LED - yintoni na le nto? Umgaqo kusebenza kuwo i-LED

Naphi na apho kukho ukutshintshwa izibane eqhelekileyo LED. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo Ukukhanyisa iimoto kunye namakhaya, zihlala ixesha elide kakhulu yaye kulula indawo. Ngoko ke, yintoni na lo mgaqo ye-LED kunye nendlela ukukhetha ilungelo?

LED kwaye isebenza njani

LED - isixhobo, okhethekileyo esiguqula nomsinga ibe kukhanya. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-LED eyaziwa ngokuba LED, gama elo elithetha "diode esikhupha ukukhanya".

Le fowuni sakhiwa semiconductor crystal chip, housings, kwiitheminali, kunye isixhobo optical. Ukukhanya avela yikristale, kunye nombala wayo inokuba nomahluko kwaye kuxhomekeke izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ukukhanya LED njengoko umbala wayo, ukuze babe eyahlukileyo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kuba isiphumo saba sisikhanyiso isibane ongatshatanga udla wafaka ziikristale ezimbalwa ukuvelisa ukukhanya monochromatic, nto leyo ezidityaniswe eyenza bugcwele eliqaqambileyo.

Njengokukhazimla device kuxhomekeke amandla ezinikwe umsinga wombane. Kwelinye icala, ukuhamba enamandla kakhulu umbane ubangela nobushushu ngokukhawuleza yikristale, kwaye kuyisusa kwinkqubo. Ngenxa yale LED bayile imali eninzi kakhulu iindleko izixhobo, nto leyo kancinane nefuthe elibi ukhetho izibane ezinjalo.

LED Ukuqaqamba zingahlulwa ngokweendidi:

• ultra amandla abo ubuncinane - 1 W;
• ukukhanya High LED - ifikelela 20 MW;
• ibhalbhu eqhelekileyo.

Namhlanje ngokubanzi unit LED, nto leyo kuthi kunxulunyaniswe isibane. Enkosi kuye, uyakwazi ukunyenyisa ukukhanya kwaye khetha imo kukhanya ngokupheleleyo.

Ubuhle bokuba ii-LED phezu kwezinye iintlobo ngokukhanyisa

LED - ezona ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, khetha uhlobo kwezibane, nto leyo iba inani eziluncedo:

• Kwalo.
• Ukwazi ukulungisa umbala ukukhanya kwesibane.
• Umbala Ukwanda, ubuchule ukukhetha ezibomvu, bhlowu, LED eluhlaza okanye abangele umbala ukutshintsha.
• Ithuba ulawulo-elektroniki.
• izinto eziphilayo apho musa inezinto enzima neziyilimazayo indalo zitshabalalise okusingqongileyo kwaye eziyingozi xa zilahlwe ngendlela engeyiyo.
• ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi watt 1 livelise izihlandlo eziliqela ukukhanya ngakumbi.
• ehlambulukileyo Light kunye kakhulu uqikelelo ukuya zendalo.
• Musa shushu ngokugqithisileyo ngenxa svetootvodu abanobuchule.
• Ukuthembeka elide.

Kutheni LED zithandwa kushishino ngomatshini? Olu hlobo kwezibane ezilungele iimoto, ngokuthe ngcembe kancinane izibane halogen kunye xenon. iimpawu zayo ezintle:

• i ngokuthumela ukukhanya ukuba amaphini okugwedla - indalo zemoto encomekayo;
• nezamkelekileyo kukhangeleka ngcono kunezinye iintlobo ze izibane;
• ukwandisa ukhuseleko ngokuphucula ukubonakala endleleni;
• ukumelana lokungcangcazela;
• LED badla efakwe emzimbeni, engaquki zingene ubumanzi;
• urhulumente yokusebenza ikhawuleze, ngoko ke izibane brake luyasebenza ngcono.

