Izilonda wesibeleko precancerous. isifo wesibeleko: oonobangela, iimpawu, isifo kwaye afumane unyango

Xa iiseli eziqhelekileyo wesibeleko ehlanganiswa epithelium wakubo carcinomas. Wenziwe ziimaleko amathathu: Basal, eliphakathi ezingekhoyo. Naluphi na utshintsho kwi nokwanda okanye umahluko kweeseli epithelial, oogqirha ukuze kubizwa ngokuba dysplasia. Eli binzana kudla ngokuthiwa zonke izilonda wesibeleko precancerous.

izifo kunokwenzeka

Oogqirha ichonge iimeko lwezidumbu, leyo ngokuyimfuneko kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo. Ngenxa yoko, iqela eyahlukileyo zadityaniswa ekuthiwa-iinkqubo imvelaphi. Ezi ziquka ukhukuliseko lokwenyaniso, leukoplakia elula, polyp, ectopia umlomo wesibeleko erythroplakia. imeko precancerous ngokwahlukeneyo zabelwe ngokuba neoplasia nesele sisaziwa wesibeleko okanye dysplasia. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba imvelaphi kunye predkartsernyh kwiimo Pathogenesis ezahlukeneyo.

Kodwa ke imvelaphi kunye ngokubonakala izilonda precancerous kunye nomhlaza ziyafana. Esinye isizathu abaninzi ekuthiwa HPV. Ngaloo ndlela, ubukho bale ntsholongwane papilloma emzimbeni akuyongqinisekiso oko qiniseka ukuba somhlaza. Kodwa abo bafazi abaye bafumanisa imeko pre-ngumhlaza wesibeleko 90% yamatyala iye ene-HPV. Kodwa ke kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba ngaphezu kwe-60 iintlobo uthe umthondo intsholongwane ichaphazela malunga-20, kunye 11 zithathwa yezinga serotypes.

papillomavirus

Abantu abaninzi abazi ukuba bomzimba wabo HPV. Ezinye sifo lwenzeka ngendlela afihlakeleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abathwali ntsholongwane, kodwa naziphi mpawu ke akunjalo. Xa uhlobo subclinical kwafunyaniswa utshintsho cytological. Ngokwezonyango kwacaca HPV agqibe xa wabona condylomas exophytic kunye endophytic.

Avamise kakhulu ke th 16 th 18 papillomavirus serotype. Usulelo ngokuqhelekileyo azithathelwa ngqalelo ngokupheleleyo kwaye ikhatshwe yi inkangeleko naziphi na iimpawu. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo intsholongwane yosulela iseli, ukuba yakhiwe singene ikhowudi yazo yemfuza iqala phindana iiseli sifo. Ekugqibeleni Oku kukhokelela yamehlo lwabo lube unobangela dysplasia okanye umhlaza.

Kodwa kukholelwa ukuba indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso susceptibility sifo udlala epithelium ngamnye bekhubazekile na iindlela zokukhusela.

Abalinganiswa iinkqubo yangasemva

Gynecologists ukuxilonga ezinye izifo bangaba wesibeleko obubonakala ngokuba utshintsho ethile. Ngoko ke, oogqirha esiwaphawula ngayo ukhukuliseko oyinyaniso, isegazini nolobuxoki.

Nkqu amantombazana elivisayo ugqirha kwi survey uyakwazi ukubona ukududulelwa le epithelium columnar. Emva kokuba Colposcopy, kuyacaca ukuba Kukhazimlayo obomvu ngombala. Ngelo paint efanayo ngayo kunye nesisombululo "Lugol" akunakwenzeka. Le meko idla ngokuba pseudo okanye ectopia. Kunokuba iziphene okanye lufundiwe. Kodwa oku zikwimeko precancerous wesibeleko, ukuze ukhukuliseko abanjalo badinga unyango. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuba niyenze rhoqo.

Ukuba inwebu yomguli kwiinwebu emjelweni wesibeleko zocaphulo kwinxalenye kusisi wesibeleko, ngoko eli imeko kuthiwa ectropion. Le yindibaniselwano kukuqulungana deformation yethishyu wesibeleko kunye pseudo. Ngosuku loviwo, ugqirha uyakwazi ukubona intamo gqitha kunye noqhoqhoqho okanye neswili kwashiya kunye amabala abomvu epithelium columnar. Kaninzi zinokuba ummandla yotshintsho.

