukhanda, kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Akukho namnye zeenkqubo waseGalili ayikwazi kuqala ngo-siseko, nangona ngendlela esisebenza ngayo kucetyiswa ukuqwalasela isakhelo ethile reference okukhethwayo ngokuxhomekeke meko.

Ngoko ke, ngokuba ekhwele kule moto nokulungelelanisa inkqubo, nto leyo inxulumene umatshini iya kuba isakhelo of reference zendalo kakhulu, ngaphezu koko lu dityanisiwe endleleni. Kunye nenkqubo nevuthisayo ke, kuya kuba mnandi kakhulu ukuba umntu ubukele intshukumo emotweni, wema kufuphi endleleni. Iinkqubo ezahlukene ukulingana yaseGalili udandalaziso leyo ichazwe into yokuba utshintsho phakathi kweenkqubo zikhona ifomula ezifanayo kodwa kuphela ixabiso elitshintshayo elahliweyo lixabiso le Velocity isalamane.

Umgaqo ka kuqwalaselwa ukusuka kwindawo umbono yeefom, kodwa esilingana enjalo iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo yesiphene kunye namandla. Lo mgaqo ezaziwa kwezinto.

Kukho kwakhona umgaqo okhethekileyo, nto leyo isebenza kuzo zonke ophathekayo, hayi nje kuphela kwi intshukumo ngoomatshini. kubume bayo usendleleni yokuba zonke iinkqubo isilungelelanisi ezihambayo xa kuthelekiswa nabanye ngokufanayo kwaye rectilinearly, naziphi ophathekayo zenzeka ngokulinganayo, yaye naziphi na amalinge emzimbeni ukunika iziphumo ezifanayo.

Esi sikhundla ichazwa njenge umgaqo ekhethekile ka, njengoko inxulumene iimeko ezizodwa iyunifom motion rectilinear. Kulo mzekelo, yonke imithetho khangela okufanayo zombini Ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo ezinxulumene iinkwenkwezi, kwakunye naziphi na ezinye iinkqubo ukuba sihambe ngokufanayo kumgca isalamane ngqo iinkwenkwezi.

Kukho kwakhona umgaqo jikelele ngakumbi ukuba ibandakanya iimeko Ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo kunye motion ngokukhawuleza. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-siseko jikelele ka.