Umphanda ngeelitha: zingaphi kwelinye nemigqomo nelitha

Kukho amanyathelo, eziqhelekileyo kuthi ukususela ebuntwaneni kwaye kusetyenziswa yonke indawo: ilitha, imitha, ikhilogramu. Kwaye kukho abo, apho sifumana ngendlela ngqo - umzekelo, kwinkqubo yokufunda. It iiponti neekhilomitha poods kunye akuyona. Kukho iznto - gama elo elithetha imiqulu, wabanekelwa rhoqo iingxelo wotshintshiselwano, xa zokupapashwa ixabiso ioli. Kukho umbuzo othi: zingaphi iilitha 1 ngamnye Umphanda yeoli?

Ngaphambi uzama ukuveza ndiyindla ngeelitha, kufuneka uqonde ithetha ntoni le kota.

Ukuze umbuzo wembali

In IsiNgesi igama elithi "umphanda" - komgqomo. Iznto Kudala zathuthwa utywala, ezinkulu kunye nezinye izinto. Ngophuhliso yemveliso yeoli kuyo yaqala kwakhona ukuba uthuthwa izikhongozeli, yaye ukuqwalasela iimpahla zathuthwa imiphanda nazo - nemigqomo.

Kodwa le ndlela yokubala wayengekho kamnandi kakhulu. Okokuqala, yonke imiphanda ibe ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo, iyenza ingqalelo nzima kakhulu. Okwesibini, kukho iindidi zezixhobo ezithwalwa umphanda enye, wayehluke kakhulu ubunzima lwabo. Leyo ingqikelelo "umphanda" ukuba ngandlel 'kunokukhokelela nakwezinye iiyunithi - ngamanye amazwi, ukuba kumgangatho.

Russian "umgqomo"

Hi ndlela leyi, enilinganisela nantoni na imiphanda - lo isithethe endala Russian. Kodwa kutheni ungamangali? Phambi kokuvela amatanki kunye neenkonkxa imiphanda okhethekileyo kakhulu lula, yaye ngamanye amaxesha kuphela iindlela zokuhamba. Kwaye kukho ingxaki efanayo - ukuba concretize le mbono. Wokulinganisa okanye umphanda omane baba emele 40 (Russian "umphanda" ngeelitha ibe malunga nama 492) kwaye ingqalelo iyunithi umthamo utywala, begusha neflakisi okanye ioli hemp. Umgqomo ibhiya obekwe emele 10 Riga - kancinane ngaphezu 12.5. Resin okanye powder, kwaye zigcinwe imiphanda, uyayenza ngomlinganiselo ubunzima, hayi umthamo. Kwagcinwa powder buziikhilogram-10, kunye nentlaka - malunga 9.

Kwinkqubo metric

Xa sijonga imbali, okanye ukuba lula, ukukroba iincwadi ezipapashwe lithile kumazwe ahlukeneyo, ndibadubadube umfundi intabalala ezahlukeneyo amanyathelo. Iinyawo, ngothelelwano, intshi, neekhilomitha, kwabuzwa amagama baseYurophu, iiyunithi ezisetyenziswayo kumazwe eMpuma - konke oku kube nzima mali nje kuphela, kodwa ingqondo. A ubunzima okuphawulekayo kukunqongophala imigangatho, le ubumbaxa iingqiqo ezithile. Kwakunzima kunye nokudluliselwa yeyunithi omnye komnye. Njengoko inkqubo ngamazwe metric iiyunithi (SI) iye yaphuhliswa imfuneko a Ukufana ethile usebenzisa eekhilogram kunye neemitha, kunye nezakhi zawo. Le nkqubo iye kulona lonke ihlabathi, nangona iindlela kuyo kwindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho amazwe amaninzi apho inkqubo metric lwamkelwe ngokusemthethweni. Ngokukodwa, ezi mazwe ziquka eUnited States. Oku kuthi kujike kube kubalulekile ukuba iqela amanyathelo ezizodwa. Umzekelo, ubukhulu CD, nomabonakude oxwesileyo njalo njalo. N. Ihlabathi idla ulinganiswa intshi. Utyeshelo lomqathango kwinkqubo metric uyaqapheleka wentengo, navigation - apha nangoku ukusebenzisa igama elithi "iinyawo" endala "imayela". Asinto neyunithi metric kunye umphanda.