Kakade ke, ezi iingenelo semvelo ngokwenene kuphela iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ngoko ukuwalondoloza angafanele oko, ingakumbi ekubeni ithuba lokugada kwabo sebenziso kakhulu yandisa kuthelekiswa kwiimveliso Chinese. Ukongeza, ngexesha ukusebenza izibane LED, xa kuthelekiswa ne eqhelekileyo, nazo kakhulu ngakumbi.

ngezigaba LED

Ukwahlula iintlobo 2 ezingundoqo LED - ukukhanyisa (ezibonisa), kunye ukukhanyisa. amandla abo kunye ihlala zixhomekeke ukuhamba umbane, kuba lixesha elifutshane, ekubeni yikristale kuguga ngokukhawuleza ngenxa olu hlobo yesibini LED. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zixhobo izibane eqinile kakhulu nokubonelela iiyure amawaka aliqela.

LED ukukhanyisa - kuba sisixhobo abonelela ukukhanya ethembekileyo enamandla. Yaziwa ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa kuyilo, ukudala umgangatho ukukhanya oyifunayo.

Xa Uhlobo lwezindlu samkelwe ukuba kunika LED kwi "Iinkwenkwezi" uhlobo, "nepiranha" kunye SMD. Phakathi kwabo ethandwa kakhulu "nepiranha", njengoko imveliso ukukhanya kwabo esemgangathweni ngakumbi. osemqoka zoyilo na imilo yoxande kunye isikhonkwane emancamini, zibonelelwa nge ukubambelela engqongqo. Ngaphezu koko, lo zeendawana lefowuni teplootvodnyh ebalaseleyo. Ezi zixhobo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu iimoto kunye iintengiso. Ziyashiyana ubungakanani kunye nombala: obomvu emhlophe, oluhlaza, LED, oluhlaza.

LED Isalathisi babe isakhiwo elula, kwaye ukukhanya yabo engenamandla njalo, kwaye kusetyenziswa kukhanyisa ezibonisiweyo panels sixhobo. Imilo ngeenxa ekwanti, mbhoxo, uxande LED indicators.

Ezi lens nazo zahlukile enye kwenye, ukuze kubandakanywe izibane izibane kunye Isalathisi. Ezinye ziyilelwe kwelifu ukukhanya (ezi zixhobo amaninzi), abanye - ukugxila, babulele ulwalathiso beam eveliswe yi ukukhanya. Kwaye ke iqela lesibini lens ezahlulwe sisithuba ezimilise-cone caba ngeenxa zonke.

Umbala iilensi ii-LED:

• enemibala ngaphaya;
• ezinombala ngaphaya;
• zaveza Mat.

Ukongeza, i-mibala eveliswa sisixhobo komsebenzi idivaysi zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Kukho otyheli, obomvu, oluhlaza, zeLED eluhlaza, njalo njalo. D. Ezi imibala ngobuchule ezidityanisiweyo ukwenza i nokuba ezixandileyo kuluhlu. Eyona nto inzima, Isimanga ngokwaneleyo, ukuze ufumane umbala omhlophe ecocekileyo.

White LED sifumaneka ngeendlela ezintathu:

• ukusetyenziswa ngaxeshanye kwi olinganise echanekileyo umbala obomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka unika ingqiqo emhlophe;
• sebenzisa diode eluhlaza kunye ukungcola ezityheli;
• indlela yesithathu ifuna ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibengezelayo esiguqula yiultraviolet, esebenza kumgaqo kwesibane ezibengezelayo.

White LED yeyona kwandile, nangona into kunzima ukufumana. Yena kuyabanda kwaye kufudumele. Kwi ibhalbhu idla le iparameter kucacisiwe Kelvin, i ezincinane ixabiso, umbala omthubi kunye ifudumele. Abavelisi bacebisa ukuba ukhetha i parameter avareji, nangona yengqele, ukukhanya oluhlaza nazo ngokukhawuleza bakuqhele.

Choice ukuba isibane ekhaya

Choice ukuba isibane ikhaya iqulathe amanyathelo aliqela, apho kufuneka ukuba ukujonga uhlobo womnatha sangqa le chap kunye ukubonakala isixhobo izibane.

LED 220 ngesi yeyona ixhaphakileyo iintlobo socket - E27 kunye E14. Amanani abonisa ukuba ubukhulu intambo ngo iimilimitha. Uhlobo lokuqala izibane zifumaneka rhoqo ekwimo ibhola, okwesibini - ibhola okanye umbona.

