Isishwankathelo i "Iliad" Kucetyiswa njengenxalenye yekharityhulam yesikolo kunye jikelele self-uphuhliso, ngenxa yobunzima yokuqala. Ibali lisukela emva eGrisi yamandulo, ngexesha amaqhawe kunye namabali. Ibhalwe ngu imbongi imfama, "Iliad" Homer uya elide iyanditya iingqondo mbali kunye zobulumko Izichasi labo kunye nokubaluleka.
Intshayelelo. tie
Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde ukuba imveliso ibotshelelwe Nowujikeleza umzi ka Troy, okanye ngenye "Ilios", ithatha kuyo igama layo "I-Iliad." Isishwankathelo inxalenye yokuqala kulula ukudlulisela kumagama ambalwa: umthetheli Troy Paris kunye nomzalwana wakhe Hector watyelela utyelelo enobuntu Menelaus, ukumkani Sparta. Paris, ndiyamangaliswa kukuphinda-ubuhle bomfazi wayo Menelaya Eleny, uhenda kwaye uthatha ukuba Troy, ukuba unako msulwa. Ukusuka kule ndawo kukho ikhefu :. Luninzi amaqhawe ezifana Odysseus, Ajax, Achilles, kunye nabanye, ngenkxaso ithi ezininzi encedisayo kunye ezintlwini singqingiwe njalo ke isixeko asengozini. Ngemihla wokuqala zokungqinga anihlasele Achilles uyayonakalisa itempile uthixo-umxhasi Troy, yintoni, ngokwesithethe liyakulahla kuye ekufeni. Kwiintsuku ezilandelayo kukho umlo hero of Troy, Hector, kunye kaPatroclus, enxibe isikrweqe Achilles, kulandele ukufa kaPatroclus revenge kanye Achilles.
Ingxenye main. nasekuxinweni
"Iliad", isishwankathelo apho ubuncinane kufuneka lubandakanye iziganeko ezinkulu xesha, ayikwazanga ngoyaba inkcazelo ungquzulwano: elide, nasekuxinweni engeyanto kunye lithemba amadoda lonke Greece phambi kokuba ubukhulu iindonga ukungafi. Into elandelayo inkcazo edabini kunye iingxwelerha ezininzi kumacala omabini alwayo, kwakunye imfazwe Menelaus kunye eParis, apho eParis, lihlazo, uHector wasinda, ukuba amajoni bacaphuke kuphela. Trojans babuyela iindonga zesixeko waza waqhubeka nasekuxinweni. Kodwa ubuqili Odiseem, ekube wokuqala ukufumana indlela yokuphuma iimeko ezinzima, oko yaqanjwa isicwangciso ukungena kweso sixeko.
horse Trojan. umphumela
Vumela bambalwa abantu abalaziyo igama lo mbongo, kodwa ke ngenxa isiqephu kunye nehashe isikhupheli seTrojan ebizwa i "Iliad", apho isishwankathelo ichazwe apha, sehla saya embalini njenge feat. amajoni baseSamariya ndawonye ibandla ezinqanaweni amaplanga ihashe omkhulu washiywa njengesipho bathathu eliphumelelayo. Le catch yaba ukuba efihliweyo ngaphakathi ihashe amajoni elinesibini embalwa, ulungele ebusuku, emva kumbhiyozo woloyiso, vula emasangweni umkhosi omkhulu, fihla emva ematyeni kunxweme. Xa kuqala ebusuku uTroy wawa phantsi Ukuhlasela yamaGrike atyhoboza, angena esixekweni kwaye kuphela ezimbalwa Trojans ngokulambisa elwandle. Ngokutsho legend, oko kubo eRoma yasekwa. Ekulweni efanayo wawa, kunye Achilles omkhulu, i bachaphazelekayo utolo Paris kuphela indawo buthathaka - isithende.
UPawulos
Ngoko ke, oko ukufundisa yaye yintoni na onokumxelela i "Iliad"? Isishwankathelo, Kakade, awukwazi ukuveza yonke intsingiselo esityalwe umbhali walo mbongo, kodwa ezi Liziziqendwana ezibonisa imbali kwanele ukuqonda ukuba amandla akusoloko uyawongamela enamandla ngaphantsi nakukwazi maxa wambi na umntu ukuba uloyiso, kodwa umntu usizi olukhulu. Uluvo oluphambili ebalini kuxhomekeke yokuba nangona idabi wenzeka ixesha elide kakhulu, inkumbulo yokusebenza omkhulu amaqhawe uya kuphila ngonaphakade; yaye, ngathi koothixo yexesha lakhe, ukuba usaphila, kodwa bona andiwulibalanga.