Iminyaka lupine njenge umgquba oluhlaza. Lupine (umgquba oluhlaza): kulinywe

Xa ekhula nasiphi na isityalo kufuneka nokufaka isichumiso. Yokuba imvelaphi organic nemichiza. Kwelinye icala, yahlulwe izityalo umanyolo eziphilayo kunye koqoqobo kwesilwanyana. Organic efunyenwe Ukubetha ukhula kunye namalungu zezityalo a emihadini zomgquba elungiselelwe ngokukodwa. Kodwa kukho nenye indlela, nto leyo Ngokufa ukusetyenziswa encinane kwezolimo. Le umgquba ekuthiwa eluhlaza.

Imbali ukusetyenziswa umgquba oluhlaza

Kodwa umgquba eluhlaza iye yasetyenziswa ukuze nkulungwane ngaphezu kwesinye. Side siye kufika kule ndlela evela China nge kwiMeditera. kangako ngezinto ivundiswe ookhokho bethu amasimi Siyazi. Ngenkulungwane yama-20, ubhubhani wahlasela yokutshintsha elimiweyo nezichumiso kwizimbiwa. Kwaye oku kuyaqondakala. ibhegi ezingasetyenziswanga granules okanye powder, saa kulo lonke entsimini, uze ulindele isivuno. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha abantu baqala ukubona ukuba ezi nezichumiso ndawonye zinambuzane kunye imichiza kwehlisa umgangatho womhlaba kwaye babulala yonke into ephilayo kuwo. Kodwa ezincane ezahlukeneyo, iintshulube, kwindawo kuphela wahlala apho. Bona ukuphucula ubume bomhlaba, umgangatho walo nexabiso lesondlo. Ukongeza, iikhemikhali ukuba isiphumo kwezityalo siqhelane kuyo. Ngoko ke, abenzi ngakumbi nangakumbi baqala ukusebenzisa isityalo umgquba oluhlaza.

ukusebenza komgquba eluhlaza

Ubonwa ixesha elide, izazinzulu ziye ezikhethiweyo izityalo ezibangela isemhlabeni omhle kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Baye ngokuba luhlaza-esisemigqubeni. Izityalo emva kokuvuna, waza ke wangcwatyelwa kumhlaba. Neziqu, amagqabi ezi zityalo ziqulethe eninzi initrogen. Iingcambu angemi umgquba nitrogen eluhlaza emva ukulima umhlaba. Amagciwane ukuguqula iinxalenye izityalo zibe wamatye. Minerals yenziwa emva kweemaleko eziphezulu kwaye zenziwe zifumaneke ukuze kuhlwayelwa izityalo emva koko. Umhlaba uba loose kunye structured. Uphucula nomoya kwaye unyango lomhlaba zolwelo.

Ngenxa yoko siya kuba le meko zilandelayo: Imveliso umgquba oluhlaza ayiwenzi, kodwa inikeza imveliso yezityalo, nto leyo iya kuthi ibekwe kwisiza yeminyaka emihlanu-emithandathu ezayo.

umgquba Green zingasetyenziswa kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-nehumasi umgquba kwaye oxutywe kwezimbiwa. Ngapha koko, banikela emhlabeni iziqalelo kangangoko ezimbiwa luncedo, bangaphi kubo phambi ezweni ezithathiweyo. Kodwa ke iikhemikhali ngokusebenzisa umgquba oluhlaza kufuneka ngaphantsi kakhulu. Ukongeza, ukuba ifomu efanelekileyo amanani zizityalo.

Ixesha ukhule umgquba eluhlaza ngexesha yokulima kakhulu phezulu. Ngamanye amaxesha isixa ubunzima ngenxa kakhulu ngaphezu ezinqwenelekayo ukusetyenziswa njengendlela umgquba oluhlaza. Inxalenye ezingaphezu mfumba kwi emhadini umgquba kuqhubekeko oluphambili. Akukho mfuneko ukuba ndimngcwabe ngayo emhlabeni, ngokuba magciwane abanalo ixesha ukusebenza kuyo kwaye iqala ukuba bayaxabana apho. Kwaye imali engaphezulu kwe-nitrogen kunokonakalisa izityalo lusekiwe.

Iintlobo umgquba oluhlaza:

• Azotonakopiteli - imidumba, nto leyo eba initrojeni esuka emoyeni, eyihlangula emhlabeni.
• Azotosberegateli - ingca, ukuchumisa umhlaba kunye organic umcimbi yokubola. Abayi musa ukuvumela nitrogen leached.

