Isixhobo sangaphandle yokugcina (TSD): iimpawu, imisebenzi, kunye yokuhlela.

Nabani na computer yakho okanye kwi laptop yakho na qiniseka ukuba weva izixhobo zangaphandle ukugcina ulwazi, kodwa yintoni na noko kubonakala ngathi ukubona enyanisweni ukuba akwenzeki. Lixesha lokuba kupheliswe izikhewu kulwazi kunye aqhelane-elektroniki emangalisayo kunye nobuchwepheshe ukuba unako ukwenza ubomi lula ukuba nawuphi na umsebenzisi.

Ugxininiso kulo nqaku, izixhobo zokugcina yangaphandle. Umfundi ukuba ukuze ubone ukuba zikhangeleka njani na, mgaqo kwabo ukusebenza kunye njongo ephambili yale isicelo obu bugcisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Kwakhona, umsebenzisi uya simazi izixhobo zale mihla, iimpawu zabo, iintlobo kunye yokuhlela.

Kukho Kufuneka kusoloko isizathu

Nayiphi into into yokuzoba elivela kwimarike, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo banikwe umsebenzi, okanye ezintsha of sidingo avele. isixhobo sangaphandle (TSD) ezifunekayo ukugcina data. Ngaphezu koko, ulwazi kwiimeko ezinjalo, iye ininzi kakhulu kwaye kufuneka igcinwe ngengqibelelo ixesha elide. Ngako oko, ebonakalaliswe kunye neemfuno kwisixhobo hardware: Ambiance kwi ukuthembeka ngaphandle oko akusayi kubangela. Noko ke, umfundi kufuneka bazi ukuba kukho imisebenzi ezincinane ukongeza kwiimfuno ezingundoqo:

• Isantya ukurekhodwa data - oluphezulu na, ngcono ngenxa umsebenzisi;
• ngeendleko isixhobo yokurekhoda nokunika eendaba ;
• inkxaso yeBitLocker - kukho data ezifihlakeleyo;
• SoGuquguquko lweProgram - kakuhle, xa majelo zifundwe ngeyahlukileyo icomputer.

Njengoko ibonisa practice, ukufumana isixhobo iphela ukuba wayeza kuba nako ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno, akunakwenzeka. Ngoko ke, abathengi badla ukubhenela balancing, isigqibo ngokwabo izinto ezibalulekileyo kubo. Xa kunjalo, umsebenzisi ngamnye emarikeni kufuneka kanye oko.

Ukuphela ufaneleke indlela

abafundi abaninzi baya kuba nomdla ukuhlelwa izixhobo zokugcina lwangaphandle. Kwathi nje ukuba kwimarike ikhompyutha kukho umsantsa engqongqo imveliso kwi neendlela zabo ezisisiseko:

1. Capacitive. Kwimeko ezinkulu-isikali lwamashishini, eye uvimba omkhulu, ezizezi amandla eendaba uba kwindawo yokuqala. Apha sithetha ubuncinane terabytes ezilishumi, ekufuneka zigcinwe yonke imihla.
2. Speed. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ingxelo fast aniswele kuphela kumashishini kunye nemibutho apho ufuna ukugcina isiqulatho multimedia (audio and ividiyo). Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwiimeko ezinjalo akukho umbuzo endawo yokugcina ixesha elide.
3. Simple. Xa ingxenye ekhaya kwindawo yokuqala ixabisa iindleko kunye usebenziso olulula. Kungokwemvelo ukuba umsebenzisi avareji akayi kuba ngezisebenzelwanoezibuya eyolukileyo nesantya recording eliphezulu nolwazi lokufunda.
4. Ezinokuthenjwa. Le bemfuno uchazwa ngcono njenge ixesha elide, kuba ingqiqo kukuthembeka kuzo zonke eendaba iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo.

Yaye ngaba kuyimfuneko?