Umphanda njengendlela umthamo

Ngamanye amaxesha, xa weva malunga nenani imiphanda, sizama ukuguqula isiphumo ngeetoni. Eli nyathelo, nangona kunokwenzeka kakhulu ulwazi ubunzima ezithile umbandela, kodwa hayi ncam echanekileyo. Iznto agcwele umthamo kunye ngetoni - ubunzima. Kakhulu ubhalo kakhulu ukudlulisela imiphanda iyunithi umthamo eqhelekileyo ngakumbi, umzekelo, ukufumanisa ukuba mangaphi neelitha komgqomo? Enyanisweni - kangakanani?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo ilula, njengoko isiqu kunye ingqiqo ka "umphanda". Umzekelo, umphanda IsiNgesi ngeelitha kuya kufikelela ku 163,65. Nangona kunjalo, yaye eli xabiso kutshintshwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo. IsiNgesi volume komgqomo kwakuxhomekeke into imiphanda elilinganisiweyo (ibhiya okanye ale), kwakunye ezahlukeneyo kwiminyaka ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-15, eli umphanda utywala ngeelitha kwaba 166,36, kwaye ukusukela 1824 - 163,66.

Kodwa 1 ndiyindla ngeelitha besukelana 119,24 kwaye xa kufikwa iwayini American. Le mbono "umphanda" kuhlangene kunye namanye, kwaye anxulumene metric kulinganisa umthamo - iilitha kunye hogsheads. Kwi-US, umlinganiselo ivolyum umphanda umqombothi iilitha-31, kodwa elo nani bekuya kuba eyahlukileyo kwezinye iintlobo ulwelo - iilitha 31.5 (0.5 hogsheads). Kwimeko lomlinganiselo impendulo isambuku lo mbuzo, zingaphi iilitha 1 umphanda nganye, uya kuba 115.6 (ixabiso ekuthiwa owomileyo-umphanda).

Malunga kwagcinwa oyile

Kodwa kaninzi igama elithi "umphanda" lisetyenziswa kwi nezokukhupha nokuthuthwa ioli. Ingcamango ndiyindla yeoli ebuyela indlela ende: sisibaso kufunxwa umntu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Izikhongozeli single ukuthuthwa le mveliso akakho, ethile usebenzisa imiphanda ngomthi, kodwa umntu wenza khumba. Kodwa ke ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemveliso oyile kwinkulungwane ye-19 yaphakamisa umbuzo yimbonakalo a izikhongozeli efanelekileyo. Ukongeza, phambi kwamandla ezahlukeneyo nzinyana kurhwebo kunye nezothutho izibalo, kwaye ixabiso yeoli kuyanqweneleka ukuba amisele, ngokusekelwe umphanda omnye.

Ngowe-1866 e Pennsylvania (USA) wadibana oilmen eziliqela ezizimeleyo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto babexoxa yaba umbuzo kwisikhongozeli umgangatho yamafutha. Intlanganiso kubangele kuyondelelaniso le bhafu eqhelekileyo, ezifanekisela umthamo iilitha 42. Ingaba kubiza malini na amanyathelo eqhelekileyo ngakumbi? 1 Umphanda oyile ilitha nganye iza kuba 149.

Kutheni iilitha 42?

Kodwa kutheni kuthathwe njengokuba isiseko umthamo onjalo? Inyaniso kukuba ngenkulungwane yokuqala 18 natywinwa igubu ngomthi yobungakanani iilitha 42 okunene kuba umlinganiselo izithuthi. Kwizikhongozeli ezifana nentlanzi kuthuthwa kunye namanqatha, nembeleko kunye newayini, kwakunye nezinye izinto. Emilambo le ubungakanani baba kangangoko ezabo iintamo, enkulu kakhulu kwaye ezincinane kakhulu, ibekwe kakuhle phezu ezikhoyo elixa amaphenyane kunye namaqonga. Yaye sithathe bese ukususa ndiyindla ngokupheleleyo yeoli, yakwazi umntu omnye.

