Speech iiklasi therapy yabantwana iminyaka 3-4: olona ethwele. Ezi umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka 3-4

Abantwana bafunda ukunxibelelana nabantu abadala kunye ethetha kunyaka wokuqala wobomi, kodwa akusoloko ngokucacileyo nangokuchanekileyo iphunyelelwe kwaye pronunciation ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu. Kudla enkulisa apho umntwana efunda ukuthetha phakathi ulingana kakhulu kwaye kakhulu kwandisa isigama, ulwazi kunye nokuqonda, babe nxaxheba unwitting kwinkqubo ukubandakanyeka uthetha usana. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba isantya yophuhliso lobugcisa kunye nolwazi abantwana malunga electronics, izixhobo computing bayayenza ukuqala intloko kubantu abadala, kodwa izakhono zolwimi eziseleyo kude ngasemva. Kwaye eneminyaka iminyaka emine okanye emihlanu, umntwana maxa wambi nako nje kuphela ukubiza izandi ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa nokucacisa ingcinga.

Ukuvumelana bezifo, kwengqondo kunye iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yokuthetha, pathologists intetho enye: umntwana kufuneka awunakunqamla ukufikelela imidlalo yekhompyutha kunye mhlawumbi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kufakwe imidlalo ongaphandle, izixhobo zokufundisa kunye nemidlalo zemfundo: yebhingo, Dominoes, iiphazili, ukuzoba, ngumzekelo, isicelo, njalo-njalo. d. Ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe umntwana lonke ixesha, kangangoko oku kunokwenzeka ukukhuthaza iimvakalelo loyolo, uvuyo, badumise impumelelo nganye entsha indlela echanekileyo gqolo ukuqeqesha izihlunu inkalakahla, ulwimi, imilebe nomqala.

Izinto ezibangela ukuphazamiseka intetho

Ukuba umntwana ukuxelela engaphantsi kweminyaka engamashumi amabini amagama alula, kuyimfuneko ukuba banikele ingqalelo kule ndlela nxibelelwano luqhubekayo usapho lenkulu kunye omncinane, isiqalo psychological oqhelekileyo usapho, ubudlelwane usapho kunye neendlela yokukhulisa abantwana.

Ukuba ngokwembono ngengqondo ngayo isimo sengqondo yomntwana okulungileyo, ukuva nobukrelekrele olo alunamakhwiniba, unyango kwintetho neeklasi zabantwana iminyaka 3-4 ubudala uya alungise pronunciation, kwaye kuvumela umntwana ukufunda ukuthetha ngendlela efanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza.

Ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yezizathu eziliqela zizigulo zemithambo, ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni intetho ukuguqulela lube yinto ethile.

Oku kunokubangelwa yentlupheko isigama, pronunciation ephosakeleyo kwamagama, ukudideka kwi iiclamps okanye kutshintsho lobeko samalunga zinokuba iimpawu kunye nezinga yokuthetha.

Iintlobo zokuphula kuphuhliso intetho yomntwana

iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yokuthetha yahlula ukuphazamiseka intetho kule hypoplasia phonetic-yezandi intetho (xa ukuginyile izikhamiso kumvakalisa consonants nzima okanye ethambileyo, njalo njalo), umba wokungaphuhliswa jikelele zentetho kunye neentlobo ezithile endalo ngomlomo iingxaki:

• Alalia.
• Dysgraphia.
• Dyslexia.
• Dysarthria.
• Dyslalia.
• Manghanghamela.
• Aphasia.
• Rhinolalia kunye nezinye iintlobo, ohlobo ukunyhashwa.

Indlela ukufumanisa nentetho engekho mgaqweni

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abantwana abalindelekanga ngokulinganayo ziphuhliswe kwabantwana abancinane, ngoko lokuhlela ngako nakuphi na ukwaphulwa phantsi iimpawu zempilo ezixhaphakileyo lwangaphandle kunzima. Xa ingqalelo ngenyameko wabonakala elincinane ilungu losapho ukuphazamiseka abazali kunye nabantwana abadala onokubonwa.

Qala unyango kwintetho neeklasi zabantwana 3-4 iminyaka, xa ngokuqhelekileyo kwasekwa isigama esithile, yaye ngokubonakalayo xa enxibelelana umntwana okanye zinyanzeleke ukuba bafune izyasneniyu iimfuno neminqweno ngomlomo, hayi gesticulation. Zengqondo ukuba ubudala kuba ukukhula buqu kunye neefom ezintsha zokucinga kunye ungubani umntwana kwenza umdla ozokwenza ukuncokola, ingakumbi ukunxibelelana noontanga. Ngenxa yokuba abantwana safundisana ngamnye ezinye ngakumbi kuchazwe ngokucacileyo ngendlela ukudlala zendalo, kwaye utshintshe isigama, kunye ngokulandelelana, kwaye intetho yomntwana yiminyaka 3-4 ubudala.

test unyango kwintetho abazali - ikhwelo lokuba kusetyenzwe

Iimvavanyo ezibonelela iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yokuthetha, unako ukuqinisekisa inqanaba lomonakalo okanye adize akukho ukungaqheleki xa umntwana. Amaxesha amaninzi ixesha enikelwe izifundo, ethwele umntwana, yena nenzala zibandakanywa ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi kwaye emva kokuba ixesha elifutshane ukuze bathethe ngcono kwaye ichanekile kakhulu. Ukuba iingxaki intetho kodwa ezichongiweyo, abazali kufuneka bazi ukuba basoloko lula efanele ukulungiswa, ukuba umntwana imithambo ziqhutywa nje kuphela iqela Defectology intetho therapist, kodwa ekhaya.

