Iifayili zezilingo: njani ukhetha kwaye kutheni usebenzise?

Izicatshulwa zokukhanya zamalensi, nangona kungenanto inyanzelekileyo ye-arsenal ye-photographer, inokuthi idibanise ngokucacileyo ubuchule kwaye ixazulule iingxaki ezininzi. Umsebenzi wabo oyintloko ukulungiswa kokukhanya kokukhanya, ngamanye amazwi, ukulibaziseka kokukhanya "okungadingekile," okungafanelekanga kuboniswe kwisakhelo. Kwaye, ngaphandle koko, bayakhusela ngokupheleleyo i-lens eyintloko ye-lens, ngokuzenzekelayo ukufaka endaweni yabo phantsi kokuhlaselwa. Iintlobo zezihlunu zokukhanya zikhulu kakhulu, ngoko qwalasela iindidi eziphambili zezihlungi ukuqonda kakuhle ukuba yintoni.

Iifayile eziphambili

Ezi zihlunu zeelensi zilungele ukuhlaselwa kweendawo. Bazilibazise kwaye batshintshe ukukhanya okucwangcisiweyo.

Iifayile ze-ND

Izihlungi zegreyati ezingahambelaniyo zifunekayo kwezo zihlandlo xa kungenakwenzeka ukuphakamisa ixabiso lokuvula ngaphezulu. Ezi zixhobo ziyanciphisa inani lokukhanya okungena kwi-matrix. Umzekelo ngumfuneko wokudubula impompo ekhanyayo. Ngaphandle kwecebo lokucoca, mhlawumbi, kuya kuba yinto echanekileyo yamanzi.

Iifayile ze-ND eziphezulu

Uhlobo oluphambili oluvela kwi-filter ye-ND yesiqhelo liyakwazi ukumnyama umda, ukususela kumnyama ukuya kufana. Iifayile zokukhanya ezilungileyo zeelensi zilungile xa ufuna ukuba isibhakabhaka sichaze ngakumbi. Uninzi lwezixhobo ze-gradient zixhomekeke emaceleni kwaye zifakwe kwiilensi zisebenzisa abanikazi abakhethekileyo.

Izihlungi eziphezulu

Izihlungi zemibala kwiilensi azisetyenziswa rhoqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zisetyenziselwa ukudubula omnyama nokumhlophe ukuze kusebenze ukuhlukisana komfanekiso. Umzekelo, isihlungi esibomvu esikuvumela ukuba ukwandise umahluko phakathi kwamafu nesibhakabhaka.

Izihlungi zeMacro

Akunakutsholwa ukuba iifayile eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo - zifana ne-lens eyongezelelweyo. Uninzi lwawo luya kugqitywa, luqhagamshelana. Bandisa amathuba okufota. Ngokuqinisekileyo, abayikukhuphisana neenjongo ezinkulu, kodwa bazininzi kwizilingo ezahlukeneyo zokudala. Kodwa ixabiso labo liphantsi kakhulu kunelo lensi, kwaye banokuba yi-real godsend ye-photographer omncinane.

Izihlungi ze-Ultraviolet

I-ultraviolet ayibonakali kwiso luntu. Izihlunu ze-UV zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-nebulae ne-haze, umzekelo, ezintabeni. Kwiikhamera zedijithali, azifanelekanga njengefilimu engama-35 mm, kuba i-matrix ayinakuvakala kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwe-UV. Nangona kunjalo, iifayile ze-UV zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-lens eyintloko ye-lens kumonakalo owenziwe ngombane, uthuli, umswakama.

Ungakhetha njani isihlunu se-lens?

Kwiintlobo zezihlunu kwiimarike namhlanje, kulula ukulahleka. Inqaku lokumisela kufuneka libe yizinto ezikhethwa ngumntu wezithombe zeefoto, kunye neenjongo ezifunekayo isicatshulwa. Ukunceda ukhethe izihlunu zee-lens zingabhenela kunye neevenkile ezizodwa. Inketho efanelekileyo - ukuthenga ukuthengwa kwezo zitolo ezinika ithuba lokuvavanya kwangaphambili. Xa ukhetha kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela imodeli yelensi, oko kukuthi, ubukhulu beli lens yangaphambili. Oku, kwaye kungekhona umenzi wekhamera eyona nto. Ngokomzekelo, izihlunu ze- Nikon 52mm lens zifanelana zombini i-Canon ne-Pentax kunye nobubanzi bentsimbi efanayo, kodwa ngo-49 "abayi kuhlala".