Enye inkqubo wesiqalo ngulo leukoplakia, igama sifo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "indawo emhlophe". Kule sifo cornified ekuhlaleni epithelium multilayer. Ngaloo stroma malunga imithambo yegazi kwakheka lingene. Leukoplakia ingaba elula, ngoko ke kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba iinkqubo yangasemva. Ukuba le sifo kuvela iiseli ezingaqhelekanga, ngoko sithetha precancer.

Enye sifo erythroplakia, kodwa wafumana ivame kakhulu. Eli gama ngokoqobo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "spot ebomvu". Kule meko, wakubo epithelium yoma, oko ayebekwa ukuya maleko ezininzi. iiseli esiPhakathi shwaka. Esebenzisa epithelium thinned iimpahla iyakhanya, ngoko izahlulo khangela ngathi amabala abomvu.

Kwakhona, xa usibona ugqirha uyakwazi ukubona neziqu, Bathiwe wambu epithelium. Ewe kuthiwa polyp. Le mfundo eqaqambileyo epinki, esenokuba amagqabi-okwe okanye lume. Baxhomekile ukusuka os wesibeleko.

Ezibangela ukhukhuliseko

Ngokufuthi, iingxaki zafunyanwa ngexesha kuhlolwa okanye Colposcopy. Ukuba ugqirha ebona utshintsho, loo nto uchaze into ebonakala ukukhukuliseka wesibeleko. Ngenxa yoko, ezingunobangela ezixhaphakileyo zezi:

- izifo ezosulelayo, phakathi apho chlamydia ixhaphakileyo, itrichomoniasisi, ukuvuza ngaphantsi, ureaplasmosis, herpes genetalny, papillomavirus;

- isifo zangasese arhabaxa;

- umonakalo ukuya ndizayo uxakaxa;

- utshintsho hormone.

Ngenxa yoko, utshintsho epithelium wakubo, apho maleko ukubambelela kakuhle kwaye lathamba wapakisha, maxa wambi exfoliated nezonakeleyo. Kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba oku izihlandlo ezi-5 ngaphezulu eziqhelekileyo kwabasetyhini kunye yezitenxo sexesheni, babe ukhukuliseko ngakumbi wesibeleko. Endaweni zokubumba le epithelium umaleko columnar desquamated.

mandundu ibizwa ngokuba ukusilela kumjikelo, utshintsho rhoqo namaqabane, umsebenzi ngesondo kwangoko, nokwehla nezifo. Abaninzi kwabo abaye bafumanisa ezi ngxaki, anomdla ingaba kukho naziphi na izithintelo xa ukhukuliseko wesibeleko sele unesifo. Yintoni na enawe kwesi sifo? Nayiphi nzima akukho izithintelo. Kubalulekile ukuba nje iliso rhoqo yi ugqirha, uthabathe zonke iimviwo eziyimfuneko ukuba angandishiyi unyango emiselweyo.

Uxilongo iinkqubo yangasemva

Njengomthetho jikelele, amabhinqa kunye umlomo wesibeleko enesifo ku yintoni na ukukhalaza. Nayiphi erosions akukho zimpawu. Liyinyaniso elokuba, kukho ezinye ukubhobhoza ezimhlophe, nto leyo musa ukuba waziva. Emva neentlobano kunokwenzeka zokubona okanye sanies. Kulo mzekelo, ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukubona ugqirha. Uyakwazi ukuvavanya kurhulumente, ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba kukho ukukhukuliseka wesibeleko. Igama sifo kwimeko enjalo ke kubaluleke nakakhulu ukuba ngugqirha. Oku kuvela ingxaki ezichongiweyo ziya kuxhomekeka qhinga olunye unyango.

Ngosuku loviwo Usinga kukhangeleka ngathi ibala ebomvu emise okudodobalisa. Imela phandle nxamnye yangaphakathi luthuthu. Ngexesha Colposcopy, kuyacaca ukuba iindawo ngxaki zizele ebomvu papillae ngeenxa okanye lume imilo, ngenxa kumphezulu wazo Kubonakala ngathi velvet. Musa ukoyika Colposcopy yi uhlolo nje usebenzisa isixhobo okhethekileyo, elinako ukwandisa isabelo amaxesha 30-40.