Ngoko ke, ukhetho oilmen waseMelika Kuyaqondakala yaye kufanelekile. Ngowe-1872, i-American Association of abavelisi yeoli ngo-42 neelitha umphanda samkelwa umgangatho. Kwaye nangona ngoku akukho oyile amabhakethi ukuba ethwala (ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho zidlula kunye imibhobho), kodwa umphanda isekhona iyunithi yokulinganisa kurhwebo oli ehlabathini.

Ngomhla ezilungileyo komgqomo

Kodwa akukho lula ukuba umlinganiselo ukuba yenziwa ioli tonnes namalahle kulinganiswa ingqolowa, isinyithi kunye nesichumiso? Esinye isizathu sokuba unpopularity iitoni - ezahlukeneyo ezinoxinano yeoli; amabanga Russian for ezingundoqo, ixabiso layo ingahluka kg 820 ukuya 905,5 nge-cubic meter. Ngokufanayo, ukutshintsha ubunzima kwiyunithi nganye kunye nobungakanani bayo. Ukuba impendulo yombuzo eyenza umgaqo Umphanda yeoli ngeelitha, ukusetyenziswa kumxholo wawakhoakulula ncam, ukwazi ubunzima yakhe sele thile nzima.

Ngoko ke ukuba imilinganiselo leoli eziveliswa babethengisa umthamo, kungekhona ubunzima, zibelula. Ukuba uthathe ingqalelo thina into yokuba i-oyile kuthathwa ukuba ukuthutha nge zidlula kunye namatanki, imibhobho phezulu, ukugqithisela eli candelo, njengokuba umphanda, oko avezwa. Noko ke, phezu kurhwebo lwasekhaya, njengoko kuchasene ehlabathini, urhwebo ioli kwenziwa iitoni, ngoko ukuze enze ukuguqulwa kwi ubunzima kunye nomthamo ngokuchasene noko kuyimfuneko. Apha kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele uhlobo le oyile , nokuxinana yayo nayo kusetyenziswa ukubala izinto ezikhethekileyo ukuguquka.

Ixabiso oli

Kodwa iiyunithi ke umlinganiso nezokukhupha "ngegolide abamnyama" ukuhlawula ioli dollar kodwa kwamkelwa umphanda nganye. Kwaye le yenye amanani elibalaseleyo, leyo ichaphazela kuphela uqoqosho lwelizwe, kodwa kwakhona kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho kunye nezopolitiko lwehlabathi. Akwenzeki ukuba ayikhulise ukubaluleka ioli yemveliso ehlabathini, kwakunye nesabelo yayo nomxube amafutha jikelele. Njengoko kunjalo kunye nayiphi na impahla yorhwebo, ixabiso ioli kuxhomekeke umthamo kweemveliso.

Kwathi ngelo xesha ixabiso ioli lichatshazelwe neminye imibandela emininzi imveliso World yakhiwe ukuze ukukhula "igolide black" ayikho kakhulu kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo, kodwa imveliso oyile ukuhla ingakukubetha Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngoko ayimangalisi into yokuba amaxabiso oyile liya waziva ingxenye yezopolitiko; abadlali abaninzi iya kuvela eqongeni ehlabathini, ekulungele ukuthoba okanye ukunyusa amaxabiso amafutha, kuxhomekeke nezilangazelelo zabo. Hi ndlela leyi, iindleko zamafutha uxhomekeke ngqo kwi amaxabiso igesi yendalo. Ngoko phantse zonke impixano yamajoni ngexesha lokugqibela ibonakala ngokucacileyo "ioli" uphawu.

Kwaye kwakhona kwi wompu

Umphanda - umlinganiselo umthamo. Oku, nangona zisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo, kodwa hayi intsingiselo kuphela eli lizwi. Umphanda - Kwakhona enye imiqathango Hayibo (umdlalo card). Igama elithi "umphanda" ngenxa yesizathu esithile iye yenziwa ukuba amagama bezinto ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka kwinkampani yabatyalimaliny ukuya club ebusuku.