IYunivesithi yaseTsinghua (eBeijing, eChina). Imfundo e China

I-East iye yababetha ngakumbi kuma-Western kwiminyaka yamuva. Lo mgaqo uhambelana nokukhula koqoqosho oluqhubekayo lwe-China kunye neJapan. Lawa mazwe abe ngabadlali abachaphazelekayo kwibala lemigaqo-nkqubo yangaphandle, ekhangisa abantu basemzini njengemognet. Abantu abaninzi baseRussia baqalisa ukuza eChina ngenjongo yokufumana imfundo ephakamileyo kwaye basebenzise isiTshayina. Iingcali ezithatha isiTshayina, zifunwa kakhulu kwiimarike zabasebenzi baseRashiya. Ngoko namhlanje sinqwenele ukukuxelela indlela yokufikelela kwiiyunivesithi eziphambili kwiChina.

Imfundo ePhakamileyo yoBukumkani bamaBurusi

Imfundo ePhakamileyo yaseTshayina, isiRashiya sinokufumana ngokukhululekile. Uzakufuna kuphela ulwazi oluncinane ngolwimi kunye nemali yokuhlawula uqeqesho. Xa kuthelekiswa neyunivesithi ezininzi zaseRashiya, imfundo yaseChina ayithengi. Ngokomzekelo, ikhosi ebiza kakhulu iyakubiza i-$ 3,000, kwaye uhlala kwindawo yokulala kwigumbi elinye kunye nemoya ye-air iya kubiza malunga nama-dollar ayi-600 ngonyaka.

Ootitshala baseTshayina banamathele kakhulu abafundi bangaphandle. Banokusebenzisana nabafundi mahhala baze bancede ukuxazulula iingxaki zentsapho. Abafundi abaninzi bahlala eChina emva kokugqweswa. Zifumana indawo kwiinkampani ezinkulu kwaye zigqibe iimvumelwano iminyaka emininzi. Ngoko ke, ukufunda eMbusweni Ophakathi kukudala ithuba lokuba abantu abatsha bakwazi ukuzifumana bekhulile.

Inkqubo yokuFunda eChina: iimpawu

Ukuqwalasela ukufumana amanyunivesithi aseChina, khumbula ukuba kuya kufuneka uthethe kuphela ngesiTshayina. Zonke iintetho ziqhutyelwa kuyo. Ukuba izinga lakho leelwimi alinakukuvumela ukuba ufumane ulwazi, kuya kufuneka uzinikele unyaka okanye amabini ekufundeni ulwimi kumaqela akhethekileyo, afunyanwa ngabafundi basekuhlaleni kuphela.

Uya kuba neentsuku ezintlanu ngeveki ukususela kwi-sibhozo kusasa ukuya kwintsimbi yeshumi elinesibini ntambama. Elinye ixesha lingasetyenziselwa ukuqonda kwakho. Emva kokuphela kwexesha loqeqesho, uya kudlula iimviwo ezimbini kwizakhono zolwimi. Omnye ungaphakathi, omnye uhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe.

Ukuba uphumelele ngokuphumelelayo iimvavanyo, uya kufumana ilungelo lokufaka isicelo sokhetho olukhethiweyo. Ixesha lokufunda lihluka phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu. Ekupheleni koqeqesho, kuya kufuneka ukhethe phakathi kwinqanaba le-master kunye ne-degree-bachelor degree. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abafundi abaphumeleleyo baseChina bafumanekayo kubafundi bamazwe angaphandle. Apha siza kuthetha ngoku ngabo.

Iprojekthi K-9 - yintoni na?

E-China, kukho amaziko angaphezulu kwekhulu lemfundo ephakamileyo. Ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo, urhulumente welizwe uphuhlise inkqubo yokuxhasa iiyunivesithi ezingcono kwilizwe. Inkqubo iboniswe kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, ngoko ke ngo-2008 iqumrhu elingaqhelekanga lamaziko angama-9 aphakamileyo emfundo kwiprojekthi ye-K-9 yenzeke. Ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje, ezi ziko-yunivesithi zihlala kwindawo ehamba phambili kwizinga leyunivesithi kweli lizwe. Kunyaka ngamnye, ezi nkcukacha zihlaziywa kwaye zibonisa indlela enamandla ngayo inkqubo yemfundo ephakamileyo eChina.

