Umgaqo nokusebenza variator. CVT: Design kunye Operation

Qala yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zaye zaqaliswa kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Nditsho ke, injineli Dutch ukunyusa kwisithuthi. Zakuba ezi ndlela zisetyenziswa koomatshini mveliso.

Wabiza mechanism variator ukuqinisekisa ukutshintshwa kakuhle torque ukusuka powerplant ukuya izinto, nto leyo intshukumo ye moto. Ngokufuthi, isixhobo eso kuthiwa gearbox kakhulu compact ngokuqhubekayo yomahluko. Umnini imoto eziqhelekileyo kunzima ukwahlula phakathi kulawulo lwendalo kunye transmission ezenzekelayo. Umgaqo nokusebenza variator inika ungqamaniso olusebenzayo kunye crankshaft kunye transmission torque kwenzeka rhoqo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukonga kakhulu amafutha. Zokudluliselwa olu hlobo ukuze isetyenziswe kwi iimoto, izithuthuthu, ngezithuthuthu, kodwa CAT ezinengxaki umthwalo ololo hlobo avumele ukuyinyusa kwayo kwisithuthi eluncedo. Eli nqaku liza kuqwalaselwa: CVT, ngokuqhubekayo variable zothumelo, isixhobo, isimiso ukusebenza.

design

Ngoko ke, sihlalutya amalungu candelo. Ulwakhiwo nokusebenza Umgaqo le variator - inani elikhulu ungamalungu. Iiyunithi eziphambili zezi:

• Ukuphuma isixhobo le crankshaft kunye ugqithiso;
• speed ukwahlukana;
• ezongezelelweyo unit uguqula (ukudlulisela olu hlobo musani ukubonelela intshukumo emva isakhiwo, iiseyile eqhelekileyo zokunciphisa langa imvelaphi inyuselwa khona ukulungiselela le njongo);
• iyunithi yolawulo ukulawula ukutshintshwa torque kunye lunikezelo;
• indlela clutch oluzenzekelayo inyathelo centrifugal kunye iyunithi ezongezelelweyo, esenokuba electromagnet, kwaye ilawulwa inkqubo elektroniki;
• uhlobo transformer ngamanzi.

Esi sakhiwo jikelele ibhokisi variativnoj. Kukho kwakhona neendibano ezahlukeneyo zokudluliselwa ezinjalo, uhlobo olwahlukileyo yokosulela torque.

CVT - Umgaqo yokusebenza, iintlobo CVT

ukuphuculwa design zikhokelele kwinto yokuba kwakukho eminye imigaqo yokusebenza kwalo device:

ukwakhiwa V-ibhanti. Njengokujikeleza crankshaft luyasuka kuye ophephela ngokusebenzisa enye okanye ezimbini iibhanti olomeleleyo. Ngaba zenziwa ngohlobo ubugcisa eyodwa ukuqinisekisa resource high yokusebenza. Le ibhanti drive yi zixhonywe pulleys ezimbini, eliquka izibini disks etsobhileyo. Iqhinga le Isisombululo yoyilo i pulleys ubudeki variable. Ukunciphisa okanye zokwandisa ubungakanani cone kwenzeka ngoncedo inkqubo ngamanzi, amandla centrifugal kunye isekela yasentwasahlobo. Ibhumbulu zibekwe phezu uyithobele, singavumeli ubuncinane ukunciphisa amandla frictional.

Omnye uthumelo zokuqala basoloko aphume ukuze ngenxa imveliso nandzu ibhanti. Modern jikelele ibhanti ukudluliselwa ivelisa iiteknoloji ezintsha enika ubomi wenkonzo ukuya ku 2000000 yeekhilomitha. Iibhanti zenziwa ngokuthi afake ucingo nisondelelane ekhethekileyo phakathi isethi kunye ipleyiti yesinyithi. Kulo mzekelo edluliselweyo okunjalo bhetyebhetye elungileyo. Oku la izisombululo zobugcisa ziye akuvumelekanga ukuba uthwale njengendawo enjalo kudidi kweentlobo ezithile gciwane.

Isantya eliguqukayo nge nesinqumka-chain drive. Njengoko kusetyenziswa link chain ibhanti ukuba bhetyebhetye elungileyo. Kule nkqubo, i pulleys cone zenziwe iintlobo ezikhethekileyo ngentsimbi ngenxa imithwalo eziphakamileyo. Loo wesiphaluka umgaqo yintshukumo variator abe ukusebenza eliphezulu. Kwaye ngenxa yokuphulukana amandla liyehla kakhulu.

Zisebenza njani?

Yintoni CVT, umgaqo we variator? Ukosuleleka variable ungalawuleka kuphela yinkqubo ye-elektroniki. Oku kufuna impendulo ekhawulezileyo ekwandeni isantya crankshaft nokubalwa izixhobo yendlela ukutshintsha ngobubanzi pulley. Enanikade bombane ivumela ukuba imo ethile le mveliso, iklatshi kunye nezinye iindawo ngexesha lenene.