Imidumba njengomgquba eluhlaza

Imidumba are azotonakopitelyam. Bona babe eziliqela eziluncedo:

• ukukhula ngokukhawuleza nokuba ubunzima nokuba kwimihlaba amahlwempu. iingcambu zikhula ikuvumela ukuba ndikhuphe izondlo emhlabeni anzongonzongo, ukuqokelela kubo, aze anike umphantsi nomphezulu emva kuqhutyekekwe. Ezi iinkcubeko yande ukusuka kg-30 ukuya kuma-35 ka-nitrogen 100 square metres nganye.
• Bona ukubola ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukhulisa kwimimandla zezulu ezahlukeneyo.
• Kwezi, umntu lula ukufumana iimbewu eliphezulu.
• iintlobo ivuthwa asetyenziswa ukuzilolonga interstices phakathi kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo.

Yintoni na indlela nitrogen abekwe? iintsholongwane eziguqula ikoloni iingcambu zesityalo. Aphila ke ngokuncedisana imidumba ezisebenzisa-90 ekhulwini nitrogen lwasemoyeni. I-10% ye umxholo iintsholongwane. Sinokuthi ukuba ziphatha izityalo. Kodwa Izibonelelo omabini amaqela. Ezintathu, ekubeni bonke ye-nitrogen ingena emhlabeni kunye nenkcubeko ophambili.

Ukuze yande ngempumelelo initrogen, iintsholongwane kufuneka ukufikelela kwi emoyeni. Ngoko ke kungcono alwa ngayo umsebenzi walo kwimihlaba evakalala.

iintsholongwane eziguqula

Ezinye zazo aphile ngokuncedisana kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo: ertyisi, neentlumaya, iimbotyi, ukutya ngazo. Iimbotyi "ibambisane" kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo iintsholongwane.

Ukusetyenziswa komgquba eluhlaza

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuthatha ingqalelo yokuba iindawo lwesikhululo imenza ukukhula. Ngoko ke musa kuchaphazela inkcubeko basic, linda de ukubola phantsi kwempembelelo ezincinane.

umgquba Green luhlwayelwa kuwa phezu kwintsimi ukuvunwa, kunye ekuqaleni iqabaka okulungiswe emhlabeni. Ubunzulu kuxhomekeke umgangatho womhlaba. Ukuba ukukhanya, kuba cm-12 ukuya ku-15, ubunzulu enzima kufuneka incitshiswe ukusuka cm-6 ukuya kwisi-8 ukuba umgquba oluhlaza ukuze umbe nzulu, abayi ukubola ..

Plant umgquba oluhlaza

Kukho izityalo ezininzi kunye iipropati efanayo. Phakathi kwazo kwakukho kakhulu ethandwa:

• Lupine.
• Vicat (ebusika nasentlakohlaza).
• Chin.

Sinenkangeleko eneenkcukacha kwi wokuqala.

lupine

Le isityalo esihle ukudla. Ungeniselo lwalo - iitoni 40 into eluhlaza ngehektare nganye kunye neetoni 2 iimbotyi. Xa iimeko zivuma, kusenokuba 80 m. Ubunzima eluhlaza iqulethe malunga ne-40% protein yemifuno. izinga Ukusetyenziswa amandla elanga lupine 4,79, ngoxa wiki - 1,98.

iintyatyambo Lupine mahle kakhulu kwaye nabalulamileyo. Bona ezilinywa kwigadi kunye flowerbeds. Bona okwentyatyambo ekuqaleni Meyi okwentyatyambo ihlobo lonke.

Lupine - enye umgquba best eluhlaza. Kuba Kwimihlaba sandy - basic. Ngenxa yoku, besebenzisa zonke iindawo kwisityalo. It elicebisa ngayo emhlabeni, akuyi kuphela izinto eziphilayo kunye nitrogen, kodwa phosphorus. Lupine njenge umgquba oluhlaza - siphu- ilungileyo lalamaqunube. Ukuba ingca kwaye sisinde emhadini umgquba, sifumana isichumiso, ngokukhawulezisa inani izondlo ubulongwe.

iintlobo lupine

Nabo endle, kukho malunga namakhulu amabini. Kodwa ezolimo isebenzisa iindidi ezintathu ngonyaka kwaye elinye ixesha elide.

angustifolia Blue. He is the iqabaka ezingatshiyo. Iintlobo eziphambili alkaloid Benyakonsky 484 Pink 399, 109. Bezalkaloidnye angustifolia: Bryansky 35 Nemchinovsky 846 Timir 1, Reserve 886.

