Papin, Denis - buchopho unelishwa

Ngaye badla bhala ukuba wazalwa ekuqaleni kakhulu - ngexesha iimfazwe zonqulo yoHlaziyo, utata engekho enkundleni. Wabonakala ukukhanya ubuncinane elikhulu kwiminyaka kamva - iitalente namandla akhe wayeza kuzisa ngaphezulu ukwenzela ukuchuma revolution yezoshishino.

Kodwa kuya kufika ngaphandle abantu abafana Papen? Denis - umntu owenza ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVII ukukhawulezisa inkqubela zobugcisa ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba abaninzi.

Ugqirha-jika-physics

azalelwa kuyo yaba Shiten kwidolophu encinane ekufuphi Blois - Iziko Loir-and-Cher. Uyise - umcebisi royal Denis Papin (Denis efika igama lakhe). Isazinzulu elizayo ncam ayaziwa, kodwa leyo kubonisiwe ngabantu abathile - Agasti 22, 1647 - umhla ngobhaptizo. iinkolelo enkolo Papen yaba Huguenot - isebe French of Protestantism.

Yeyiphi yaba eyaziwa ngokuba yamachiza odumileyo French Denis Papin wafumana imfundo non-core. Kusapho kama - Madlen pino - yonke into eyindoda ngokwemveli babe oogqirha, kunye nonyana wakhe omdala, yena ukufumana imfundo unyango. Emva kokuphumelela kwisikolo wamaJesuit ngo-1661 waqalisa isifundo kwemicimbi zonyango kwiYunivesithi Angers.

kungekudala ootitshala kunye nabo Denis waphawula ukuba iyeza uyamthatha ngaphantsi lee imathematika zemvelo. Babona yinzondelelo izicacele ukuba amalinge ngokwasemzimbeni, eyabonisa Papen. Denis waba neengxaki ezithile kunye ukukhululwa eyunivesithi, kunye nokukhutshwa kwesiqinisekiso kokugqiba le khosi kwakhe babonakaliswa ngokuzithoba ezicacileyo. Sekunjalo, yena ufika e Paris ngo-1670 ngenjongo yokuba ukuqala umsebenzi njengoko ngugqirha.

Assistant Hristiana Gyuygensa

Njengokuba kwakunjalo ngokwesiko, waba iincwadi zokuyalezwa ucele uncedo ulungisa kwikomkhulu. Omnye wabo sijoliswe umfazi igosa yobukumkani, Jean-Baptiste Colbert - Marie Charron, inzala efanayo iindawo Papen. Denis ngexesha lencoko nomyeni wakhe wavakalisa umnqweno wakhe besenza uphando, yaye waba nethamsanqa. Colbert egameni lokumkani balungiselela iqela umsebenzi kunye nxaxheba zezazinzulu edumileyo Hristiana Gyuygensa, ngubani kwafuneka nomncedisi. Denis baqala kule ndawo.

Waqalisa ukuya kuncedisa abantu balinge Huygens kunye lwepolitiki, ngoko leyo nomdla umDatshi elidumileyo. Ngokukodwa, yena bagqibelela impompo umoya, nto leyo wadalwa ngoncedo lwe-bume lwepolitiki, okokuqala ngokusebenzisa umba okhethekileyo. Ngowe-1674 wapapasha incwadi Papen "imifuniselo Entsha yanto", elingcwele ifuthe kokusingqongileyo airless kwizityalo eziphilayo. Umsebenzi Papen kunye nempompo bakhe baba wazi uRobert Boyle, omnye wabaseki British Royal Society, leyo bamema engumFrentshi eLondon.

Papin e England

Ukususela 1676 ukuya 1681 wayesebenza eLondon, ngokubambisene ne Boyle, yaye kamva nabanye izazinzulu abadumileyo - uRobert Hooke. Inika ukuhlola ukuba bafunde iimpawu neegesi, ngaxeshanye inxaxheba kwiiprojekthi zabo.

Ngowe-1679 Wayisondeza wokusungula - "lo digester entsha, okanye yindlela ukuthambisa amathambo" - kwase le cooker xi mihla kunye esisodwa unyango ubushushu izinto ezahlukeneyo. Xa ekuphuhliseni esi sixhobo wasebenzisa ulwazi wawafumana njengoko yemvelo. Denis Papin ecetywayo ukusebenzisa xa bepheka inyama ukwanda koxinzelelo okubangelwa ukufudumeza. kukungxawu kwakhe - isitya kuba neqweqwe, nto zibambene nayo ngezikhonkwane, nto leyo evumela ukuba yobunzima. Uqweqwe yabekwa vana ubunzima umthwalo, ukuvumela ukuba dlala uxinzelelo kwemfuneko.