Yintoni, ke okunokuzuzwa zazo eziphambili? Okokuqala, oko ukukwazi ukutshixa kunye sentlalo ukukhanya ngokuzimeleyo. Okwesibini, oko ukhetho umbala ukukhanyisa kunye nolawulo kude. Okwesithathu, ayasiqinisekisa ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka zanda.

Ukuthatha ifomu, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo into yokuba ibhalbhu ingqolowa nangona kwaye ezineefitsha ngokwaneleyo elungileyo, bathi cwaka abakhuselekanga. nabo abo baya phandle, kunye nabavelisi wala kutshanje kwakhululwa le fomu kwezixhobo.

Ukukhanyisa indawo non-zokuhlala okanye izindlu zangasese kusetyenziswa izibane ezinamandla kangako, ngoko ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba ukusebenzisa 220 LED, ungenza izixhobo encinane amcaba isiseko G53 kunye GX53. Le isibane ngeenxa zonke, apho kusetyenziswa ilight eziliqela.

Umbala Kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe i emhlophe zesiqhelo, ngoko akukho umbala ashushu kakhulu yaye kubanda kakhulu, iimpawu elilelona yazo 4200 K.

Nikela ingqalelo ukuze xa uthenga isibane kubalulekile kwaye mpawu zilandelayo:

• inani ilight - zingaphi ii-LED kwi isibane kuxhomekeke nokubengezela kwawo, ingakumbi ngamaxesha elide nokusetyenziswa, xa ziqala ukufiphala niyitshise ngomlilo ngaphandle;
• Imo lobushushu yokusebenza - khumbula ukuba xa ukhetha isibane esitratweni oko kufuneka zisebenze kunye nokuthintela ukuqanda, oko kudla kucacisiwe kuxwebhu data isixhobo;
• amathuba pulsations - ukuqhwanyazaemva kwenzeka e izibane cheap, ngokuqhelekileyo xa uthenga eninzi ngayo kuyehla kube ubuncinane;
• iimeko zokusebenza ngamanye amaxesha zifuna ukwandisa isixhobo ukhuseleko, umzekelo, ukumelana ukufuma, kuyimfuneko malunga olu khetho, cela umthengisi;
• ezikhethiweyo umenzi kufuneka ukuba ahlawule ingqalelo sangqa le chap, njengoko ingengabo bonke abathengisi ukuba ubukhuphe amazwe LED 220;
• oyifunayo output ukukhanya njengoko kulinganiswa kwi lumens, - Izibane okanye indicator izibane.

khetha umenzi

Kwimarike kukho abenzi ezininzi babonise amazinga ahlukeneyo esemgangathweni. Ngoko ke, umgaqo-nkqubo yazo amaxabiso zabathengisi nako eyahlukileyo ngokubalulekileyo.

Luncedo xa LED na iindleko zabo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kufuneka uhlawule isixa esikhulu semali ngenxa imveliso, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuba umgangatho ophezulu. Ngoko ke kufanelekile indlela onoxanduva ezikhethiweyo umenzi kunye nomthengisi.

Abavelisi lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe ngamaqela-5.

