Silage: netheknoloji yokugcina imithetho

Xa imfuyo iifama ezisetyenziswa ziindiza ubugcisa kunye haylage. Bacebise ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi izityalo ukubuna, uze ukondla workpiece ongena egumbini evaliweyo. Ukusetyenziswa ziindiza umgangatho ophezulu kuvunwa ivumela ukubonelela iinkomo ukutya kunye neendleko engephi. Ngelo xesha, ezinye iindlela kulungiselelwa ubunzima esintu kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa imveliso ogqityiweyo ngokohlobo umxube owomileyo, nayo leyo ivula amathuba okuba oomatshini kwenkqubo yokondla. Ngokucacileyo, hay ubuchwepheshe preform kunye silage unako ukuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza wokufama. Into esemqoka - ilungelo ukuphumeza indlela practice.

Yintoni silage?

Silage ingabonwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kwindawo esebenzayo imboniselo, oko unikezelo ukutya iinkomo, yaye ukuba siqwalasele umba ngenxa ngemvelaphi yalo, kuyimfuneko ukuthetha malunga wokuhlangana yenkitha yezityalo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. silage ebunileyo ngokuqhelekileyo uthathwa ukuba ukutya ukuvunwa kwezobuchwepheshe ezikhethekileyo okuziinkozo kunye legumes. ukubaluleka xa kusenziwa umbandela uye indlela yokugcina. Phakathi iimeko eziphambili ukuphunyezwa kwale ukuvuna sigaba kuthetha kukunqongophala iyonke lokufikelela emoyeni. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe, le caveat iqinisekisa ukutya kuyimfuneko kwesiseko kwezondlo elizayo. Kwelinye icala, Hay ukuvunwa kwiimeko ezinjalo akavumelekanga negalelo kuphuhliso iintsholongwane eziyingozi.

izityalo Ukulungiselela silage

Kuba yokuvuna Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise izityalo eziyimidumba-ingca nje kuphela, kodwa ilusini clover. Qualitative imidumba silage zingafumaneka kuphela xa beveling lwenziwa inyathelo yavelisa amagqabi. Xa sithetha ngalo ingca, isigaba kangangoko ukuze ibandla uzophuma ityhubhu. Ukophulwa ngokoMthetho ekuqalekeni izityalo Wotho kuchaphazela umgangatho ukutya, ngakumbi ngokuphathelele iintlobo zengca.

Kukucheba kwi sigaba sophuhliso kwezityalo kunegalelo ilobola iiprotini ngumash ofumileyo. Xa oku ziindiza preform kunye hay ukuba icwangciswe kwangaphambili, ekubeni ixesha usenza Novunayo kufuneka ingadluli kwiintsuku ezili-10. A izinga lokucoca eliphezulu ngenxa yokuba wokwaphusa izixhobo yesityalo endle akwamkelekanga ngenxa yokulahlekelwa iipropati eziphathekayo luncedo. Kwakhona ngexesha ingca yokuvuna noomatshini kufuneka ukuqinisekisa ukufana yomxhesho ukubuna.

Ukuzimisela lwezityalo ukufuma

Ngokukhawuleza emva collection, kubalulekile ukuqonda isiqulatho sokufuma indices mass ukuvunwa. Xa umxholo ulwelo imifuno ngaphezu kwama-60% yokugcina kuza kwenzeka uhlobo silage. Ukuba inqanaba ukunyakama liye lancitshiswa-40%, ngoko kusenokubakho ilahleko izinto ezibalulekileyo ukutya. Xa umlinganiselo singaphantsi-20% ukuncipha abasuka carotene. Ngenxa yesi sizathu kuyimfuneko esweni ngenyameko amanani ukufuma impahla eluhlaza. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Ingakumbi, le ndlela silage bamandulo silage kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa ukufuma Chizhov. Kwakhona, inqanaba ubumanzi kungaba kumiselwa ubuchule phinda imilinganiselo ubunzima. Ukuziqhelisa, le parameter ilawulwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: i-isakhelo kunye igozi bujikelwe-10 kg kwezityalo ibolile beveled ukuze iindiza. Ukuba ngokunxulunyaniswa ufikelela ubunzima 6 kg, ubunzima uthathwa ukuba afanelekele lokunkonkxa.

Bookmark Hay

Ubunzima ogqityiweyo iyafakwa emseleni ngekhonkrithi natywinwa indawo kunye izisongeli zeplastiki. Kunye kungqameko ezibonakalayo phakathi kweendonga kwaye nzulu utyani ezinkonxiweyo nezingankonxwanga kubunzulu ezimalunga nama-50 cm. Further umaleko 2 cm-bechaphazela kunye quicklime, esi silinganisi ivumela ukukhusela ukutya namabuzi elizayo. Kwakhona ziindiza Film ibonelela ngokubekwa ngomaleko weendiza ukuphakama-25 cm. Noko ke, le ndlela kulondolozwe kufuna ukuba Ukuchetywa kwengca zenziwa njengoko phezulu kangangoko. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ukhetho kwimiqulu ingaqhutywa inkqubo efanayo njengoko kunjalo yengca non-ukusilwa. Oko kukuthi, kwakha ingca iya kuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo, kodwa imisebenzi ukugangatheka ngakumbi lwenziwa kunye nomthwalo efanayo.

Ukunciphisa umahluko lokuqala parameters of clover kunye nengca Kucetyiswa ukunyusa izinga cut-off kwezinye iimeko. Isibakala sokuba machines silage kwi nenqanaba ahlabayo kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa ziindiza chopper, ezo ngokulinganayo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yengca. ulawulo ukuphakama ukusika Balanced ikuvumela ukuba elele ngaphakathi kothango lweenqwelo zokulwa, kunye nobunzima ukusilwa.

Ukubeka ifilimu

Emva lokusekwa isambuku ngenjongo yolondolozo phezu itywina, kungafakwa isimangalo enye umaleko yengca. Emva koko, isiciko lokugqibela umxube zilinganisiwe. Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa isinyuko ukuya polymeric ifilimu. Ngelo xesha ngokubekwa lengubo ayikhuthazwa. Kwiindawo apho pads kwakheka emiphethweni, badla bagcine inkqubo yophuhliso sokubumbela kwi ziindiza ubunzulu-20 cm. Amalungu bhanya, kungakuhle ukuba babambelele kunye wamsongela kuyo ilinen, leyo bahambelana ubungakanani esemseleni wawakhotha. A impahla seplastiki kungancitshiswa emiphethweni ngokuthi ukuwelda olufudumeleyo kunye Polyvinyl enxulumene ngeyona ndlela inenzuzo enkulu kunye iglu. Kwakhona silage ne yokuhlala enokwenziwa usebenzisa enamathelayo. Kuyanconywa ukwenza iziqwenga ukutyibilika ububanzi ubuncinane 8cm. Emva kokugqiba ukusebenza umphezulu umboniso igqunywe ngomhlaba, umgquba kunye kwimbuphu yesarha. Injongo yale inshorensi convergent kancinane ne kufuma ekhusela umhlaba kunye nezityalo ngumkhenkce.

iimeko yokugcina Optimal

Ukuba umsebenzi iphambili kumalungiselelo izinto ekrwada ukuba silage kukuba ukulawula isiqulatho sokufuma ingca, ngoko emva kokuba ngokubekwa kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo umgangatho itywina. Kwi oku kuxhomekeke umgangatho ukukhusela izinto ukusuka self-ukufudumala. Ngamanye amazwi, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba kumiwe ngokupheleleyo kwemali umoya ubunzima ufikelelo haylage. Oksijini eyangena lweenqwelo zokulwa kwakhiwa, ngokukhawuleza wendele zizityalo. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzima ulahlekelwa izondlo yayo, ukuvuna hay kwixesha elizayo kuya kuba kuphumelele. Ukuthintela ukuba nesenzeko zomonakalo okulolu hlobo kunikwa kuphela kulondolozo yengxinano leyo yaphunyezwa ngo silungelelanise ukubeka izinto umboniso ngaphandle beentanda. Iingcali abonelele yaye enze isethi amanyathelo ukujongana nophuhliso eziphilayo. Ngokukodwa, ukuba kwandiswe ukufumaneka ngala macandelo lomileyo umxube, oku kuya isantya le enomfanekiso iintsholongwane putrefactive kunye butyric acid. Amanyathelo okususa ngumngundo, njengoko umthetho, bancipha ekuqhubeni uphawu nesambatho haylage mass.