Umqhubi ulawula lever zothumelo ukuba iqela lemisebenzi transmission ofanayo ezenzekelayo. Electronics nge intelekelelo wenza pulleys ububanzi, ehambisana ukusebenza liphezulu. Xa isantya kwi ephumayo ukusuka ukunyuka iimoto, i-compact etsobhileyo kufutshane kunye kunye nokwanda imbewu kwenzeka pulley ubukhulu. Kwangaxeshanye ukunciphisa ixabiso gear ratio. Ngaphezu koko, kukho inkqubo elinoxanduva ungqamaniso ungamalungu cone kwezithuthi. isikhundla sabo kwaye izikhewu olawula esisebenza woluvo. Kwimeko iindawo razdvizheniya etsobhileyo ondle bend ibhanti kujikelezwa pulley kwisangqa encinane kunye exineneyo - sangqa elide. abaqhubi beemoto abaninzi musa nokuba ubuza umbuzo: yintoni na CVT, ifowuni kunye umgaqo yesenzo? ukubiza nje kule fowuni ibhokisi ngokuzenzekelayo, kodwa zahluke kakhulu kubume.

Ukuziphatha kwe ugqithiso xa eyanda nasekuqhubeni emaqhineni

Xa imoto ibalekisa, akukho bungqina ukunyuka ukufana nesantya injini.

Baya kuhlala ingatshintshanga ngexesha yokwanda isantya. ibhokisi ukwahlukana ngokuzimeleyo rhoqo transmission variable. Kwimeko yezithuthi ukunyuka, xa imoto iqalisa isantya thile, CVT kuya kunciphisa ratio kwaye wenze le nkqubo umva. Iindlela kusebenza kuwo i-injini kunye transmission ezinjalo kuluncedo.

yesondlo

Izixhobo kunye nokusebenza variator iyenza uhlolo inkonzo isiphoso nokusebenza eninzi kunye nexesha elide. Ukuyeka ibhanti umonakalo omkhulu okanye ezinye iindawo - indaba ebizayo. Kuba inkqubo ukuthambisa ajikeleze isebenzisa oli transmission kwaye iindleko eziphezulu ngenxa yokungabikho isevisi yesiqinisekiso. On ezizuzwa asakhulayo kungavimbela computer ekwinqwelo ukuba umsebenzi self-loxilongo kunye a isinxibelelanisi diagnostic. Kunye nabasebenzi nkonzo zakutshanje oxhulumene kwi inkqubo yekhompyutha ukuze ukufunda iikhowudi amadlala kunye zokuhlanjululwa kwabo ezilandelayo. Isantya eliguqukayo linokusetyenziswa kwiindlela zothutho kwiklasi imoto encinci.

Ingaba Kufuneka ukuzifudumeza injini ekuqaleni na intshukumo?

Zokumisa off oomatshini zixhotyiswe gearbox variative, injini kufuneka wotha. Oku kungenxa imfuneko ngokushushubeza kulwelo yokuqaba, eyihlangula kuzo zonke iisayithi kunye lokubolekwa. Ukuba grease akufuneki ukuba zingeniswe ezinye iinkcukacha - oku kuya kwandisa wear and tear, kwaye liza kukhawulezisa imfuneko ukulungiswa. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba zasikrwaqula ngamaxesha phezu inqanaba le-oyile ugqithiso. Kuphela emva kokuba inkqubo efudumeleyo-up ukuqala intshukumo. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwingxinano kunye iziphene kufuneka kululahla isithuthi ethwele nokuqhuba kwiindlela ukuba ezikwimeko engafanelekanga.

Variator (ukubambelela) - umgaqo yokusebenza, isixhobo

Ukugqithisa Isantya shaft ekudluliseni emathangeni akhe variative, ziyindlela iklatshi. Siqulathe ikhoboka lomzimba kunye master drive kunye imithombo osisidambisi kunye linings ukukhuhlana, indlela ukukhululwa iklatshi. Enye disc ifakwe kwi shaft ngeemoto yokubolekisana kunye kwizikhondo. Into yesibini ibekwe emnyangweni bhokisi naphantsi yintshukumo amandla sikuxinile uxhulumanisa, wayithumela torque ukuya PPC. Emva koko, ujikeleziso ziya kudluliselwa kweevili.

izinto ezintle

Umgaqo nokusebenza variator kuvumela ukwenza i ezinamandla umsebenzi imoto. ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo injini ubonisa uqoqosho amafutha elungileyo. Xa uqhuba kwiimeko indlela imtyibilizi isiphumo slip wayo ngaphandle. Le isindululo uya kubakho maqhuqhuva uphakamisa, njengoko kuthelekiswa ncwadana. amanani ezikhutshwayo kuya kuba ngaphantsi kunolo iimoto eziqhelekileyo, kunye ukukhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza.