Ibali Edgar Allan Poe kaThixo "zokubulala kwi Rue ezigcinwa": isishwankathelo imbali kwendalo. Amanye amabali umjikelezo C. Auguste Dupin

Edgar Allan Poe - indoda imimiselo emangalisayo. Ukuba ngumbhali obalaseleyo kunye mbongi, phakathi kwabantu bexesha lakhe, waba eyaziwa ngokuba umhlalutyi zoncwadi. Ukongeza, naye waba ngunozala uhlobo zokucupha. Ngapha koko, with "Ukubulawa kwi Rue ezigcinwa kuyo", ebhalwe Poe, waqalisa ibali zokucupha.

Edgar Allan Poe

Edgar wazalelwa eBhayi kunye kaDavide usapho Njengoko ngo-1809. Xa uyise wahamba ekhaya, unina oonyana izalamane nabahlobo kwezemfundo. Ngoko Poe wavuka intsapho kuYohane Allan.

Xa umfana wayekhula, wathunyelwa ukuba bafunde e-University of Virginia. Apha mna ulikhoboka lotywala, ngenxa yoko uyise owakhulisa oselula evinjwa inkxaso-mali.

Izama ukwenza ukuziphilisa, ngokutsho Ushicilele iingqokelela ezimbini yemibongo, kodwa abazange ningezanga naye athandwe. Emva koko lo mfana basayina isivumelwano yasemkhosini iminyaka emi-5. Kodwa kamva, ayiqwenge ekuseni nasemva uthotho yeentsilelo ijolise kumsebenzi zoncwadi.

Ingqokelela lesithathu zemibongo by Edgar Allan Poe, kakhulu, akazange naye uzuko, kwaye uzame ukudala iprozi. Ukubhala amabali ukuba ukhuphiswano boncwadi, ngokutsho elalahleka. Kodwa kwiminyaka emibini kamva ibali "ngqangi Kufunyenwe kwibhotile" yathatyathwa eyona kwezinye kukhuphiswano uncwadi, yaye umbhali wayo yaphumelela ibhaso engundoqo.

Phezu kwayo nje le mpumelelo, waqhubeka engqiba. Asinde umbhali ukuba uncedo lomhlobo osisityebi kaJohn P. Kennedy. Siyabulela kuye ukuba umbhali kwiphephancwadi Southern Uqobo Messenger. Kungekudala imeko yezimali wavumela Ngokutsho ukutshata owayengumza Virginia, kwaye pereeheli eNew York.

Apha eyibhalela "Ukuwa yeNdlu Usher" ezazibhalwe, "UMtyholi kwi Belfry". Kufuna umsebenzi umbhali uye wazama inani leeprojekthi, wada wafuna ukupapasha iphephancwadi yayo, kodwa kamva waba umhleli we Magazine Graham kaThixo. Apho wabona umsebenzi wakhe umcuphi ihlabathi, "Le Ukubulawa kwi Rue ezigcinwa" (elifutshane nokuqulethileyo kuya kuba aboniswe ngezantsi), yaye, emva kokuba impumelelo yakhe Ezinye Stories by Edgar Allan Poe.

Uguqulo ibe bafuna-emva kokuba umbhali Ngokutsho baba intsebenziswano umnini phephancwadi ese Journal, kodwa ngenxa yokuba umgaqo-nkqubo wayo umhleli we ncwadi yavalwa kungekudala kwaye umbhali yaqalisa band "black". Umfazi wakhe othandekayo wabulawa sisifo sephepha, kunye software ngenxa ukuxinezeleka akazange abhale nto.

Noko ke, ubuthe amandla, kancinane emva koko, waphinda wathatha usiba lwakhe. Ukongeza, umbhali saze litshate kwakhona. Kodwa ezo zicwangciso baya nokungahambi, njengoko ngo-Oktobha 1849, xa Edgar Poe wayeneminyaka emashumi mane kuphela ubudala, wafa phantsi kweemeko angaqondakali.

