Rachmaninov: list. Eyaziwa Rachmaninoff umsebenzi

Enkulu Russian Umqambi, ipiyano kunye umqhubi Sergey Vasilevich Rahmaninov Ungumbhali eziliqela imisebenzi neentlobo ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka enemizobo opera. umculo yakhe brilliant yaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi. imisebenzi Famous of Rachmaninov kunye nesandi namhlanje kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Ukwenza umculo Umqambi waqalisa eyi-5, yaye xa wayeneminyaka eli-13 ubudala, Ndaziswa Tchaikovsky, yena ukudunyiswa italente yakhe.

Imisebenzi ngu Rachmaninoff buzane romanticism kunye lyricism, amandla kunye nenkululeko. Ibinzana okhethekileyo umculo wakhe umxholo lokhokho.

Usebenza yi Rachmaninov - uluhlu

Nalu uluhlu imisebenzi banika ihlabathi umqambi:

• Ikonsathi ezine ipiyano kunye okhestra;
• symphony ezintathu;
• opera ezintathu;
• suite "Symphonic ekungqungqeni";
• Vocalise ilizwi kunye nepiyano, elingcwele opera Antonine Nezhdanovoy;
• 3 umbongo ( "iNkosana Rostislav", "iintsimbi" kunye "Island ufile ');
• 2 symphony
• Pieces emihlanu neminqweno Piano;
• Sonatas 2 Piano;
• Sonata kunye iziqwenga ezimbini cello nepiyano;
• Capriccio kwimixholo angamaGypsy;
• Pieces ezimbini cello kunye Piano;
• cantata "Spring";
• Pieces ezintandathu Piano ezine Hands
• imisebenzi 2 kanyekanye Acapella;
• "Cliff" vantaziya.

Kwaye Preludes, etudes, iingoma, iingoma Russian njalo njalo.

iminyaka zabafundi, umqambi

Ngowe-1882 Sergey wangena Conservatory e St. Petersburg, kwaye ngo-1885 waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe ngakumbi sele Moscow Conservatory kwii-ofisi ezimbini - ipiyano kunye nokwakheka. Ngowe-1981 Rachmaninov iimbeko izidanga ipiyano, yaye kamva ngonyaka iziqu umqambi.

Usebenza yi Rachmaninoff (uluhlu), apho zibhalwe kwiminyaka yakhe umfundi:

• Concerto for ipiyano kunye okhestra №1;
• Symphony Youth;
• umbongo Symphonic "iNkosana Rostislav," ebhalwe imveliso Tolstoy, leyo lwenziwa kuqala kuluntu emva kokufa yombhali;
• opera "aleko", nto leyo wakhonza sifundo sombongo, AS Pushkin, yaba umsebenzi ithisisi ka Rachmaninov isebe nokwakheka.

Works ezibhaliweyo kule minyaka 1893-1899

Ngowe-1893, Rachmaninoff wabhala Elegiac Trio osihloko sithi "Inkumbulo ye Artist Enkulu", nto leyo wenzelwe Petru Ilichu Chaykovskomu qamba kumsitho wokufa kwakhe. Lo msebenzi unokuviwa siyalila ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwaye ngaxeshanye iinkumbulo elimnandi umntu omkhulu, kwakunye zefilosofi malunga ukunqamka ubomi. Eminye imisebenzi Rachmaninoff, awawubhalayo ngethuba elisusela kwi-1893 ukuya kwiminyaka 1899: i maphupho Symphonic "Cliff" Moments Musical ukuba ipiyano isandulela ukuze ipiyano eC-elibukhali minor. 1895 yayiphawuleka ngokubhala Symphony №1, leyo yadlalwa kwiminyaka emibini kuphela emva kokuba indalo yayo. Symphony ayiphumelelanga, umqambi bazeka iminyaka eliqela ngobuchule yimali wenza kuphela nje nomdlali kunye umqhubi, ukubhala umculo engaganwanga.