Ukuqeshwa kumacebo okugcina angaphandle, umthengi ngamnye eyahlukileyo. amashishini amakhulu kufuneka ukugcina utshintsho mihla le ledatha. Isibakala sokuba ulwazi oluninzi nje ayikwazi ukufakwa ngokusekelwe iiseva ezininzi kunye neekhompyutha ezininzi. Yaye kanye amaxwebhu lamathuba zangaphambili kufuneka siphathwe rhoqo, umzekelo, ukuba abahlalutyi okanye ingxelo.

abasebenzisi Ekhaya ukuba uzakubuyela lula up imidiya, ukugcina iifoto, iividiyo okanye umculo. Hi ndlela leyi, abanini ezininzi iikhompyutha kunye laptops ngokungazi bakholelwa ukuba ulwazi njalo ngokukhuselekileyo agcinwe kwi-hard drive. Noko ke, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba ubomi-hard drive esoloko yokusebenza kakhulu sinciphile kwaye ulwazi eli phepha ukuze nje elahlekile. Ukuze ezi njongo, yaye baxhotyiswe kunye iikhompyutha lwabasebenzisi ku-kwivenkile DVD-ROM drive, ekwaziyo nokuzibhala disks ezamehlo.

yokukhanya jikelele

Ewe, abeendaba, IiCD enombala zezona mzekelo ilula. Kukho izixhobo sangaphandle, CD-, DVD-, HD- kunye Blu-Ray-adume ngazo. Isibaluli yezithuthi enjalo ukuthembeka aphezulu yokugcina data. Kuyinto-avareji yeminyaka 70-100. Noko ke, eli nani kunokwenzeka kuphela sokhuselo ethembekileyo nxamnye disks emzimbeni.

Njengoko le ncwadi, sele kukho umahluko ocacile ngokweendidi, apho CD- kunye DVD-diski unikwa 700 MB no-4 GB, ngokulandelelana, kunye namajelo eendaba Blu-Ray - 25-50 gigabytes. Ikhula ngokufanayo ukusuka umthamo kunye neendleko yokubhala isixhobo, kunye abathwali. Musa ukulibala malunga nezinga kwirekhodi - ukusukela isixhobo woqondo lisetyenziswa indlela disk-line (laser-ngoko omnye), uze ubhale disk amandla enkulu kufuna ixesha elininzi.

Izincomo iingcali IT

Noko ke, isixhobo sangaphandle enombala ye computer usathandwa phakathi kubasebenzisi ekhaya, kwaye ezifunwayo kumashishini amancinci, apho kukho uxwebhu, okanye kukho database encinane. Iingcali Siyaleza kwakhona ukunika imiyalelo eqhelekileyo DVD-ROM drive. Into yokuba ifowuni phakathi kwiimpawu yegolide "ixabiso-esemgangathweni". Ewe, ukudibana kunye kubasebenzisi azinakuze iingxaki.

Abasebenzisi kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo amathuba ukubhalwa data (nangona kuya kufuneka ukuba uthenge kumajelo efanelekileyo). Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, umthengi uya kufumana isixhobo ofanele sangaphandle, leyo ezininzi iimpawu eziyimfuneko. umiselwe kakuhle kwi abenzi drive kwimarike enombala LG, Samsung kunye Asus. Kodwa sasazo ngakumbi ukuthenga ibrendi Verbatim - le nkampani akunjalo kweemveliso ezineziphene.

imemori Non-simbi

Ewe, le flash yesiqhelo kunye SSD-drives kwakhona kuthathwa DDT, kodwa xa kufikwa ukusetyenziswa ekhaya, okanye nokugcinwa elifutshane elide data. Inyaniso yokuba amandla a memory non-simbi ezilulutho eziphakamileyo umlinganiselo "ixabiso-umqulu" nokungathembeki. Njengoko yokwenza ibonisa, lo USB flash drive ngokulula kukhokelela azisalungiseki kwi ekubhobhozeni yesiqhelo kagesi, nto leyo ebangelwa emzimbeni womntu. Olu phawu izixhobo zokugcina lwangaphandle mihla, kuyacaca baxhasa ngokudlala izixhobo ezibonakala zilula kwaye zithembeke.