I-K-9 iquka iiyunivesithi ezilandelayo:

• IQumrhu leeLwimi zaseBeijing;
• Yunivesithi yaseTsinghua;
• KwiYunivesithi yaseFudan;
• IYunivesithi yaseYanghai Jiaotong;
• Yunivesithi yaseZhejiang;
• Yunivesithi yaseNanjing;
• IYunivesithi yeShayina yeSayensi kunye neTheknoloji
• Yunivesithi yaseXian Jiaotong;
• IHarbin Institute of Science and Technology.

Abafundi basemzini bangabhalisa nakweyiphi na imfundo ephakamileyo evela ngasentla. IYunivesithi yaseTsinghua yileyunivesithi efanelekileyo kwilizwe. Ndifuna ukuhlala kuyo ngokubanzi.

IYunivesithi yaseTsinghua: ulwazi jikelele

Esi sikolo sithathwa njengeyona nto ibhetele eChina. Ngokuqinisekileyo ihamba phambili ngokubaluleka kwinqanaba leyunivesithi kweli lizwe, kodwa kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe iyunivesithi isekho kwindawo engamashumi amane nesithoba.

Ukuphila nokufunda iimeko eTinging zikhululekile kakhulu kubafundi baseTshayina nabamazwe ngamazwe. Iyunivesithi ibona ekhoneni elihle kakhulu kweli lizwe. Izakhiwo zeeyunivesithi - zemfundo, ihostele zabafundi, iilayibrari kunye neendawo zokuzonwabisa - zingcwatyelwa kwindawo evelelekayo.

Abasebenzi bokufundisa baseTsinghua ngenye yezona zinto zilungileyo kakhulu kweli lizwe: ngokuba yonke imbali kwikhosi yeyunivesiti, iye yaveliswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngabaxhamli beNobel kunye nezopolitiko ezivelele.

Kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, abafundi abangaphantsi kwama-26,000 baqeqeshwe ngonyaka, abo bangama-3 000 bangaphandle. Abantu abaselula abavela kumazwe angama-114 bafika kwiYunivesithi yaseTsinghua, ebonisa ukugqithiswa okukhulu kweziko lemfundo.

Eyunivesithi ungafunda isiShayina phantsi kweprogram ekhethekileyo, gcwalisa i-degree ye-bachelor kwiyiphi na i-38 ekhethekileyo, kwaye ungene kwinkqubo ye-master okanye udokotela.

Imbali yeYunivesithi

IYunivesithi ibonakala ngathi iintlawulo zabaseTshayina kuRhulumente wase-US. Ezi ntlawulo zihambelana nokuvuswa kwabantu ekuchaseni kwamanye amazwe kwiipolitiki zelizwe, xa abemi bezinye izizwe bafa kwinkqubo yokulwa. Oku kwakhokelela ekuhlawuleni iintlawulo ezithile ngenxa yeziphathimandla zase-US. Imali edluliselwe kwi-treasury yase-US igunya liphezulu ngaphezu kokuvunyelwene, kwaye iChina yafuna ukuhlawulwa kwakhona. Ngenxa yoko, iUnited States inikezele ukudala inkqubo yokuxhasa ukuqeqeshwa kwabafundi baseTshayina kwintsimi yaseMelika. Ukuzilungiselela ngo-1911, iYunivesithi yaseTsinghua yasungulwa.

Indawo yaseYunivesithi

Abasemagunyeni baseTshayina banyule indawo ebalulekileyo kakhulu kwiziko lemfundo elitsha - ipaki yeHlabathi yeHlabathi. Ngaphambili kwakukho iindonga zobukhosi kunye nesikolo. Ngoku iyona yunivesithi engcono kunazo zonke eBeijing inemihlaba engama-hekta angaphezu kwama-350, apho zonke izibonelelo zophuhliso ezifunekayo zikhona.