1900 kubomi okudala umqambi

Ngeli xesha, umqambi weyisayo block yombhali , kwaye kwakhona waqala ukubhala. Ukususela ngoko iqala lelona xesha evuzayo umsebenzi wakhe. Imisebenzi yomculo of Rachmaninoff, wadala kule minyaka:

• ikonsathi yesibini ipiyano kunye okhestra;
• Sonata for cello nepiyano;
• cantata "Spring", eyenziwe iindinyana N. A. Nekrasova;
• Symphony №2;
• №3 ikhonsati for ipiyano kunye okhestra;
• udakumbile tone umbongo "Isle of Abafileyo", nto leyo waphefumlelwa ikopi umqambi kaThixo emnyama namhlophe ye Imizobo eyimfihlakalo Arnolda Beklina.

Kweli thuba ukususela 1904 ukuya 1906 Sergey asibhalele ezimbini opera olunye-isenzo, "Francesca da Rimini" yi wabe, "The owayeligqolo Knight" ngemisebenzi Alexander Pushkin. Ngowe-1906, i-opera ezimbini ziye wayifaka Bolshoi Theatre, kodwa ukuthandwa ukuba ifunyenwe. Ngelo xesha yena wayesebenza phezu opera Rachmaninov "Monna Vanna" (ezisekelwe kwibali lomdlalo ngu M. Maeterlinck), kodwa wahlala phahla.

Ngowe-1910, umqambi ijikile Choral Music waza wabhala inkonzo eziNgcwele St John Chrysostom, ngo-1913 - kumbongo "The Bells", yaye ngo-1915 - ingoma zonqulo "Bonke-Night uphela." eziphathwayo Preludes ezimbini Piano zadalwa kunye eziphathwayo ezininzi, "Etudes-imifanekiso."

Ngowe-1917 umqambi baya kukhenketho waza wabuyela umva eRashiya. De yokufa kwakhe, wahlala eUnited States. Kwiminyaka yokuqala esithoba yobomi bakhe ekuthinjweni Sergey andizange ukubhala umculo. Ekupheleni kweminyaka esithoba wabhala №4 Concert ngenxa Piano kunye Orchestra (hayi imisebenzi edume kakhulu ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi kungekho impumelelo, yaye amaxesha amaninzi kurhwetywe nguye), "Iingoma Russian Three" (umsebenzi kabuhlungu, apho lamakhonkco ukulangazelela Russia) , nguqu kwi umxholo Corelli (leyo engaqhelekanga le uhlobo uhlobo lomculo), yayingeyiyo Rhapsody ngomxholo of Paganini Symphony №3, «imidaniso Symphonic" ukuze okhestra. imisebenzi zakutsha ngu Rachmaninoff kuxhotyiswa nokukhumbula ekhaya.

bothando

Ukusondeza ngaphandle imbali romance Russian wezinto era pre-olululo imisebenzi eyodwa yi Rachmaninov. Uluhlu iingoma ebhalwe Sergei Vasilyevich kwiminyaka ezahlukeneyo:

• "Xa emasangweni woonongendi" kwi imibongo ngu M. Yu Lermontova.;
• "Xa cwaka ebusuku 'kumazwi A. Fet;
• "Ngaba Uyakhumbula ukuba ngokuhlwa" kwi ndinyana AK Tolstoy;
• "Aprili" kwi nguqulelo ukusuka odumileyo French V. Tushnova;
• "Musa kucula, ubuhle bam," kwi imibongo ngu A. S. Pushkina;
• "River Lily" kumazwi A. Pleshnova G.Geyne;
• "Amanzi Spring" kwi imibongo ngu Tyutchev;
• ", Musani ukuba buhlungu Oh 'kumazwi A. Apukhtina;
• "Baphendula bathi:" translation iivesi Viktora Gyugo;
• "Ebusuku, egadini" ngamazwi ka-Alexander Blok;
• "Au" kumazwi Balmont.