Akukho mfuneko ukuba naziphi babebona ukuba minyaka le meko kunye utshintsho NAND-memory. Imiqulu iya kukhula ngokomlinganiselo ngqo ukuya iindleko. Ingxaki static ayikwazi ingasombululwa, ngokuba akuyi kubakho mfuneko yokuba abathengi ukuba bathenge izixhobo ezintsha. Amashishini aphakathi kunye elikhulu, kwakunye mveliso kunye namashishini imidiya ulwazi akunakwenzeka ukuba luncedo, njengomlondolozi ethembekileyo.

izixhobo ukungathembeki

Iingcali bacebisa zonke basandul 'ukuba abalufumani niwaziyo technology computer, abafakwanga bona kule uluhlu lwezixhobo sangaphandle njenge khadi kunye flash drive. Yinto Ayimangalisi ezi mveliso nkqu iifestile ezivenkileni ibekwe kwisebe lwezincedisi, hayi izixhobo zokugcina idatha enokuthenjwa.

Iingxaki ezininzi kule drives. Ukuqalela kusilela oluqhelekileyo ngenxa ombane static ophela umonakalo eziqhelekileyo emzimbeni ngokuthi afake okanye ngokudibana ukufuma kwi abafowunelwa kwefowuni. Ewe, le ndlela ayibizi, kulula ukuba ukusebenza kwaye umthamo omkhulu. Kodwa injongo yayo esisiseko - yinto yokugcina elifutshane elide data, apho kuyimfuneko kwimeko yezothutho. Xa iingenelo imveliso kunye nesiphelo.

Indlela ukukhetha flash drive?

Iimpawu bezixhobo sangaphandle ngokusekelwe Flash enye kuphela - yinto isantya yokubhala data. Akuyomfuneko ukuba umthengi ukuba bajonge inkangeleko okanye lula, umbala, okanye izixhobo, ngoko ke konke malunga umlawuli olungisiweyo, leyo kufuneka asebenze ngokukhawuleza, nokuba umthamo zokugcina kunye connectivity interface.

Ukuba sithethe kwiimemori khadi, ukhetho apha ilula - kufuneka ugxininise iklasi kwefowuni. I elisezantsi oko, icotha ulwazi irekhodwa yenethiwekhi. Ngokusesikweni, kungcono ukuba zincede zikhethe kwibakala 10 iilebhile Ultra. Ukuba sithetha brand, ezibubungqina emarikeni yenkampani olugqitha, Pretec, SanDisk kunye neQela.

Kodwa i USB-drives inzima kakhulu ngakumbi. Apha uninzi abenzi cwaka malunga isantya bhala. Le brand ayilo priori kuyimfuneko ukunikela ingqalelo. Zonke izixhobo ngesantya yokusebenza endilisekileyo ngqo kwi iphakheji ibonisa isantya yirekhodi USB 2.0 kwimo. izixhobo zokugcina lwangaphandle Kingston, olugqitha Pretec, kwaye apha, ke, kukho iinkokheli. Bhala isantya izixhobo ezifana idlula ngokucacileyo megabytes-10 ngomzuzwana. Kwaye ngenene sifumane befanelekile.

Umdla indlela yokuphuma

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izixhobo sangaphandle mihla, SSD disks eninzi, kunye nokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu, kwaye nokuthembeka endilisekileyo othile. Isibakala sokuba iiseli imemori non-eguqukayo phantsi kwempembelelo esigangeni yombane akukho ngaphezulu ukuya zero, njengoko kunjalo flash eqhelekileyo drives.

Ewe, njengoko hard drive SSD-drive yakho emva umonakalo akusekho unako ukusebenza. Kodwa uya kujika zibe induku enkulu, leyo ithathwe njenge iinkcukacha ezifakwe ngaphambili. Yiyo lo msebenzi itsala basenokuba ngabaxhamli ukuba iteknoloji entsha ngokupheleleyo kwimarike computer, ngokuba ukuthembeka yokugcina yinto ephambili kakhulu.

izisombululo Ready-eyenziwe kwimarike computer

iimpawu ezingundoqo izixhobo zokugcina lwangaphandle xa kufikwa SSD-drives, iindleko ubuncinane kwiyunithi iinkcukacha egciniweyo nganye. Oko kukuthi, umsebenzisi kufuneka amisele imveliso kwi kwimarike, ixabiso apho lihambisana umthamo. Ukuze ufumanise ukuba lilula kakhulu - kufuneka ukwahlula ixabiso kubungakanani SSD-drive. Ngoko ke umthengi uyazi kungakanani 1 gigabyte of iinkcukacha ezikuso eendaba. Kwi-avareji, iindleko 1 GB kufuneka abe ngaphezulu engange 10-15.

Kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba icebo kusilungele kuphela ukufumana idata esuka umthamo omkhulu (gigabytes kwama-640). Ewe, kunjalo. Ngokuphathelele yemiyinge ezithile, ukhetho mkhulu ngokwaneleyo. Inyaniso kukuba bonke abavelisi balwela ukuba sithandwe ngumthengi kwaye unike kwimarike ngenene imveliso befanelekile. brand esekwe kakuhle: olugqitha, Toshiba, Kingston kunye Samsung. Umthengi kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo izinga data, umenzi nganye eyahlukileyo.

Tsiba ngokusebenzisa eminyaka

Eyona isixhobo inokuthenjwa nesebenzayo ithathwa ukuba drive, leyo Unokurekhoda data kwi ezixineneyo kwiteyiphu iCartridge okhethekileyo. Ekubeni iimpawu ezingundoqo izixhobo zokugcina lwangaphandle - na ukuthembeka kunye Ambiance kuyo, kuya ukufumana ngaphezu kokuba isixhobo esinye ehlabathini, ukuba ezineempawu ezifanayo. Apha, ingxelo kulinganiswa kuphela terabytes, kwaye abaninzi, kodwa amakhulu. Njengoko uphawulo, ngoko ke akuyi kubakho nayiphi na imiba - nisazi isitshixo kwingcaciso ifihliwe, uyithabathe tape kuya kuba lula.

Ngokubanzi, ngokuba tape drives, zininzi software umdla onako ulungise (encode kwaye compress) data, ukuvumela abasebenzisi isiphelo ukwandisa mninzi data nokuthembeka yokugcina. Technology, nangona waphila ixesha layo, kodwa ngenxa yokunqongophala epheleleyo replacement, abaphuhlisi, badwelisi benkqubo kunye noochwephetsha omsebenzi wakhe inxulumene ngqo kwi tape drives, kuyimfuneko ukuba ngokuqhubekayo ngcono iyunithi kunye namajelo eendaba, ebangela buciko emsebenzini kangangoko.

Ukukhetha kusoloko

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abasebenzisi musa ukuba benaso emarikeni ngokwayo i drive. Into yokuba i-ukwenza isixhobo mveliso Russian kudala-kusekwa imveliso amakhadi iadaptha ezizodwa bayakwazi ukuba ahlanganise nenjini kunye ikhompyutha siqu. Noko ke, kulo mzekelo, kuya kufuneka i-adaptha kunye cassette.

isixhobo sangaphandle kwinkumbulo yekhomputha ebizwa i tape drive kwi umsebenzisi computer oqhelekileyo akuthethi ukufumana imarike. Le izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye na oya kuzifumana kuphela abathengisi abo benza ukunikezelwa kwezixhobo umncedisi. yaziwa nesisila HP kunye uDell. brand zemarike ngaphezu konyaka-elishumi omnye ikwaze intembeko abalawuli system kunye neengcali ze-IT. Akhoyo emarikeni kunye Chinese nabameli imveliso Lenovo. Zinika umsebenzisi a ukusebenza endilisekileyo, kodwa imfuno kuba ezintsha kodwa lisephantsi kakhulu.

Technology kwenkulungwane yokugqibela

izixhobo sangaphandle Magnetic ezifana njenge floppy diski okanye tape drive, yiba ethile omnye kakhulu, nto leyo ngokulula kungakhokelela ekulahlekeni ulwazi olubalulekileyo eendaba. Inyaniso yeyoba nawuphina umntu umazibuthe unako demagnetize. Oko kukuthi, nayiphi na into, ibekwe entsimini ekhethekileyo kagesi kube lula kutshatyalaliswa. Xa umongo cassette tape drive ye inkampani enkulu wagqiba ukuthutha kwaye sikugcine kwibhokisi ekhethekileyo, oko akuthethi nokudlulisela radiation electromagnetic.