1. Chinese cheap akukho namnye iintlobo ezaziwayo-kakuhle.
2. Kakuhle eyaziwa abenzi yaseTshayina Asia. Ethandwa kakhulu Selecta, Camelion, LG. Basebenzisa izixhobo zale mihla, kwaye umgangatho Imveliso esuka ezi nkampani liphezulu ngokwaneleyo, ngoko ke icandelo elikhulu ngokwaneleyo emarike lwasekhaya yelungu lempahla Asia. Ngokwahlukeneyo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula LED LG ukuba 2016 kunciphise kakhulu ixabiso nemveliso yaso ngokusetyenziswa iiteknoloji ezintsha kwi kwimveliso. Ngaphezu koko, umgangatho uhlala okufanayo. Kule akukho kwamathandabuzo. Le nkampani kakhulu le izibane eliphakathi-amandla okulungileyo ngokwaneleyo sizibonakalisa koontanga.
3. abenzi Domestic abenza imveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kodwa iteknoloji lubiza kakhulu, ngoko ke ixabiso kwi isibane zabo. Ngelishwa, eRashiya kamva ngabakufundileyo malunga nokuba nako ngokubanzi abenzi LED kunye zasekhaya okwangoku okungaka. Oku, umzekelo, "Optoman" kunye GAUSS. Le nkampani kufuneka uluhlu zabo iimveliso kwaye ziyafumaneka kulo lonke ilizwe.
4. abenzi yaseYurophu zimelwe iinkampani ikakhulu German Philips, Osram, Bioledex, abo yamava imveliso yezibane. Mhlawumbi, Philips uhlala ehamba phambili kweli ingxenye kwimarike, nangona kubiza imali eninzi kakhulu.
5. iiprojekthi Sino-Russian ezifana Ecola, Newera - nayo okulungileyo brand ezisemgangathweni kunye nexabiso, nto leyo abancinane kakhulu mveliso ezikhuphisanayo.

Ngoko ke, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ngokwaneleyo phakathi yentabalala labavelisi ukukhetha uhlobo onesidima, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba banikele ingqalelo ngokukodwa iimpawu imveliso kunye nokusingqongileyo yokusebenza.

algorithm Uthelekelelo yezenzo ngexesha ukufakela LED

Ukuba kukho nokuba ulwazi nakancinane electrics kunye namava kwafuneka nokufakela naziphi izibane, i-LED kunokuba ukuzama nokuseka ngokwam. Okokuqala kufuneka uqinisekise izibane ziyasebenza. Ulandelelwano yezenzo kufuneka kwenziwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• ukufunda lweempawu zobugcisa uze ubale volts ezininzi kangakanani odla LED mnye;
• isixhobo sokuzoba scheme uqhagamshelo kuqwalaselwa ombane;
• yokubala ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwisekethe yombane;
• Okulandelayo kufuneka ukhethe unikezelo amandla weza amandla, isenokuba yiyo umqhubi;
• enemilenze LED wabonisa wokwephuka, apho kuyimfuneko ukuba solder iingcingo;
• ukuqhagamshela supply amandla;
• ukufakelwa ama kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo;
• Ukuba yonke into ingendlela, kuyimfuneko ukuba umlinganiselo iimpawu ezifana umlinganiselo wamandla osetyenzisiweyo, ubushushu, ombane;
• ukulungiswa of current yombane;
• ukuxoxa kangangesiqingatha seyure - nto yenzekayo ngexesha ufakelo lokuqala ukwenzela ukuthintela nobushushu le-LED kubhetele ukuthenga kwi zeendawana ngohlobo leenkwenkwezi.

Ngexesha lo msebenzi, ingakumbi xa loo nto iimveliso eTshayina, kuyimfuneko ngamanye amaxesha ukuba indawo LED. Ufikelelo bezifo, ekutshintshweni iya kwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo phambi izixhobo eziyimfuneko. isibane Untwisted usebenzisa i-digital ilight multimeter prozvanivat. Nabo ke, ekhanya, yaye abanye babo ngeke isebenze. Okungeyomfuneko ama desoldering kwaye itshintshwe ukuze ezintsha. Kakade ke, oku kwenzeka xa LED replacement luyafumaneka, ungathatha isibane endala kulo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho Ukongeza popular i "Arduino". LED ngokudibanisa kuyo, ungenza flash. IBhodi "Arduino" liye amathuba amaninzi, nina amagalelo, kwaye oko elidityaniswe phantse nasiphi na isixhobo. Le nkqubo iyakwazi ukufumana imiyalezo evela izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, apho imikhosi kwenza kubo. Yimeko-bume lula kwaye elula program, ekulula ukuba ngisho umsebenzisi avareji.

Choice ukuba nemoto LED

Abaqhubi baya ukufudukela uhlobo olutsha kwezibane emotweni yakhe. Le isisombululo elungileyo ngokwenene kuphela ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza, kodwa ngokuphathelele inkangeleko emotweni. Auto zaguqulwa kakhulu, ukuzoba nhla abaqhubi idlula. LED-uhlobo izibane unako ngokukhuselekileyo indawo zonke izibane ezisetyenziswa emotweni.

