Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Nesvizh: inkcazelo kunye nohlaziyo

Nantoni na ekuthiwa, kwaye nto inokwenziwa kubakhenkethi Russian abanqwenela ukuya kwi kufuphi phesheya, lo Belarus. Shults, iindawo eziza achazwe kweli nqaku iye ithathe ukutyeba kwimbali nenkcubeko kweli lizwe lula. Le dolophu ibekwe kwingingqi Minsk. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukufika apho evela kwikomkhulu of Belarus nangasemva imini omnye akakho nzima. Decoration Nesvizh i ibhotwe kunye ipaki ezintsonkothileyo. Niasvizh nqaba idweliswe njenge World Heritage Site kwaye phantsi ukusekelwa UNESCO. Kodwa kwidolophu elinabemi yabantu kuphela elinesihlanu lamawaka, kukho ezinye izinto ezinomtsalane.

Makungabi Nesvizh

Ukusuka Minsk town ezahlulwe sisithuba abangaphezu kwekhulu elinamanci mabini anantlanu km. Ukujonga ezinomtsalane Nesvizh, kufuneka kuqala ukuya kwisikhululo sebhasi ombhaxa "Vostochny". Itikiti emzini iya kuxabisa malunga amathandathu amawaka engange. I ibhasi yokuqala amahlamvu Nesvizh ukusuka Minsk ukuya ezisixhenxe kusasa, ndingowokugqibela - ezisibhozo ngokuhlwa. ixesha ezinika - malunga neeyure ezimbini. Unga ukunciphisa iindleko kwendlela, ukuba uhleli kwicala eqhelekileyo buyo oololiwe (16 amawaka engange). Kodwa uya kunamkela kuphela kwidolophu ekufutshane ukusuka apho ukuya Nesvizha elinesibhozo leekhilomitha. Ngoko ke kufuneka utshintshe kwi kwisiphekepheke ibhasi.

Imbali Nesvizh

Ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo ezinomtsalane Nesvizha kufuneka baqonde ilenze kunye amathuba ingenzeka yayo. Ngaphambili, izazinzulu zithi isixeko kwisikhulu uYuri Nesvitski, ngubani wafa Idabi Kalka (1223). Noko ke, le nguqulelo walelwa yi mbali. Kwaye ke survey zakudala awukwazi ukufumana imizila yezakhiwo amakhulu enkulungwane weshumi elinesihlanu. I ikhankanya yokuqala yeembali ibhekisela 1446, xa i-Lithuanian Grand Duke Kazimir Yagellonchik Babanika umzi njengesipho Jan Mikolay Nemirovich. Olu hlobo lalibukele Nesvizh elide. Sele 1492 Nesvizh ukho ezandleni lezityebi magnate Lithuanian Peter Gut.

Ummeli hlobo, Anne, satshata ngo-1513 ngenxa Yana Radzivilla the elineentshebe. Shults "on yingxubuwa" Bemka oku basebukhosini esihle. Nyana kaYohane kunye Anna, Mikolay Cherny, waphumelela isihloko ngokwakhe "iNkosana uBukhosi baseRoma." Ngoko ke, lo ubunini usapho Radziwill wafumana iwonga ngokomthetho Ordinacies. Oko kukuthi, badlula kwi unyana omdala. Ukususela ngalo mzuzu iqala ubudala legolide Nesvizh. Radziwill ordination waze 1939, de kube imikhosi eSoviet akazange zifake le nxalenye ibe Poland ngoko.

Nesvizh (Belarus): iindawo ezinika umdla

iyure abahle utshaye umzi kunye ungeno kwi ekunene iququzelele unyana ka uNicholas Black - Hristofora Radzivilla, uWele sithebeni. Xa kwasebuncinaneni bakhe, eli nene waya kumazwe aseYurophu. Xa ekhaya, yena ngehlombe waqalisa ngokuxhobisa indlwane usapho lwakho. Abo ezinika Nesvizha esizithandayo namhlanje, wabeka okanye zakhiwe Christopher sithebeni. Yena ke wazithatha kwi siseko nqaba endala. Kwaye ngo-1583 waba uqhela ukwakha entsha. AbaHlaziyi kunye nesixeko. Umbhodamo ngokwemiqathango yokwakha indawo yi iibhloko odolwe. Kodwa khumbula oku amaFilisti Nesvizha ngumlawuli wabo. Intandane uyekwa iirhafu ezininzi. Ngokwamanani mihla, wathi iiholide irhafu, kutheni e Shults bagaleleka ukulungisa zemisebenzi abantu abarhwebi. Kwisithuba eminyaka embalwa, isixeko unamathupha na, yaba liziko mveliso zorhwebo ezixinene endleleni. Ngowe-1586 Nesvizh wanikwa uMthetho yaseMagdeburg. Le dolophu engqongwe ngeendonga enamandla, engqongwe umsele. Ngaphakathi, yaba ezininzi iicawa nezigodlo.

Yintoni ukubona Nesvizh (ezinika)

Iifoto komzi, ingakumbi enqabeni yawo zinokuhonjiswa isikhokelo Belarus. Ngelishwa, akukho xesha ezindongeni inqaba enamandla omnye kuphela injongo - Slutskaya Brama. Yena ihlangabezana kubahambi ivela empumalanga. Ukuze siqonde ubukhulu Nesvizha zamaxesha, yiya isikwere kwimarike engundoqo. Phakathi kwayo kumi luphawu self-government - kwiHolo Town, elakhiwa ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe okuqala yobuciko. Christopher sithebeni waba van'wankumi owaziwayo. Yena wamema emzini wakhe abafundi kunye nabantu imisebenzi zobunene. Ngenxa yoko, e Nesvizh wasebenza kuqala endlwini yoshicilelo Belarus Arian kunye nesikolo, apho wayefunda zenzululwazi zendalo, zakwalizwi kunye neelwimi.