Kwakhona kwi OVC, iingcali ezininzi zizama ukwenza Floppy ne ZIP-kuleyo. Thetha kwezi eendaba mfutshane. Technologies ziye efanelekileyo kuphela kwinqanaba wokuzalwa ye computer. Kwixa elizayo, ezi eendaba bayalishiya eli imarike kobugcisa ophezulu, kwaye ngoku nje ukuba zingathathwa ngokuba yokugcina idatha enokuthenjwa.

isisombululo zexabiso eliphantsi

Zizixhobo sangaphandle (zimoto) ezi disk hard drives eziqhelekileyo HDD. abasebenzisi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukuthembeka kwezi zixhobo enasilela ngayo kwamanye amajelo eendaba, Noko ke, le mbono ephosakeleyo. Isibakala sokuba loo iimpikiswano abafundi uzise enxulumene ukulahleka kwengcaciso ezibuthathaka kunye umonakalo omkhulu-bume ukusebenza Windows. Noko ke, bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba Iingcombolo ezilahlekileyo kube lula ezibuyiselwe ngoncedo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo.

Enyanisweni, kwidiski hard drives inkcazelo exabisekileyo kunokugcinwa phantse elishumi, kubalulekile ukujonga njalo ngokubhala data kwaye kumphakamo inkqubo ukuthembakala kumphezulu disk ngemagnethi. Hi ndlela leyi, hard drive rhoqo kwindawo yesibini emva i tape ngokuthenga ziyazuza kwi "ixabiso-volume" didi.

Ngaphandle iziphakamiso awuthengi

Ebona ukuba izixhobo zokugcina lwangaphandle nje eqhelekileyo nzima drives, umfundi uya kufuna ukwazi yeyiphi imveliso ukuba ukhetha, kuba akukho bathengi izivakalisi kakhulu ezahlukeneyo. Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, ukuze ingqalelo ngcono kubungakanani luphela, nto leyo lixhotyiswe nayiphi hard drive. Kwakhona ludlala indima ebalulekileyo, kwaye isantya yokuluka, nangona kunjalo, ukuba eli nani zinenjongo ezinxulumene noiseless - ezi parameters zimbini bomzimba umlinganiselo omnye komnye.

Ngokuphathelele ezikhethiweyo umenzi, kungcono ukuba zincede zikhethe brand ekhankanywe ingxelo umsebenzisi HIV: Seagate, Hitachi, Toshiba. Kwakhona, umthengi kufuneka akhokelwe, kwaye ixabiso gigabyte nganye ngokwahlula iindleko hard drive ukuba umthamo wayo. Ubuncinane, ngoko kunokwenzeka ukufumana phandle i nokwenzeka yentengo.

NAS-eqongeni, kwaye RAID-lens

Ukuthatha eli thuba, ndingathanda ukuqaphela ukuba isiseko yokugcina eqine ngemagnethi kukho iintlobo ezikhethekileyo ze kumacebo okugcina angaphandle. Sithetha yokudibanisa drives ezininzi kangangoko uluhlu data. Ekhethekileyo hardware isilawuli kunye nomgangatho software, uyakwazi ukwenza idiski, ukudala uqhagamshelwano enxuseneyo okanye serial. Kukho disks eziliqela zingenzelwa amalungiselelo njenge drive enye enkulu, okanye kukho amathuba phindo lwe data zirekhodishwe kwimidiya ezahlukeneyo yokubeka.

Apha yonke kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno kanye amakhono umsebenzisi. Ukhuseleko amaqoqo zokugcina zidalwe, leyo, njengesipili, phinda ulwazi olubalulekileyo. Kodwa ke ukusetyenziswa umthamo NAS-iinkqubo, ezinako ukukulumkisela ukulawula ukuhanjiswa kolwazi ngokukhawuleza ukufaka idatha ezibalulekileyo izinto ezigcina iinkcukacha.

Ekuphetheni

Nayiphi umsebenzisi uyavuma ukuba izixhobo zokugcina lwangaphandle lukwa yinxalenye ye computer yakho okanye kwi laptop yakho. Njengalo okanye hayi, ukuba igcine ethembekileyo data, umsebenzisi ufuna ukusebenzisa DDT, ekhetha ngokwazo ukhetho mhle ngokwemiqathango yokuhlela jikelele.

Kubonakala ukuba abathengi ezinokwenzeka kufuneka ukoyika kwesigama engaqhelekanga, ngokuba ayifihli ezininzi izixhobo ezaziwayo-kakuhle, wajamelana abafundi phezu yonke indawo yonke imihla.