Oko kuquka izifundo unyango kwintetho

Iikhosi iiklasi unyango engqondweni kunye nentetho yabantwana baby iminyaka 3-4 ubudala ukufunda ngexesha elifanayo olwenziwa nje kuphela ngengqiqo ngomlomo, kuba iinkqubo ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo, imisebenzi yokuthetha, izakhono motor kwi sakhiwo kufuneka zenziwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• Kufuneka ukuba kuphuhliswe izakhono motor eqhelekileyo, ecikizekileyo (ukunceda apha imikrolo, ukuzoba, lothuli, okona kuqhwaba, ucinezelo neminwe cam pat unclamping, lacing, amaqhosha-nto leyo yaluphuthisayo ulawulo amaqhosha);
• kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukuphuhlisa kunye sokuthetha motility (umthambo rhoqo ukuba izihlunu ulwimi, imilebe, umqala kunye nenkalakahla);
• ukulungisa pronunciation ephilileyo, uqulungqo oluchanekileyo izandi zentetho therapist;
• nokulungisa iimpazamo amagama kunye noqeqesho isingqisho, olugudileyo zentetho kunye amagama.

Indlela imithambo unyango kwintetho luncedo

Inkcazelo iiklasi unyango kwintetho abantwana iminyaka 3-4 iquka imisebenzi unxibelelwano mandatory ukuze amkhulule spasm kwezihlunu nethoni, uqheliso ngentshukumo ezingashukumiyo zosetyenziso ngokudibana ulwimi, imilebe, iiengile kwemihlathi izihlunu asezantsi, esidleleni, imithambo ngomnwe kunye nezakhono motor ecikizekileyo, maxa wambi Reflexology umyalezo. Ngexesha lezifundo zokulungisa abantwana bafunde amagama lomhlaba, ukuphuhlisa izakhono motor kunye inkumbulo, imifanekiso ebonwayo, ingqalelo, ndicinga nawazibonayo. Ukuphuhlisa imisebenzi yovakalelo, baqhelisela ukucinga eyakhayo, ngokuthe ngcembe abuyele kwezihlunu yesiqhelo.

imiba yezengqondo yokusebenza nomntwana

iiklasi intetho Iimpawu unyango kunye kubantwana abaneminyaka 3-4 ubudala uyakwazi icandelo zengqondo, kaninzi abantwana nokuphazamiseka intetho ngenxa inkcaso kubantu abathetha kakuhle, ezintsonkothileyo okanye phambukela ngokwabo. Umsebenzi katitshala - ukubeka umntwana elinomdla kumenza boyise imiqobo zidalwe nguye ngokunxulumene iimpawu zalo. Icala reverse uya kulala ngokuchasene impixano, ukunqongophala ingqeqesho, sivumelane, bazishiya ngokusebenzisana. Kulo mzekelo, iiseshoni eziliqela Kucetyiswa unyango kwintetho abantwana 3-4 iminyaka - ingakumbi umntwana yedwa lula ukukhombisa nomdla xa umntwana omdala abe umhlobo nomncedi, uyakwazi ukubona imigudu sivumelane.

ukuzilolonga zophuhliso jikelele

imfundo Physical, nangona engafakwanga kuluhlu imithambo nomntu owayendifundisa ukuthetha, isabalulekile, imithambo iphuhlisa umjikelo ephefumla ezichanekileyo, into ke leyo nayo, ezinegalelo ngayo oxygenation ingqondo engcono kunye bekunkcenkceshelwe lokuhamba kwegazi. iiklasi unyango kwintetho yabantwana iminyaka 3-4 soloko ilandelwa yi kuphuhliso lwezakhono motor ocoliweyo, kunye neendlela kusondele ngohlobo iiphazili, mosaic, origami, ingcibi, ukuzoba nemidlalo eyenzelwe zokulinganisa uphuhliso lwe memory. Ukongeza, memory Aviwe qashi kwindinyana, kunye patters kwi merry iivesi izifundo. Kakade ke, uqeqesho ayixele kwifomu komdlalo, kungenjalo umntwana inokuba lenqaba ukwenza imithambo nakwimithambo yomzimba. Umsebenzi owayendifundisa ukuthetha nabazali - bathathe inxaxheba kuphuhliso umntwana intetho ekunene kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuba yanyhashwa msinyane waphawula, kokukhona ithuba ekupheliseni nabo waye ncedisana itakane kakuhle kwaye kakuhle ukunxibelelana, baze ngaloo ndlela babe neqabane abanobuchule nobumnandi.

massage logopaedic

iiklasi unyango kwintetho abantwana iminyaka 3-4 ziquka umthambo-articulatory mastication, izihlunu bakope kunye articulatory, imithambo komlomo nezidlele, ulwimi, intsimi prirotovoy, ukuba kuyimfuneko yokuthanjiswa logopaedic (Classic, indawo), kubandakanywa ngamagama ehlokomayo, gama axovula, elula.