Uxilongo zezifo ezifana leukoplakia, ikwaveza akukho nzima. Ezinye izigulane Ingaphandle iseli horny iyabonakala ngeliso lenyama zikhangeleka ngathi amabala amhlophe, ezinyuka ziye kwi ectocervix (inxalenye wesibeleko nibonise kungena ikuku). Abanye kungabonwa kuphela ngexesha Colposcopy. Kuba lokufunyaniswa izihlunu wesibeleko ukuze ziphathwe nge-ayodini. iindawo horny abahlukunyezwa na imibala brown, bakhangeleka ngathi umphezulu wambu ezimhlophe film. Ukuze kucacisa uhlobo leukoplakia (mmandla okanye iiseli Nedlac) eziyimfuneko ukwenza biopsy.

Kwakhona, xa usibona ugqirha uyakwazi ukubona cysts kwi wesibeleko. izinto zabo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- izifo zangasese engabangela uphuhliso izifo arhabaxa;

- ukulimala wesibeleko ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana, isisu, dilatation kunye curettage ;

- izifo hormone.

Cysts bafana iingxowa azele yencindi yomlomo. Baya siphuma Nabothian namadlala, ekhangeleka ngathi ukudumba ezincinane ezimhlophe. Ukuba kukho ukusilela kumsebenzi wabo, ukuba imibhobho zivaliwe. Kwimeko apho zibonakale xa usibona kwingxowa enye kuphela, oko kuthiwa endometriodnyh cyst. Kodwa kukho amaxesha apho kukho ezininzi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha ithi cysts Nabothian kwi wesibeleko. wabo, kungakuhle ukufumana phandle. Emva imbonakalo yabo kuxhokonxwa zizifo ekufuneka ngayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oogqirha bacebisa omnye kuphela indlela yonyango - kususwa cysts. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi puncturing ingxowa, susa iindawo yencindi yomlomo kunye nokusebenza ezincangathi ingenzeka yayo.

Amaqhinga zonyango

Kwiimeko apho ugqirha ibhaqa ingxaki wesibeleko, kufuneka kukuxelela ukuba ufuna ukwenza okulandelayo. Ngoko ke, okokuqala zonke ubambe Colposcopy lwengcali, undithabathele iimviwo cytological lo myalezo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukunika ukwenza biopsy. Le saveyi elipheleleyo le yamsikela ukusukela oko kubonakala ukukhukuliseka wesibeleko. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukwenza smears phezu nezihluma, ukuqaphela ukuba kukho usulelo. Kunyanzelekile ukuba ufumanise ukuba isigulana une-HIV, negcushuwa okanye ihepatitis. Ukongeza, ukuba ugqirha uyakwazi ukunika indlela yokwenza nokuvavanyelwa Trichomonas, ureaplasma, HPV, chlamydia, mycoplasmas, Gardnerella.

Wena ke ukuqhubeka kunyango. Kuxhomekeke kwisayizi, ebangela abantu, kunye neminye imiba ugqirha uya kunikela yangoku cauterize intamo isibeleko, ukwenza cryotherapy, laser coagulation okanye usebenzise indlela wave erediyo.

Kwezinye iimeko, nje ukubukela ukukhusele. amacebo ezinjalo umnyulwa kwiimeko apho ifumaneka ekuhlanganisweni kweentombi nulliparous. Kakhulu, bona isizathu utshintsho yayo hormone ukwenzeka.

Inkcazelo zonyango

Moxibustion yenye yeendlela ezininzi eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ngoxa inkqubo eninzi yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngenxa cauterization ungeniselo loloyiko kakhulu, umlomo imxinwa kwijelo wesibeleko. Ukongeza, ukuphiliswa emva kokuba inkqubo kuthatha ixesha elide. Ke, phezu kwazo zonke iziphene, kaninzi usebenzisa moxibustion ukhukuliseko wesibeleko. Ukuphonononga zibonisa ukuba inkqubo kungemnandi, kodwa kubuhlungu kakhulu ukuba ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba. abafazi abaninzi nje malunga imvakalelo kabi esiswini asezantsi. Ukongezelela koko, emva kokuba nkqubo inokuba yokumpompoza lobufazi.

