Ukuhlelwa computer. Ifumaneka kwi sakhiwo

Virus kuthiwa uhlobo olulodwa lweenkqubo zekhompyutha eziqulathe ekuthiwa-ikhowudi ngolunya. Ukuhlelwa computer, apho kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi, kumba kakhulu. Enye into kukuba Qinisekisa - inkalo uphawu zonke iinkqubo eyingozi kukuba ukukwazi kwabo nokuzala. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iintsholongwane ziyingozi kuba bekwazi ukwenza iintlobo izenzo olithandayo ngaphandle kolwazi lomntu, ngaloo ndlela ebangela umonakalo software yekhompyutha.

Ngoko computer. yokuhlelwa kwazo Kuthi embhoxo a systematization olunzulu kunye eneenkcukacha kwendlela eziphilayo. computer udinga ndinisa ukuba inkqubo ethile. Yenza kube lula, ngokusekelwe ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

- imvelo;

- mzila usulelo ukuba kakhulu okusingqongileyo;

- iintlobo ezahlukeneyo samakhono elimandundu;

- iimpawu indlela yesenzo kwale ntsholongwane.

Kungoku ke ndithi ngayo inkalo nganye ngokweenkcukacha.

Yokuhlala. Ukwahlukanisa computer

Kufuneka lungohlulwa lube zezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

iintsholongwane Ifayile. Bona bayakwazi ukusebenza xa iifayile zomsebenzi. Ngokomzekelo, *. Bat, * .DLL, *. Sys, * exe, * .com.

iintsholongwane Boot. Ahlasele disk kwicandelo yokuqalelisa (Boot-kwicandelo) okanye kwicandelo elithile equka inkqubo umlayishi hard diski, ebizwa ngokuba yi- Master Boot Record.

iintsholongwane Macro. Onyuswe ngaphakathi kwinkqubo kwaye isebenzisa kuthiwa imacros zesikocan (umz, Excel, iLizwi).

Kufuneka kwakhona ukulibala ukuba kukho iintsholongwane zidityanisiwe. Njengomgaqo, ngamazulu uhlobo multipartite nesifo ngqo kuphela iifayile ngokwabo, kodwa icandelo lendlela yokuqalelisa ikhompyutha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi iintsholongwane zinendlela kunokuba nzima amanyathelo, kwaye isoloko yakhiwe ngendlela efana ndzulu inkqubo kangangoko kunokwenzeka indlela yokuqala, ezithintela ozibonayo ekhawulezileyo.

Iindlela osulelo. Ukwahlukanisa computer

Abahlala. Le RAM bashiya ingxenye yazo ongumhlali. Oko emva kokuba ixesha ukulawula ngokupheleleyo indlela yokusebenza. Ezi iintsholongwane ahlale esebenzayo ekunene ukuya ngokutsha okanye cima ikhompyutha.

Non-umhlali. Kuyinto phantse ikopi ngqo kwabo edlulileyo, kodwa musa ukosulela inkumbulo, yaye busebenza ezithile kwixesha kuphela ethile, ngokuqhelekileyo eliqingqiweyo ixesha.

Ukuhlelwa computer, anikwe amandla iyingozi

Engenabungozi. Ngokuqinisekileyo awukuchaphazeli ukusebenza ifowuni yakho. Kuphela minus - ngokukhawuleza yazandlala nokunciphisa ubungakanani imemori simahla kwi hard drive yakho.

Non-enobungozi. Ichaphazela isixa imemori simahla, kwaye umtsalane ezahlukeneyo iziqhamo, njengoko imizobo umthetho, isandi okanye.

Okuyingozi. Zibangela ukuphazamiseka kakhulu ekusebenzeni iinkqubo.

Ultra-enobungozi. Kungakhokelela ekulahlekeni lweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ndizitshabalalise data, ukucima ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukugqibezela umsebenzi.

Iintlobo computer ngokusekelwe indlela yayo yesenzo

Ngamagciwane Companion. Yenza ifayile-Hewana yeefayile EXE. Igama uhlala efanayo, kodwa ulwandiso kutshintshwe COM. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa usenza olu didi lwefayile DOS ekuqaleni ukubona nokwenza ifayile COM, ie gciwane.

Virusy- "ntshulube." Bona omnye ezahlukeneyo iintsholongwane naye. Yenza ikopi yakho, awusebenzi reception COM EXE kule meko.

Olwaye lwamfimfitha ikhompyutha. Oku kuquka bonke abo iintsholongwane, nto leyo ngenxa yesizathu esithile akukho sezandleni nokuba kwicandelo wokuqala okanye wesibini eli qela.

iintsholongwane Network. Baziwa ukukwazi ukungena kwikhompyutha nge nxibelelwano kwaye ithumele iikopi zayo. Ayingeni kwizibonelelo isixhobo.

iintsholongwane Polymorphic. Musa ziqulathe rhoqo kummandla cola, atshintsha rhoqo, ngoko zihlelwa kwabo nzima ukubona.

iintsholongwane Macro. Ziphatha iinkqubo abhalwe kulo naluphi na ulwimi olunye ethile.