Imisebenzi edume S.Rakhmaninov

legacy Huge ekhohlo bobempunde enye abaqambi kakhulu Russian - Rakhmaninov. Imisebenzi edume Sergei Vasilievich: ezi zintathu opera bakhe, ama ngenxa ipiyano, Rhapsody kwi Umxholo ka Paganini, Suite "Symphonic imidaniso" Vocalise ilizwi kunye nepiyano, lo mbongo "The Bells", ukuthandana.

I 'Vocalise "edumileyo ibhalwe ukuba ndenze ngokuthetha okanye bendlela yokuqala, kodwa asasebenza inkoliso nezendlela umnini wayo. Ucule sung ngaphandle amagama, omnye (mhlawumbi) isandi esitsha. Lo msebenzi kwakhona amalungiselelo ukwenza kunye iokhestra, ikwayara kunye okhestra, okhestra ngaphandle vocalist soloists negalelo, kukho utoliko ezininzi kulo msebenzi.

Suite "Symphonic imidaniso" yayibhalwe elubhacweni ngowe-1940 kwaye umsebenzi yokugqibela Sergei Vasilievich, yena walizinzisayo iminyaka emithathu ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe. Le umculo onke eqonda nokukhathazeka bayahlelwa abantu abaye nilithwele Second World War.

Opera "Francesca da Rimini" - ibali lakhe ukusuka wabe kaThixo Divine Comedy. Umbhali lo mdlalo yale opera yaba M. I. Chaykovsky.

Lo mbongo "The Bells"

Mhlawumbi imisebenzi edume Rachmaninov - umbongo Symphonic ". The Bells" Kubhaliwe kwathiwa soloists ezintathu (Baritone, ndenze ngokuthetha, nezendlela), ikwayara kunye okhestra. Umbongo eponymous ngu Edgar Allan Poe waye isiseko lo msebenzi. Lo mbongo luqulathe izahlulo ezine endalo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ibonisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo obomi bomntu. ISahlulo 1 no-2 (chime yomtshato neentsimbi) ulonwabo express kuphole, izahlulo 3 no-4 - le-alam, intsimbi emingcwabo izandi baphulukane. I yokuqala inxalenye Allegro uyakuthi odlala; kule ndawo Lento odlala yokuqala yesibini - izandi iringi yomtshato, yaye umculo ngothando; isahlulo sesithathu Presto yenza nekwayala okhestra - alarm umsindo, umculo uvakalisa ukumoyika; kwi isahlulo sesine kukuhambi- Baritone - apha izandi sasiqinisekisa ukufa umculo - yimbonakaliso zokufa. Xa amazwi Rachmaninoff, ngumsebenzi wakhe, yena wayemthanda ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye yaye oko wakwenzayo ingakumbi ngenzondelelo.

Opera "aleko"

Opera Rachmaninoff ezininzi. I yokuqala opera yakhe, awawubhalayo njengomfundi kwi somculo, - "aleko" kwi umhobe Alexander Pushkin kaThixo "Gypsies". Loo ithisisi umqambi. Librettist VI Nemirovich-Danchenko. Kokuba kuboniswe kwabanjwa kamva ngonyaka kwi Bolshoi Theatre waza waba nempumelelo enkulu. In a ngolangazelelo enkulu malunga opera yaba Petros Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Xa ibali ezintle lwesigypsy intombazana Zemfira uyasijika umyeni wakhe Alec lwesigypsy oselula, wamthanda. Aleko ngomsindo ubulala Zemfira lover kunye naye. Roma singarhoxi ngokwabo ukuba isenzo aleko okhohlakeleyo uhambe, zimshiya yedwa ngonxunguphalo yakhe.

Rhapsody kwi Umxholo we Paganini

Sergeya Rahmaninova usebenza ipiyano kunye okhestra nazo phakathi edume yemisebenzi yakhe. Rhapsody kwi Umxholo we Paganini ngomnye wabo. umsebenzi obhalwayo elubhacweni. It iqulathe iinguqulelo 24 kumxholo omnye edume ziimfuno noNiccolò Paganini - ziimfuno №24. Lo ngomnye weyona misebenzi uthandwayo Rachmaninov kule mini, uya liviwe soundtrack okuya kwiifilim abaninzi bezinye iintlanga.