Bhutto Benazir, iNkulumbuso Islamic Republic of Pakistan: A Biography

Benazir Bhutto - hayi nje umzobo yezopolitiko yobukhulu yokuqala. Hayi nje kabini inkulumbuso. She - eyokuqala, yeha, waye umfazi kuphela kwimbali yakutshanje, elisuke laba yintloko karhulumente kwilizwe apho inkoliso yabemi bathi Islam. Wayephila eqaqambileyo, ezele amahla ndinyuka obomi. Iindaba uhlaselo apho wafa, oluphazanyiswa usasazo TV ehlabathini lonke. Ngobomi nomsebenzi wakhe wezopolitiko isixelela ukuba Benazir Bhutto. "Ntombi waseMpuma. Philaretus "- na kwimbali yobomi bakhe. Kule ncwadi, Benazir wabhala wathi: "Le ubomi wakhetha mna." Ngaba yinyaniso into yokuba nakumlibo i Bhutto wabumisela ukuba abe yinkokeli eli lizwe, uyise, nokuba impumelelo yakhe yaba sisiphumo umoya onamandla, kanye charisma lo mfazi emangalisayo? Oku uya kufunda kweli nqaku.

Esakhula

Wazalwa umlungiseleli elizayo yinkulumbuso kwintsapho amanani zezopolitiko malivakale Pakistan - Bhutto. Benazir ebengowamazibulo. Abazali bakhe, Zulfikar Ali Khan kunye Nusrat Bhutto wazala oonyana ababini nangaphezulu - Shahnawaz kunye Murtaza, Sanam kunye nentombi. Benazir umkhulu ozala Shah uzokwaz elikhokelwa Government of Pakistan. Uyise - kakhulu. Umama, ngemvelaphi Iranian Kurdu, libandakanyeka kwezopolitiko. Ngoko ke umhlaba apho abadala Benazir kwakufanelekile. Uyise Zulfikar Wabufunda eYurophu. Ngoko ke, Benazir akazange anxibe isigqubuthelo esogqume ubuso. Yena wazalwa e Karachi ezingamashumi amabini ananye Juni 1953. Abazali bakhe benza amaSilamsi, Noko ke, wayinika enkulisa lady yabucala Dzhegginz. Emva koko intombazana baya isikolo emishini yamaKatolika - e Karachi, Rawalpindi kunye Islamabad. Ngelo elinesihlanu, yena sele ufumene isatifikethi sematriki.

eqhubekayo imfundo

Kunyaka olandelayo, 1969, Bhutto Benazir wangeniswa eHarvard. Apho, ngokutsho kwakhe, yena "okokuqala incasa incasa yedemokhrasi." Kwiminyaka emine kamva, waba Bachelor of "yolawulo." Ngowe-1973, wafudukela ukuya UK yafika Oxford. Kwesi sikolo aphakamileyo yena ku-Economics, kwinzululwazi yezopolitiko, intanda kunye nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. Ngoxa ukufunda e Oxford abonakala ngokupheleleyo izakhono zakhe zobunkokeli izakhono zokuthetha. Waye nokuba umongameli iqela rap i "Oxford Union" kunyulwa. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1977, Benazir waphumelela izifundo zakhe waza wabuyela ePakistan. Uyise ngoxa wayebambe izikhundla eziphezulu kurhulumente. Wakhonza kuqala njengomongameli kunye owayesakuba yinkulumbuso Pakistan.

Ukubandakanyeka kwezopolitiko

Yena kuqala waba umncedisi othembekileyo kuyise, Zulfikar Ali Khan Bhutto. Benazir waphupha umsebenzi ozakuzo, kodwa umzali kude ikamva lakhe elikhulu kwilizwe lawo. Kodwa ekupheleni amathemba bakhe bonke ngokubulala mbho-, ukhokelwe uZwilakhe Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. Kwathi kwiinyanga nje emva-2 emva kokuba Benazir wabuyela Pakistan. Zia-ul-Haq yaphosa intombazana entolongweni, notata wakhe wabulawa ngo-1979, watyholwa lesivumelwano ukubulawa iqela lezopolitiko. Benazir wachitha iminyaka emininzi entolongweni, sele iimeko ezimbi. Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1984, yona wavunyelwa ukuba kwamanye amazwe ukuya United Kingdom. Zulfikar Bhutto, waseka Pakistan yaBantu Party (PPP), nto leyo eyaba intloko mhlolokazi yakhe emva kokufa kwakhe. Ke Benazir, njengokuba kwi ekuthinjweni yaseBritani, walikhokela la mandla zezopolitiko. Xa Jikelele Zia-ul-Haq wafa kwingozi yenqwelo-moya, le ntombazana unako ukubuyela Pakistan. Kwisikhululo seenqwelo-moya, ibe sadibana nabantu nezigidi ezithathu, ebonisa ukuthandwa ibonwe Benazir Bhutto.

