Le iadaptha akanayo izicwangciso esebenzayo IP: isisombululo sengxaki

abasebenzisi Isimanga, kodwa abaninzi kweenkqubo zokusebenza Windows, kuqalwa inguqulelo yesixhenxe ngasentla, oko kudla lijongene ingxaki yokungena kwi womnatha wobulali okanye Internet, kunye nemiba eluncedo ngaloo zokuxilonga kule nkcazo iziphumo «imodyuli Ethernet ayinayo izicwangciso elisebenzayo IP ". Le meko ayikho ezibangele, kodwa ingxaki lupheliswe ngeendlela ezininzi ezifundiswa ukuba uqwalaselwe ngakumbi.

Le iadaptha akanayo izicwangciso esebenzayo IP: yintoni ingxaki?

Le meko kunokwenzeka mhlawumbi ngenxa isicwangciso ngokungafanelekanga zo xhulumaniso yangoku (nokuba usebenzisa Wi-Fi-ukufikelela okanye uqhagamshelwano Ethernet Esetyenzisiweyo) okanye ukuba uneengxaki nomboneleli.

Kuzo zombini ezi meko iya kwaziswa ukuba uxhulumaniso ayikho izicwangciso esebenzayo IP.

Ukuze Ukuyivavanya womnatha, bona RMB menu kwi-network esikhethiweyo ukuba ukhethe ibar yewonga, kwaye ngoku nqakraza ulwazi iqhosha kwi window entsha. Zilandelayo ukuze ubone ukuba amasimi idilesi IP zizaliswa, Gateway, yaye DHCP kunye DNS abancedisi.

Ukuba idilesi ye IP iqulethe intlanganisela yahlukile 192,168 nangaphezulu (umz, 169,254, njalo njalo. D.) Loo compound akathandi kusebenza, kodwa ingxaki asilungiselelwanga protocol kwi-terminal ngokwayo. Ukuba akukho amaxabiso zezi abancedisi kuba kucingelwa ukuba ukungasebenzi kwenzeke kwicala ngabaphethe ( "Yaphaphazela» DHCP-server).

Inethiwekhi akukho seto esebenzayo IP: into omawuyenze kwindawo yokuqala?

Mhlawumbi le ngxaki kunye uxhulumaniso kokwexeshana. Ngoko ke, xa Kuvakala ukuba Internet akukho seto esebenzayo IP, kuba ukubala, ungenza qhawula uqhagamshelwano nje ukusuka kuthungelwano, ize emva koko yenze uqhagamshelwano ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Oku kwenziwa ngokuklikha indibaniselwano i icon kwindlela yetreyi okanye ngokutsalela icandelo ncpa.cpl efanelekileyo, apho Umtya uhambo kukhethwa wemenu yentsingiselo, uze emva koko - ukuphinda-yoQhakamshelwano.

Kwimeko ka-Wi-Fi-network njengenyathelo ezongezelelweyo, ungasebenzisa i ukuqalelisa ngokupheleleyo le zendlela ngokuthi unplugging kwi umbane imizuzwana malunga-10, ngomhla kwakhona kwaye yilindele umxokozelo epheleleyo.

Reacquire izicwangciso IP

Nangona kunjalo, le ngxaki ifakwe kakuhle kwaye useto zenethiwekhi. Xa ingxelo nkqubo ukuba zombini (okanye network) akanalo izicwangciso esemthethweni IP imeko ixhaphakileyo.

Ukuze ukuxazulula, ungenza ukusebenzisa Amaqhinga ngokutsha ukufumana useto IP. Kuya kufuneka ukubaleka iconsole umyalelo ngamalungelo ophatho, uze amisele amaqela amabini kuyo, njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mzobo ungezantsi.

Emva koko kufuneka uvale i console kwaye ujonge uqhagamshelwano okanye uqhagamshelwano umzamo, nokuba isixhobo esifanayo diagnostic. Mhlawumbi umyalezo imodyuli amandla akanawo izicwangciso elisebenzayo IP eboniswe ayisekho.

Izicwangciso Ipharamitha ngesandla

Kodwa ayikwazi ukunceda, ingakumbi xa ucwangciselwe ukufumana ngokuzenzekelayo Useto IP apha protocol yangoku. Xa inkcazo le ngxaki ukuze avele kubhekiswa yokuba zombini akanalo izicwangciso esemthethweni IP.

Indlela yokuphuma kule meko kukuba ukufaka amaxabiso ezichanekileyo ngesandla. kufuneka bangene kwicandelo lonxibelelwano womnatha kunye nokusebenzisa iimpawu emgceni, yiya uqwalaselo protocol (idla IPv4) ukuba enze le misebenzi. Apha kuyimfuneko ukubhalisa idilesi ye IP (idilesi umzila, leyo zatshintsha inani lokugqibela), isango (ixabiso kufuneka lifane ne dilesi ye zendlela kwimeko inethiwekhi wireless), abancedisi be DNS, wabeka amaxabiso eights ezine okanye eights amabini kunye ezihamba ezimbini.