Ibali "zokubulala kwi Rue ezigcinwa": imbali ingenzeka

Ngelo xesha wokupapashwa kwesi bali sele waba imisebenzi eziliqela apho abalinganiswa abaphambili ngokwenzeka ezenzeka ezingaqhelekanga. Kodwa ke kunjalo asikwazi aziyi kuqwalaselwa ukuba abacuphi yinxalenye. Edgar Allan Poe ufunde uninzi lwazo, njengoko ezama ukulibala benolwazi ezithandwa abaphulaphuli, yaye kungekudala ndaqonda ukuba, ngaphandle yanto kunye namabali ebandayo, abantu ungathanda ukufunda malunga ekuphandweni kwamatyala. Kulo mba, waqalisa umsebenzi isiziba esitsha.

Kucingelwa ukuba waphefumlela Ngokutsho memoirs ze nomcuphi French Vidocq. Ngoko ke amanyathelo lwemveliso Ngokutsho safudukela Paris. Ukongeza, zakubon 'ukuba zenziwe kwi le show ihlobo ukusebenzelana orangutan ubomi, umbhali wagqiba ukwenza le silwanyana ophambili kweli bali.

Ngo April 1841 ibali zokubulala kwi Rue ezigcinwa lwapapashwa okokuqala waza wazuza nempumelelo kakhulu.

"Le Ukubulawa kwi Rue ezigcinwa": Isishwankathelo

Eyona hero iphambili kweli bali sizukulwana uhlobo entle kodwa abahlwempuzekileyo of Ogyust Dyupen. Ngenxa yeenzima zemali, ukuba kuyanyanzeleka ukuba aqeshe indlu kunye mbalisi, ngubani bayazithanda ukukwazi ukuhlalutya okwenzekayo Dupin.

Auguste nakanye na nifunde kwenye yamaphepha ngokuhlwa nokubulawa ngokungenalusini lomhlolokazi kunye nentombi yakhe L'Espane Camilla, ngubani ukuqasha igumbi kumgangatho wesihlanu kwisakhiwo xa Rue ezigcinwa kuyo. Dupin unomdla koko kwenzeka, yaye uye wavuma kunye nomthetheli yamapolisa, kuloo ndawo ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Zombini kubulala enzeka kumgangatho wesi-5 wendlu egumbini etshixiweyo ababehlala apho umfazi. Umhlolokazi wasika emqaleni ngesitshetshe, nokwafumanekayo kanye apho kwelo gumbi, waza ke waphoswa umzimba wakhe phandle ngefestile. Camille esifanayo abathintela, emva kwayo umbulali ongaphiliyo abotshwe kwi itshimini. Ke ukuba amangqina, abamelwane beva umnyango amazwi ezimbini: ingumbulali wathetha isiFrentshi, kunye nezinye - ezithile lwesigodi ezingaziwayo.

Kungekudala wabanjwa Adolf Lebon. Yaba nguye lowo wazisa imini ukubulawa umhlolokazi 4,000 franc zegolide ibhanki yakhe. Noko ke, xa sihlolisisa ngenyameko ubugebengu yonke imali nomhlolokazi, lowo kuthiwa wayiba Adolf kunye ababehamba, ubusendaweni.

Emva kokuhlolisisa kwigumbi apho ukubulala kwenzeka, Dupin efumaneka esandleni ngumhlolokazi lunwele embalwa, leyo yena wasidiliza umhlaseli. Dupin Okulandelayo wabelane iziphumo zayo umbalisi echaza ukuba umbulali ukuze kubekho ndoda orangutan, hayi. Oku kungqinwa zibakala zilandelayo. Okokuqala, ilizwi lwesibini mthetho ayizange sengathi zonke zabantu. Okwesibini, wothusa dexterity ingumbulali emangalisayo ngubani imvelaphi umbhobho kumgangatho wesihlanu ngokunjalo amandla walo omkhulu ngaphandle kobunzima, nge kulo ugxunyekwe emzimbeni tube Camille. Okwesithathu, mbulali akahendeki yi igolide amaxhoba, nangona kwakukho mali endilisekileyo.