Technique ziindiza sekhefu

imveliso emathambekeni nqubo iye awohluke yayo. Isibakala sokuba esi sithuba ezaliswe yokugcina okuvala carbon dioxide kunye ezithile nitrogen. Ngexesha depressurization umxube ithathwa-moya, nto leyo kuphuhliso esebenzayo ezincinane eziyingozi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kubalulekile njengoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa i ukutya ngokukhawuleza, ekwenzeni lweenotshi. Ukuba Hay ukuvunwa lwenziwa ngaphakathi kothango lweenqwelo zokulwa emva kokususa isiciko kufuneka aveze ukunciphisa ubunzima umaleko ubude nkqo elingekho ngaphantsi kwe-50 cm., Ke Cutting le lekhefu ezenziwa ngendlela yokuba ukuthembakala intsalela ukuyilwa alukho mngciphekweni. Zingqinelane nalo mqathango ayikho nzima ukuba nokusebenza eyenziwa usebenzisa ganda ezisindayo.

Amanqaku umqulu hay

Le ndlela inika intsebenzo ziindiza ekulondolozweni workpiece igumbi ubunzima ayikho ngaphakathi kothango lweenqwelo zokulwa, kunye nokupakishwa okhethekileyo. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba oku kwenziwe ngokucinezela ukuyilwa imiqulu yengca. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kungekhonto silage kwi rolls eyenziwa usebenzisa capture-bezitya. Le izixhobo, nto leyo evumela ukuba bajije esicwangciswe wezityalo kunye nokugcina iimfuno ofunekayo imilo kunye nokuthotyelwa igiza.

Bookmark imathiriyeli kwi ekupakishweni kwenziwa kwi-site yokugcina, kufutshane efama. I ngokukhawuleza usiba yenziwa kwisikhongozeli ubunzima, kokukhona amathuba kwezondlo yokuziphilisa, kuquka protein, iswekile, carotene kunye ezifana. D. Njengoko preform kufuna package technology silage, ukubonelela izinto ngokulitywina kufuneka zezindlu umboniso, umz, agrostreych.

Izinto eziluncedo ze hay liqengqiwe,

Ubukhulu becala iingenelo yale ndlela ngenxa inkqubo high zoomatshini. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa zisenza ukunyusa isantya ukuyilwa imiqulu nokugcina iimpawu abangabaxhamli feed. Amakishiweyo eziluncedo ifilimu ngokwayo, apho rolls babekwa ubunzima esintu. Inika igumbi esitywiniweyo, ngokukhuselekileyo ikhuselwe nxamnye ukunyakama, umoya kunye yelanga eyingozi. Ngenxa silage ezisebhokisini likuvumela ukuba ukwandisa yolimo kwemveliso kunye nemfuyo. Ngokususa into ebangela ukuba usebenzise kanzulu ongeziweyo ukutya, umzekelo, ebangela ukwanda isivuno ubisi.

Ukumisela umgangatho silage

Xa inkqubo okuqulethwe imveliso zikhiwa kunobukhulu naphambi yokwemba kwenziwa ulawulo organoleptic, nto leyo evumela ukufumanisa iimpawu umgangatho silage elizayo. Nangakumbi, iingcali ingxelo isakhiwo eziphathekayo, ivumba kunye nombala. Ukuba kakuhle kwaqondakala nobuchwepheshe yokuvuna silage, umbala olive okanye omthubi noluhlaza. Yona ivumba, kufuneka Ndifana bokuqonda muncu-elinuka. Ubunzima akufuneki waluqaba, kwaye babe oslizlosti. Kulo mzekelo, usisindise kakuhle yonke amagqabi, iingceba iziqu, iinkozo kunye neembotyi. Okona kubalulekileyo, xa silage ayengekho imizila ikhoyo iinkqubo nokuvunda kwaye ezinzwaneni.

isiphelo

Ngokwawo, isigama silage ovela umnqweno amafama ukusindisa ukudla. Ngelo xesha, ukusetyenziswa oku akuthethi iinkomo wobunjani ophantsi imveliso yokutya. Kuba phezu ukulondolozwa kunye nokugcinwa kwesiseko eyaneleyo sempilweni kwaye ekhokelwa nokuvuna hay silage ngendlela yesintu. Oku kusebenza kuphela kwi iimfuno kwisiqulatho sisiseko sokugqibela ukutya, kodwa amanqanaba ukulungiselela mass ingca. Ngokukodwa, kwinqanaba le Wotho Kucetyiswa ukuba bazilungiselele kakuhle umbandela ukuba amanqaku encwadi engaphezulu ukumisela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kunye namanani nokufuma. zokulawula kulondolozwe lweziqalelo luncedo ukunika ukuthotyelwa imithetho ukupakisha hay yokwemba ngakumbi.