Hlela izilungiselelo zenethiwekhi

Kwezinye iimeko, utyando wangaphambili akufunekanga ibe yimfuneko. Xa uxhulumaniso womnatha ayikho izicwangciso elisebenzayo IP, ngamanye amaxesha ungasebenzisa ngocwangcisa mveliso.

Kulo mzekelo, kwakhona, kuya kufuneka ukuba kubiza kwilayini yomyalelo kwaye ukuba liqhubeke ekuqalisweni imiyalelo efanelekileyo, njengoko kuboniswa kule mifanekiso.

Emva kwayo yonke imiyalelo, ungaphinda-ukukhangela imo ye-network. Maxa wambi ukungaphumeleli iyapheliswa ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki ngale ndlela.

umthwalo system Net

Amaninzi ekulungiseni le meko kunye imbonakalo isaziso ukuba imodyuli amandla akanawo izicwangciso elisebenzayo IP, kunokunceda ekuthiwa-nkqubo isiqalo ngomnatha, okt ukulayisha ubuninzi ikhubaze iinkonzo ezingeyomfuneko.

Ukuze wenze oku umxokozelo, kuya kufuneka ukuba ukungena kwinkqubo uqwalaselo (umyalelo msconfig kwi konsole "Baleka"), i-jikelele izicwangciso tab ukuseta umgca esebenzayo okukhetha Isiqalo kwaye susa itshekhi ukusuka izinto download umgca YophathoName.

Yintoni elandelayo kweli candelo ukuya Iinkonzo kwi tab, wabeka uphawu kumgca yokuzifihla iinkonzo Microsoft, sise ekhohlo emazantsi, nangokwezinto zonke izakusebenzisa ukhupha ulwenziwo iqhosha ( "Khubaza Zonke") kwi ezantsi ekunene. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuqalisa le nkqubo (leyo, ngasendleleni, kufuneka enze mandatory) le ngxaki iphele.

Antivirus, firewall, wesithathu software nabaqhubi

Noko ke, le banokuba kungabi ngaphezu. Into yokuba ezinye software anti-virus, izicelo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi firewall Windows nefakiweyo nazo kunokubangela iingxaki kunye xhulumaniso.

Kulo mzekelo, emi yokuqala ixesha cima ukhuseleko kwivayirasi. Ukongeza, usebenzisa firewall.cpl umyalelo ,, uyakwazi ukuvula useto firewall kunye nokusebenza off-line ukhuseleko firewall, nangona ukwenjenjalo ayikhuthazwa.

Okokugqibela, jonga uluhlu iinkqubo efakiweyo. Umzekelo, ukuba umsebenzisi ifaka iTunes, naye kwakukho Bonjour sifakelwe inhlangano kwakhona kunokubangela iingxaki ezininzi. Mhlawumbi ukususwa kwaso ngokupheleleyo kwaye ulungise kusilela.

Xa enze isono, xa ayikasebenzi, unga zama ukususa ngokupheleleyo iadaptha umqhubi network ukuyifaka kwakhona, ngokukhuphela oko uguqulelo oludlulileyo kwi website lomenzi. Ukususa i kusetyenziswa "Umphathi Device", yaye umqhubi can be downloaded, umzekelo, ukusuka kwenye ikhompyutha, uze uyithumele terminal yakho, bekhuphela ukuya eendaba asuswayo.

Ukuba nkqu oku akukwenzi iziphumo, ungasebenzisa NetShell into eluncedo kwi Microsoft, yona efumaneka kwi website esemthethweni ye nkampani.

isiphelo

Xa ndiqukumbela, kuhlala ukongeza ukuba ubuncinane enye yezi ndlela ukuze alungise le ngxaki kodwa unako. konke kuxhomekeke koko hle ingcambu unobangela ukusilela. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi kuyanceda Ukuseta useto womnatha, ukuhlaziya izicwangciso IP okanye ufake amaxabiso achanileyo useto ngesandla protocol.

Kakade ke, izixhobo ezingafanelekanga okanye abaqhubi ufakwe kokungalunganga, ezinye izicelo ezingeyomfuneko, anti-virus software (idla free Avast) kunye eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi kwindlela yokhuseleko Windows inokuba nempembelelo embi imeko uxhulumaniso, kodwa ukuba ngaphambili esebenza ngayo, kodwa emva koko wayeka, kuyabonakala ukuba, ingxaki ayikho kulo.

Izizathu azikho wakhankanya ifuthe iintsholongwane, nto leyo nako kunokubangela nolo silelo. Oku kubangelwa kuphela yokuba umsebenzisi ngamnye, ngoko ukuthetha, ngokungagqibekanga ngokwayo kufuneka esweni inkqubo yazo kwaye siqalise iitsheki eziyingozi, njengoko nezona ndlela zinamandla yokuzikhusela nako Kwathi eyingozi ikhowudi okanye inkqubo neemodyuli nje wabonakala, neenqwelwana izisombululo wesi azikafumaneki.