Ugqirha kufuneka kwakhona ukuthintela inani ukulinganiselwa. Kuyinto inyanzelekile ukuba ibe ukuphumla ngesondo ubuncinane inyanga emva kokuba le nkqubo. Kukho kwakhona ubunzima kokususa imingcele - unako zinganxitywa hayi ngaphezulu kwe-2 kg. Lo mthetho phezu ngamagumbi ashushu, ezibhateni, ngokuthatha ezibhateni, ukusebenzisa amandla umthambo.

Cryodestruction kukhokelela kokunciphisa wesibeleko. Ngaphezulu, ngenxa yokuba le nkqubo iya iingqameko os wesibeleko. wabiza cryotherapy ngokugqithiseleyo buhlungu akunakwenzeka, izigulane kuphazamisa ivumba ehamba ezingemnandi.

Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukusebenzisa iindlela phambili ngakumbi, ezifana unyango radio-ngumtshangatshangiso sokhukuliseko wesibeleko. Wenza izixhobo ezikhethekileyo "Surgitron". Eziqulathwe electrode kuyo imitha amaza aphezulu rhoqo, kwakha ubushushu xa sidibana kunye kwizihlunu zomzimba. Kulo mzekelo, iiseli babebonakala ngumphunga.

Kwakhona kucingwa ukuba unyango laser olusebenzayo kakhulu. Ukwazi umqadi kwamaza ebangela ukuba iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ziyasuswa. Kulo mzekelo, ancedisana ezingqongileyo achaphazeleka kancinane. Le ndlela ithathwa ebuhlungu ubuncinane.

Iimpawu ze dysplasia

Amaninzi emathunjini precancerous xa amanxeba ebuhlungu wesibeleko. Nika ingqalelo eyodwa kufuneka ukuba abo ukhukuliseko wesibeleko. Umhlaza kwisiqalo ukuba ngenkankulu ziqala ukukhula, kodwa intsimi dysplasia kwezinye iimeko zifumaneka nje kwisiqalo pseudo.

Iingcali bachonga izigaba ezithathu kwesi sifo. isidanga sokuqala kuthiwa ukukhanya. Xa wabulala ingxenye yaso - i carcinomas parabasal iiseli epithelial. Umphantsi nomphezulu kuqhelekile. Iimpawu yangaphandle sifo bengekho. Oku kungabonwa kuphela ngexesha cytology, kokuphalwa kufuneka zithathwe kakhulu.

In bolwesibini udidi - dysplasia eliphakathi - utshintsho kungachaphazela ukuya ku 2/3 zeeseli epithelial. Kweli nqanaba iiseli Nedlac kufuneka kungabi.

Xa dysplasia kakhulu le nokwanda degree yesithathu kunye nohlenga iiseli kwenzeka kuphela umaleko komhlaba. Lo maleko aseleyo abachaphazelekayo. ukuhlola ezichanisekileyo lubonisa ubukho neseli atypia.

Nokuxilonga dysplasia ayikho simple kangaka. Isifo lwenzeka ngaphandle iimpawu ngokukhawuleza, loo nto ayinayo iimpawu isici. Ngosuku loviwo, ugqirha uye akwazi ukufumanisa ectopia, leukoplakia, papilloma bona. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka xa dysplasia ukuba wesibeleko ayikatshintshi.

A uphethwe kwenzeka cytology smear othathwe wesibeleko. Ukuba ngexesha zophando, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukuthatha impahla iye neseli dikariozom (utshintsho ngumongo), oko kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba histology. Yenziwe izinto athathwa ngexesha biopsy.

Izinto ezibangela dysplasia

Kwiimeko ezininzi kunzima ukuqonda oko isiseko ukuvela iingxaki amalungu okuzala yabafazi. Kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi engabangela ukuqala sifo. Umzekelo, ukuba ogulayo yaseZimbabwe kwi wesibeleko, ngoko ke kwizihlunu ukungondleki. Kwaye loo nto ibe negalelo kuphuhliso sifo.