Kodwa abaqambi ubunzima kubi - kwibhoyila wakhe ayifumanekanga isicelo ngokoqobo. Ujije nokubopha kunzima ukusebenzisa, nokungakwazi ngokukhawuleza ndinikhululele zonke zezulu emva ukupheka kokuphela okuncedisana liqela elingonanga ngexesha - kwafuneka alinde okupholisa ukususa isiciko. imodeli Ukusebenza kwe cooker xi weza kuphela emva kweminyaka engamakhulu amabini.

Intlungu Europe

Ngowe-1681 waya Italy kwi uphakamiso- Giovanni Ambrosio Sarotte, umongameli we Venice Academy of Science, ngubani waphupha ukuba ayinike ukubaluleka, efana ebinezinto Paris Academy kunye Royal Society of London. Kodwa imizamo yakhe namthanyana xa walelwa mali evela kurhulumente.

EYurophu yaqinisa intshutshiso obuProtestante, kodwa ngenxa ukupheliswa imithetho uLouis XIV ukukhusela amalungelo Huguenot, Papin uphelelwe ithuba lokuba abuyele kwilizwe lawo. Nge 1684 for 1687 wayesebenza eLondon, emva koko wafudukela eJamani, kwaye ubambe isikhundla unjingalwazi kwemathematika kwiYunivesithi yeMarburg. Apho ugqiba ukutshata umzala wakhe, owayebaleke intshutshiso eFransi waza washiya nomhlolokazi intombi oselula ezingalweni zakhe.

Umsunguli i injini

Ngowe-1690 wapapasha inkcazelo isixhobo amanzi zokumpompa, leyo kuqala wasebenzisa injini. Ukuveliswa imoto, esebenzisa amandla umphunga, zabe amava azuzwe ngexesha umsebenzi wakhe phezu digester. Emva koko waziva amandla amandla yokuqala kunyuka shushu. iinkcukacha Design zibe icace ngeendlela ezininzi ngexesha imbalelwano kunye Gottfried Leibniz, xa bexoxa inani elikhulu iingxaki zenzululwazi sethiyori esebenzayo eyakhokelela lo mphengululi ezikhulu. Denis Papin kuqala esetyenziswayo ukupheka ngomphunga eshushu kwisingxobo esahlukileyo - imbiza - yaye ivelufa nokhuseleko, ngeendlela ezininzi wenza ukusetyenziswa injini ngokwenene. Izazinzulu Sicebisa ukuba usebenzise drive yakho iinqwelo esingazihlabeliyo izikhephe, nako ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza nomsinga, usebenzisa ivili ihambe.

Ingcamango umkhumbi lomlambo antagonizing labakhandi esinamandla abathwali umlambo wabona okhuphisana ngamandla emkhombeni, nto leyo iyaphuhliswa Denis Papin. Elichaza zezenzululwazi kwisiqalo benqanawa self-ngokwaso, utshabalalisa isihlwele boatmen kunye boatmen zipapashwa rhoqo kwiincwadi zembali, nangona iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo malunga nale nyaniso iye yagcinwa.

Papen waba phambili kunye nezinye ezibalaseleyo elo xesha iimbono. Phakathi kwabo - ezikweni entsha iglasi iintsasa, original i Ballista - iintlawulo umpu yokujula imigama emide, kuquka ngokusebenzisa moya (kwase of iziqhushumbisi). In his legacy - ngwenya, umgaqo yokusebenza eziko nokuphalazeka kwelifu, ukusetyenziswa ezincamathelayo ngenxa yokugcina ixesha elide ukutya, nempompo centrifugal.

lingcwaba nameless kananjalo kubekho nentsika yelitye elikhulu

Umhla ngqo ukufa sisazinzulu obalaseleyo ayaziwa, kwakunye nendawo ekuza kungcwatyelwa yakhe. Bakholelwa ukuba wafa phakathi 1712 no-1714. eLondon. Papen kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye koniwa ukungabikho epheleleyo imali kunye ungquzulwano kunye Royal Society, leyo umngeni iphambili yakhe kokusungulwa kwibhoyila zomphunga.

Ngu honors kangangoko isiqingatha senkulungwane emva nelilifaneleyo, nto leyo ekugqibeleni imbasa Denis Papin. Elichaza zezenzululwazi lihombise i-Paris Academy, i Royal Society, waba kuzo zonke iincwadi ngembali yenzululwazi. Encomekayo oqingqiweyo ubungakanani lobhedu efakiweyo ekhaya e Blois physics.

Umfanekiselo ngqondi abayiqondi, kwaye kusetyenziswa ukubonisa ukuba revolution mveliso ngokuba umbuku-in technology, egqibeleleyo ngenkulungwane XIX, kwaye iingcambu French.