Indlela ukukhetha ubungakanani kunye lukhanyiso izibane waqhekeza ngaphambili?

Uninzi ishishini auto usebenzisa lo isibane ngaphandle cap esifakwe emnyango phakathi zemoto. Inzuzo LED na ukumelana zabo nayiphi ubushushu, ukusukela ukuba zibekwe kufutshane izibane zokukhanyisa eziziintloko shushu ngokugqithisileyo ngembonakalo yikristale kunye nokusilela yayo kwexesha. Ngenxa yoku, ukhetho kwezibane kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo LED - ubukho somfanekiso yombane.

Xa iibhalbhu kukhethwa kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo uthotho zabo, umzekelo, SF series, nangona kungekho somfanekiso, kakhulu ezifanelekileyo imoto kuba sele kukho inani elikhulu ilight kwaye isebenza ngaphezulu uluhlu olubanzi, ngokugqibeleleyo zicacisa isithuba.

Kufuneka kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo ubungakanani isibane, njengoko kuboniswa umzekelo SF - kakhulu isixhobo enkulu. Kufuneka ube ucinga olungileyo phambi kokuthenga network.

Kananjalo uthotho ethandwayo ubungakanani - SMD, eye ukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa imali.

lights bakhulise Car

Le stoplights angasemva athathiweyo ukuze kuxhotyiswe LED phantsi zoqhagamshelwano-mbini. Le series kakhulu ethandwa: MSD, kunye 14NR 3h1W. Baye iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, inani ezahlukeneyo ilight. Kodwa ke bonke ukusebenza eliphezulu. Ezi LED ziqaqambile kwaye nokunika ukukhanya olunzulu kunye nobomi inkonzo ende.

Eyona ezingabizi kakhulu - SF series izibane.

LED wangaphakathi

Ngaphambi kokukhetha izibane zangaphakathi kufuneka amisele uhlobo zokukhanya kunye nexabiso eluphahleni.

Ingaphakathi kufuneka zikhethwe uhlobo isibane ojingayo - oko isixhobo lume, ubukhulu 31-41 mm. Ukwahlula iintlobo 3 LED wangaphakathi.

1. Isilingi ebekwe kwi isinxibelelanisi endaweni iibhalbhu omdala ukukhanya eqhelekileyo. Ngomhla ubungakanani LED ezinjalo phantse twatse izixhobo zokukhanyisa eqhelekileyo, ukuba asetyenziswa xa akunakwenzeka ngenxa yexabiso elincinane yophahla ukusebenzisa enye isibane.
2. Ii-LED ezinkulu kuno ibhalbhu eqhelekileyo. Phambi ukufaka imfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba esi sixhobo kufanelekile inshorensi. Ngenxa ukunyuka ubungakanani amakhulu kunye nenani ilight kwi isibane. Ngoko ke, lo ukhanyiso kuba licace ngakumbi kunesiqhelo.
3. Matrix ibamba inani elikhulu ilight. Ukuba isitya mkhulu ngokwaneleyo kwaye inokuthatha matrix ebuxande, olu hlobo kwezibane iya kuba ecacileyo kakhulu igcwaliswe.

Uhlobo esikhanyisa elingaphakathi kusetyenziswa SF okanye SMD.

Ukongeza, iimoto zisetyenziswa kakhulu izibane inkungu replacement kwi isibane LED. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe abaqhubi abafuna ukuma phakathi abanye ilayithi LED iribhoni kunye "Angel Eyes."

UPawulos

LED - oku na imveliso engenye omkhulu iibhalbhu yakudala, leyo kunceda ukusombulula ingxaki kwezibonelelo izibane ayonelanga. Nokuba ngexabiso eliphezulu ngaphezu ibhalbhu eqhelekileyo, ukuba utyalo omkhulu, kuba LED unako ukukhonza ngaphezu konyaka omnye yaye uya kumnika isibane indlu eliqaqambileyo imoto.