Xa ukunisa zinto nazo zibandakanya:

- Ukuphazamiseka omzimba kunye hormone;

- ubukho izilonda ilunga - kuyingozi ummandla lenguqu phakathi kwe epithelium caba zezindlu, siyakhuthazeka xa inxalenye olungaphandle emqaleni;

- ubukho ngayo iifayile HPV umngcipheko High umzimba.

Imiba yomngcipheko zezi zilandelayo:

- phambi kokuqala ngesondo umsebenzi intombi ngelo xesha, xa epithelium sele ayakhekanga ngokufanelekileyo;

- sebenzisa ixesha elide izicwangcisi hormone intrauterine;

- inzala multiple;

- ebusweni zosulelo, ngokwabelana ngesondo;

- ngokwaneleyo kunye ukuswela iivithamini C, A beta-carotene.

Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba umphumo yimbonakalo ezi zifo ezichaphazela abasetyhini kunye nempilo yabantu. Smegma eqokelela phantsi ijwabi kunokubangela ukuba kuya emathunjini wesibeleko precancerous. Oku kungenxa kubukho kuyo kwezinto umhlaza, ezisebenza ngexesha lili wesibeleko.

iindlela ezinokwenzeka of da ingxaki

Amaqhinga unyango kuxhomekeka ekubeni iqondo dysplasia kwafunyaniswa. Ngoko kwinqanaba lokuqala idla kucetyiswa ukubukela nje zabafaki zeethishu kwaye enze unyango ngendeb ', nto leyo ijolise ekupheliseni ezibangela isifo kunokwenzeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubanjwa unyango antiviral okanye antibacterial eyenzelwe ukuphelisa kwamagciwane. Xa engekho nemiba ezintle, ngokunjalo kwezo meko, xa kanye dianostirovana 2nd dysplasia okanye isidanga se-3, ke kucetyiswa unyango ngotyando.

Kulo mzekelo, oko kwenziwa kwakunye cauterization sokhukuliseko wesibeleko. Ukuphonononga abonisa ukuba le ndlela kuba neziphumo ezihle kakhulu. Kwakhona, cryosurgery okanye laser unyango zingasetyenziswa. Kwezinye iimeko, isicelo diatermokonizatsiya. Le ndlela sikuko yokuba inwebu kancincane excised ngokohlobo ikhowuni, badalwa leyo ijoliswe kwabo os lwangaphakathi. kwiindawo ekude kwithishyu wathumela ngakumbi ngenxa histology.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba izigulane dysplasia umngcipheko nomhlaza amaxesha 10-20 ngaphezulu kunabo bangenayo le ngxaki. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala kukho amathuba ophuhliso reverse isifo - oku kwenzeka xa malunga nesiqingatha amatyala. Kodwa 40% abasetyhini iya inkqubela, abanye - ukuze akwazi ukuzinzisa.

angakhetha

Ukuva emibi ngenxa uxilongo, asingabo bonke bavumelane unyango ngendlela yesintu. Nokuba ugqirha kubonisa kakhulu nokuthantamisa kunye nendlela kakhulu eyiyo unyango radiowave sokhukuliseko wesibeleko, kukho abo bangafuniyo unyango.

Bambi baqalisa ukukhangela iindlela ezizezinye. Eyona ethandwayo douching yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano tincture of calendula (1 hr. L. On ¼ amanzi indebe), zomgamtriya (1 hr. L., exutywe iglasi yamanzi), ioli lesi kunye nee-tampons okanye mummies.

Kodwa akukho zonke iinketho enokwenziwa njengonyango womlomo amayeza womthonyama. Amanye amaxhwele bacebisa ukuphisa ngenxa douching Wort St. kaYohane ngomlinganiselo 1 tbsp. l. isiqingatha nelitha amanzi abilayo. Ingca kufuneka iphekiweyo malunga 10 imizuzu kwaye cinezela kangangeyure ubuncinane.

Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni ayeke uncedo abaqeqeshiweyo kwaye ziya kuthathwa yi ezi ndlela, ngoko uye ugqirha rhoqo ukwenzela ukuba kubekwe esweni imeko wesibeleko. Kuphela ngale ndlela kuya kubakho ixesha ukubona ukwehla zama ukulungisa le meko.