Ukongeza, Dupin wafunda liyayishicilela entanyeni yakhe ekrwitshiweyo Camilla, leyo, yisayizi nemilo akafani zabantu, kwakunye kweenwele esandleni nonina. Emva koko wabonisa umbali inqaku malunga kwendlela ezakhiwe ngayo orangutan simkholise ukuba ityala labo.

Ukuze uqinisekise ukukrokrelana zabo, Dupin wanika intengiso kwiphephandaba ukuba kuthiwa wambamba orangutan bejonge umnini wayo. Kungekudala yafika nomatiloshe, kunye Dupin wamnyamezela ukuba sithethe inyaniso.

Matiloshe savela Borneo orangutan bafuna ukuthengisa kuyo eParis. Kodwa xa sidalwa waqhekeza ebuhlanti ayo, ethatha host incakuba, basaba. Seaman wazama ukubamba-qabane, kodwa hayi ngexesha, yaye wenza indlela yakhe endlwini yokuqala, wabulala abafazi shwa. host orangutan wabona ntlekele. Ndoyika, wasaba.

Emva kokufunda inyaniso, makhe Dupin umatiloshe bamxelela yonke amapolisa, lowo wakhulula Lebon.

"Le Imfihlelo Mari Rozhe" yaye "I Purloined Letter"

Emva ngempumelelo emangalisayo ka Poe wabhala nokuqhubekeka emibini yebali, "Le Ukubulawa kwi Rue ezigcinwa kuyo." Ushwankathe- kubo langoku ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo.

I 'Mystery Mari Rozhe, "Dupin ibonisa kwi kutshanje phezulu-iprofayili ukubulawa elihle osebenza female isiqholo ivenkile e-Paris Mari Rozhe. Auguste kunokwenzeka ukungqina ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho akukho iqela labantu umntu omnye, yaye yena nomatiloshe.

"I Purloined Letter" - la manqaku ibali kuphela apho Dupin iphanda ungabulali, kunye nokuxhwilwa. Xa lady ngagama ebiweyo esichengeni ileta yakhe. Isela blackmailing umfazi. Nomthetheli yamapolisa, yena wathi, ethwala ukhangelo eziliqela ngasese, kodwa akazange akwazi ukufumana ezibiweyo. Emva koko Dupin ngokuba umvuzo franc 50,000 wafumana waza ke wabubuyisela kwakuloo leta, ngoko amagqabantshintshi umbalisi ibali wakwenza njani oku.

umboniso zokutshintshwa apha ebalini

Ngokutsho kweli bali, "Le Ukubulawa kwi Rue ezigcinwa" waza wahlala ethandwa emva kokuvela imisebenzi emininzi olu hlobo abanye. Ngoko ke, ngokutsho kwakhe wadubula bhanya ezininzi kangangoko ezihlanu wadala umdlalo wevidiyo.

Kuqala umboniso ezisekelwe kwibali kwaphuma ngowe-1914. Kubonakele film lithathelwe eponymous ibali elifutshane "zokubulala kwi Rue ezigcinwa" kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Isishwankathelo se tape lunika yokuba kwafuneka ingako yokwenza intwana yokuqala. Bela Lugosi wadlala unjingalwazi mad kwi ingcamango yakhe esilawulayo ukuwela igorila kunye nabantu.

Ngowe-1954 yathathwa i movie "I phantom of the Rue ezigcinwa kuyo," waba neminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe kamva - "The Ukubulawa kwi Rue ezigcinwa kuyo." Zombini iifilim nazo kakhulu akuphuhlanga kakuhle embhoxo umsebenzi wokuqala Poe.

Ngowe-1986 kwafika umboniso zokutshintshwa apha ebalini, leyo igcinwe uninzi iziqalelo ibali yokuqala yakutshanje.

Isimanga, ukuba umbhali lokuqala lomsebenzi kwakho, On akazange axhasa olu hlobo, nangona kamva ababhali kunye bakhe mava abutyebisa kwaye baba wabulela abadumileyo kuye. Ngoko kwakukho Sherlock Holmes, Arsen Lyupen, Erkyul Puaro, kunye nabanye abasebenzi abaninzi. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba Edgar Allan Poe iya kuhlala uyise zokucupha.