Lupine Blue - umgquba oluhlaza, amila kumazwe sandy nezilwanyana ezohlukeneyo iasidi ikhawuleza kakhulu kwaye enzonzobila iingcambu (meters ukuya ku-2). Izilwanyana musani ukudla, ngenxa incasa yawo krakra kwaye isixa esikhulu sezakhi.

Lupine White - umgquba oluhlaza, bazithathe elungileyo imbalela. Uthanda ubushushu. Kubhetele ukuba ukuhlwayela nakwimihlaba echumayo calcareous nayiphi iasidi (umhlaba omnyama, imihlaba ezingwevu). Kakhulu nemveliso. Ingasetyenziswa ukuba ukondla imfuyo. Eyona engundoqo iintlobo: Horizon, Kiev njengesi.

Kuba srednesuglinistyh kunye kumhlaba oyisanti Sandy obambe yasetyenziswa lupine nonacidic yellow. neentyantyambo zaso zibe livumba enamandla amnandi. lupine Yellow - umgquba oluhlaza, ukulinywa isondlo iinkomo leyo yenza kube lula ukufumana izivuno aphezulu amazinga nokukhula izihlwele abaselula. Uyakuthanda ukuba akhule kumhlaba ofumileyo. Yellow, efana oluhlaza, ikhula kakuhle ashinyeneyo, neizvestkovannyh imihlaba.

Long-term (multivalent) lupine iqulathe amagqabi kunye nezikhondo lyupinin alkaloid. It oluhlala eninzi initrogen. Uyabathanda ukufuma kunye nokukhanya, hayi kubanda ebusika. Iminyaka lupine njenge umgquba oluhlaza unika ngama-60 kg ubunzima eluhlaza akile nganye. Yisebenzise ngohlobo:

• Kukucheba.
• Imali.
• Overseeding phantsi kophahla.

Kwakhona kusetyenziswa elima phantsi inkcubeko engundoqo.

Lupine umgquba oluhlaza yonyaka lisetyenziswa entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Oku kunegalelo umhlaba malunga nama-20 g ye-nitrogen square metre nganye. Ngaphandle yenza lupine iphosphate kunye ne potassium.

Lupine njengokuba umgquba oluhlaza lingahlwayelwa kwindawo enye kwakhona. Musa ukuyisebenzisa emva legumes. Kakade ke, kufuneka izifo ezifanayo kunye izitshabalalisi ukuba ikhule umgquba oluhlaza lupine.

Ukutyalwa Care

Umhlaba yinto efanelekileyo izilimo umgquba oluhlaza nantoni na ngaphandle umgquba kunye loams enzima. yokukhula Poor kwiindawo mgxobhozo.

Lupine njenge umgquba oluhlaza entwasahlobo okanye ngoko nangoko emva imifuno isivuno sanihlwayelela iindawo musa kukhule ukhula. Ukutyala lwenziwa ngokwe scheme phakathi kwemiqolo - 15-30 cm kumqolo - 5-15 cm Ukutyala ubunzulu - 2-4 cm Ukuba nzulu iimbewu cotyledons ezinkulu kuya kuba nzima ukufikelela umphezulu ... Lupine adala ezinye umgquba eluhlaza (oats).

Care kukuba ukutshabalalisa ukhula kunye nokuhlakula umhlaba.

Wangcwatyelwa kumhlaba njenge umgquba oluhlaza lupine kwiiveki ezisibhozo emva kwe xesha. Ngeli xesha, izityalo benza yayisel 'ityatyambile. Baye okwangoku ufumene umbala zazo zithwala. Eminye imithombo bakholelwa ukuba yingenelo kakhulu ukuba alime lupine kukwinqanam pod eluhlaza kuyilwa kunye neembotyi.

Ukuba akusibonanga, neziqu abe lalingqingqwa kwaye ukubola kancinci. Kulo mzekelo, eso sityalo ukuchetywa nokwenza umgquba.

Bahlwayelwa ngoJulayi lupine ukuvala phezulu ekwindla. Kwiindawo ezishushu - entwasahlobo.

Lupine ikwazi ukuzandisa ngokwabo. Ukuba ngaba ukulawula inkqubo, unako ukuba bathabath 'inkcubeko engundoqo. Kuya kukhula kuphela umgquba lupine-eluhlaza.

Kulinywa yale isityalo kwenza iindawo nongazaliyo echumayo. Intsalela acid-ialakalin umhlaba ithetha ukulungelelana lube cala. Cya zomhlaba eyakhiwe imisebenzi.