Biography, impilo yakho

Asikwazi ukuba le ehle kakhulu umfazi wokwenene kuphela nkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, lo eendaba kwakusasa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba umtshato wakhe senzeka kwi ukubala. Kuthiwa, wayekhetha Asif Ali Zardari, ngenxa yokuba nakwinye emizalwaneni yakhe. ookhokho bakhe azizityebi Shiites evela Sindh. Kodwa ke, mhlawumbi, Asif Ali baba zizihlobo Benazir Bhutto ngenxa nomini yengqondo. Kwakhona waba inkqubela iimbono yaseYurophu neqhayiya into yokuba umfazi wakhe wayefundiswa iiyunivesithi kunayo USA ne-UK. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, sezopolitiko nemazi, ngenxa umtshato, bakhetha ukugcina igama lakhe yobuntombi. Wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba njengoko Benazir Bhutto ehlabathini. Abantwana - nyana Bilawal neentombi kunye Bahtavar Asif - wazalelwa kule emtshatweni. Kuthiwa Benazir ixesha kwaye ihlawulwe njengoko ingqalelo enkulu kusapho.

I Premiership lokuqala

Ubukhulu becala ngenxa ukuthandwa kubulawa Zulfiqar Ali Khan Bhutto kunyulo lwentando yesininzi ekwindla ka-1988 i-PPP iphumelele. Ngoko ke, intombi yakhe, yaba inkulumbuso. Yena ke ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka emashumi mathathu anantlanu eminyaka. Ngenxa yoko, waba ngumlungiseleli omncinane ababhinqileyo yinkulumbuso. Kodwa ihlabathi Muslim, le posi ndafumana ummeli sex kwakhe okokuqala kwimbali. Kodwa Bhutto Benazir lubonise ukuba yintombi ofanele nje uyise, kodwa sezopolitiko ozimeleyo abanezakhono. Yena ofisi sakhe uthotho iinguqu ngempumelelo zopolitiko nezentlalo. Emva kokuba ngokozwi imibutho Zia-ul-Haq kwakhona kuvunyelwe, abasetyhini kunye nemibutho kwamalungelo oluntu, kunye namalungu inkcaso kufuneka ukufikelela kumajelo kurhulumente. INkulumbuso iseke ubuhlobo wahlobana elide ulutshaba India. Ke indoda yakhe, owaba noMphathiswa wezeMali, iye abatyholwayo amanyundululu ukonakala. Ngowe-1990, uMongameli amanat Iskhak Han wathumela iKhabhinethi ekhokelwa Bhutto ukurhoxa.

Premiership yesibini

Kodwa ke kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, Benazir abuyela kwezopolitiko, eli xesha alizange liphumelele nje ngaphambili. iqela lakhe akazange afumane isininzi epalamente, ngoko kwanyanzeleka ukuba ibe womanyano. Emva isithuba yinkulumbuso okwesihlandlo sesibini, Benazir Bhutto, photo likabani Aluyi kuhla ukusuka kumaphepha phambi amaphephandaba, waqala ukuthatha izigqibo populist. Ngenxa yakhe, nkqu kwiilali ezikude of Pakistan lwenziwa umbane. Kuye kwanda mali yeendleko ezempilo kunye nemfundo. Ngenxa yoko, nokungafundi yawa lesithathu, kunye nesifo ezifana nepoliyo, wahlulwa. Isantya sokukhula koqoqosho lafumana amandla, ukwandisa ukuhamba yotyalo-mali. Kodwa hlakalo ukonakala waqhubeka, kwaye ngo-1997 iqela ezilahlekileyo ngonyulo PNP. Phut isibini ophathiswe lombutho kubulawa kunye nobuqhophololo zemali. Xa ngo-1999 ukuya ngamandla, Pervez Musharraf, Benazir thutha nabantwana babo eDubai. Umyeni wakhe wafumana iminyaka emihlanu entolongweni.

Kokubulawa Benazir Bhutto

Ngesakhiwo lokuqala nxamnye ngumlungiseleli ababhinqileyo inkulumbuso lodongwe ngo-1995. Ngowe-1997, Busted bin Laden uthembise umvuzo zeedola yezigidi ezilishumi entlokweni Benazir Bhutto. Ngo-2007, uMongameli of Pakistan asayina uxolelo kwi ubuqhophololo bokutyhola phezu kwakhe kunye namanye amalungu belinye banyanzelwa ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo. Ngenxa yoko, Benazir Bhutto kwakhona besikhanya phezu elundini bezopolotiko belizwe. UMongameli Musharraf izamile Nokwethisa i umdlali ngamandla kunyulo. Wadlula utshintsho lomGaqo-siseko, ngokoko athe umntu isenokungabi inkulumbuso kabini. Xa ukhetho esondela, bonke ibhengeze imo yonxunguphalo. Ngo-Oktobha, oko bazama, aluphumelelanga. Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva koko, waba lixhoba lomnye abagrogrisi. Oku kwenzeka phambi loNyaka oMtsha, ngoDisemba 27, amawaka amabini anamakhulu asixhenxe, xa wanikela intetho e Rawalpindi.