Uphuhliso lweYunivesithi yaseTsinghua

Ekuqaleni, isikolo saseTsinghua safumana isikhundla sekholeji, apho kungabhalwanga abafundi abangaphezu kwama-500. Ngomnyaka kamva, abasemagunyeni baseChina baqamba kabusha isikolo, kodwa kwizicwangciso zangexesha elide laguqulelwa liziko lemfundo ephakamileyo. Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu, amaziko ezemidlalo, amathala eencwadi kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zakhiwo zakhiwe.

Ngenxa yoko, ngo-1928 uTinghua wathola isikhundla segosa esemthethweni. Phakathi kwekhulu leminyaka elidlulileyo i-yuyunivesithi yadluliselwa kwicandelo leeyunivesithi zobugcisa. Ukususela ekubunjweni kwayo, amanqanaba amaninzi ahoxisiwe, kodwa kwiminyaka engama-80 amaGunya aseShayina abuyisela i-profile-profile, eyenza iZinghua ithathe indawo yokuqala kwilizwe.

Isakhiwo saseYunivesithi

Ngethuba leyunivesiti yintlangano yeziko elishumi elinesithandathu elimelelwe ngamagunya angamashumi amahlanu anesithandathu. Abafundi bafunda izifundo zezobugcisa okanye zobugcisa. Okudumile phakathi kwabafundi bamazwe ngamazwe yiZiko loBugcisa kunye noKwakha. Apha unokufunda kwizinto ezilandelayo:

• Imbali yobugcisa;
• Uyilo;
• Ubugcisa obuhle.

Ngelo xesha, abafundi baphucula ulwazi lwabo lwesiTshayina, obanika ithuba elongezelelweyo lokufumana umsebenzi phantsi kwekhontrakthi eBeijing.

Iziko leZayensi zezoNzululwazi linesiseko esihle. Kukhethwa kakhulu ngabafundi baseTshayina, kuba imfundiso idinga ulwazi olufanelekileyo ngolwimi. Inyani kukuba abafundi basekhaya abanako ukuqonda yonke into abatshoyo ootitshala. Emva koko, kukho ezininzi iilwimi ezweni, elihlala lihluke ngokubanzi ukusuka kwelinye nelinye ekukhuliseni nasentsingiselo yamagama.

Iziko lemvelo lifunwa kakhulu. Unalo kuphela i-faculty - ulawulo lobunjineli bendalo. Abafundi abaphumeleleyo basebenza kwiinkampani ezinkulu zokwakha eChina.

Indlela yokungena eyunivesithi

Ukuba uceba ukubhalisa kwi-degree-bachelor degree, kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zaseyunivesithi:

• Umda wesicelo kufuneka angadluli iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu;
• Emva kokungena kwamaphepha (isatifikethi sesibini kunye nesicelo), kuyimfuneko ukudlulisa uvavanyo lweelwimi kunye neemviwo zeeprofayili;
• Abafake izicelo abahlawule imali engama-yuan angamakhulu ayisithupha bayavunyelwa ukuba banikezele;
• Kufuneka uzimisele ukuhlawula iifizi ezingamashumi amabini anesihlanu amawaka e-yuan ukuya kumawaka ayi-40 yuan.

Kwimeko yokungeniswa kwiprogram ye-Master, unyaka wokufunda uya kubiza ukuya kumawaka angamashumi asixhenxe anama-yuan, uqeqesho lwesiNgesi luya kubabiza abafundi ukuya kwi-yuan ikhulu elinamanci mane anesithandathu.

Uqeqesho eChina luya kubabafundi baseRashiya isikolo esingaqhelekanga sokuphila. Uza kufumana into ehluke ngokupheleleyo, leyo ingaba isinyathelo sokuqala ukuya kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zokukhula komsebenzi.