Nezigodlo kunye Cathedral

In a Nyasvizh elibanzi, elityebileyo ngayo ngaphambili izakhiwo ezininzi ezingcwele. Abantu beso sixeko sezizwe. Kwakukho indlu yesikhungu kunye Church Orthodox. Le ndlu yecawa eliyinhloko Corpus Christi. Ungoyena ukhethekileyo ukuba icawa yesibini ehlabathini, kuvuthwa ngokupheleleyo yobuciko (emva kokuba Roman etempileni Il Gesù). Kwigama elishicilelwe phantsi, kuloo ndlu yecawa na Lingcwaba Radziwill clan - u ababawa enamandla owayekade ababekolo kwidolophu Nesvizh. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo edolophini - na nezigodlo yayo. Kwakukho eziliqela. Xa isixeko bazakhela eMonastri lwabo Bernardine Order, Benedictines, baseDominican, bamaKatolika.

Imbali ye nqaba

Yintoni umdla Shults? Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo, nakuzo izinto ezibhaliweyo kule sihloko nje Njengengabula elikhulu symphony emangalisayo, oya ayibonileyo ke apha komkhulu kunye ipaki lomculo. Kodwa nqaba yakhiwa hayi ngenye imini. Ukususela inqaba endala eyenziwe ngomthi iye yasinda nto. Izakhiwo ilitye lokuqala zakhiwa yi iinkosi Dutch kwemeko zokuzifaka apha naxa Mikolaj Radziwill the Black. NgoMeyi 1583, uChristopher sithebeni wabeka Inqaba ezantsi inqaba ngamaplanga. Around kuye izisele bemba. Kamva, bazaliswa amanzi ezindlebeni lomlambo. Ukudala inqaba ekuqaleni bathi le wezakhiwo Italian Giovanni Bernardoni, kodwa olu guqulelo na ethandabuzekayo ngenxa yokuba wezakhiwo ezikhethekileyo ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezingcwele, hayi zokuzifaka apha. A nqaba Niasvizh kwaqinisa ukuze ezimbini basinda wayethimba Russian (ngo-1654 no-1660 ngokulandelelanayo). Kwaye naxa balwa wawuthimba umzi, uCharles komele weShumi emva angqingo elide kwanyanzeleka ukuba emke ephaca ukusuka kweendonga kwinqaba iShushan. Kwaye kuphela ekupheleni Northern iMfazwe enqabeni yomkhosi, singqongwe amawaka yomkhosi, wathabatha amagama abazukileyo uzinikele kuye.

Uguqulo ebhotwe kunye park enzima

Balwa ngocoselelo zonakale kwinqaba iShushan. Xa imfazwe wafa phantsi neenkanuko, Radziwill kwi 1720s baqalisa ukuyilandelela indlwane intsapho yabo. Kodwa ngoku abalifuni bayamenywa ukuba iinjineli emkhosini. Fashion wayengekho efanayo, kwaye zokudubula yayokufika kwizinga lomyinge we intshabalalo ukuba wabetha ngeendonga zayo ezinkulu abazange ukusindisa. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba eziziimpazamo ezikhoyo ezivaliweyo redoubts zatshintshwa iintlobo nothi komkhulu. Around kwakhe kwakukho umyezo kunye echibini. Yiloo nto ke ubuhle ebhotwe kunye park oluntsonkothileyo idume Nesvizh. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo Radziwills indlwane usapho ziye zenziwe ngokuchanekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye kubonakalisa ubomi ababawa zenkulungwane elinesibhozo. Ethetha yokuzalisa amagumbi zodidi Suite anokufunyanwa kwinoveli "I Nkosazana Tarakanov" G.Danilevskogo. Abakhenkethi mabavule kuphela kwiiholo eziphambili kunye nelayibrari, kodwa ecaweni nqaba.

Ibhotwe e XIX-XX eminyaka

Njengoko iziganeko ezilandelayo abonisa, Radziwill indulumbane. inqaba ukuzikhusela saye sathathwa ngexa ulwahlulo Russian of Poland. Ke bathinjwe zizo kubo ngethuba kokurhoxa yomkhosi uNapoleon kaThixo. amabutho Russian baye ubutyebi Ukunxibelelanisa elinanye Dominika Ieronima e neenqwelo ezilishumi. Kodwa gqira kwinkulungwane XIX enqabeni yomkhosi wabuyela ilifa lentsapho Radziwill. Isizukulwana esitsha yale hlobo waqalisa amalungiselelo kakuhle indawo engqonge ebhotwe. Enkosi kuwo kukho iindawo ezifana Nesvizha njengoko Castle, Endala, New, park IsiNgesi kunye Japanese Garden. Ngo-1939, le ndawo saba eka malunga alithoba. Xa e Poland yokuguguma kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, amajoni Soviet phambili ngasentshona ngaphandle zokudubula edubuleyo iphumelele inqaba, kunqandwa Radziwills ezisixhenxe. Ukusuka uphumezo kuba oonozakuzaku Italian kuhlangulwa. Amalungu sodidi ukuba kwamanye amazwe eItali. A esibhedlele kunye sibhedlela elise enqabeni yawo. Kuphela emva kokuba ngokuwa USSR kwibhotwe kunye park ezintsonkothileyo waqalisa umsebenzi wokulungisa. Le myuziyam kwavulwa ehlotyeni ka-2012.