Iintlobo zeenkqubo ze-acoustic: izakhiwo, uhlolo-jikelele, iimpawu

Izithethi ezibi kakhulu ukusuka kwinqanaba lentengo ephakamileyo sele liyeke ukuba izithethi ezilula, ezo bhokisi ezenza isandi ngoncedo lwebini lezivakalisi. Iinjineli zonyaka ukususela, ziguqula imboni kunye nayo yonke into ibe ngumsebenzi omncinci wobungcali ongeyena wonke umntu onokuphinda. Kwakukho iintlobo zeentetho, iindlela ezintsha zokuvelisa isandi, ukuguqula amandla kunye nobukhulu, njalo njalo njalo njalo. Ngethuba lexesha, kubonakala ukubonakala kobuninzi beentlobo ze-acoustic systems. Enyanisweni, oku kuya kuxutyushwa kwimiba engezantsi.

Udidi lweenkqubo ze-acoustic

Ngoko, ngokuqala, siya kuqwalasela iinkalo eziphambili zendlela efana neenkqubo ze- acoustic, kwaye ngoko siya kufumanisa ukuba ziphi kwaye zihluke njani.

Kukho iindidi ezilandelayo zithethi:

• Iseshingi kunye neeplastiki. Ukusuka kwigama kuyacaca ukuba bahluke ngomgaqo wokufakwa ngaphakathi kunye nobukhulu bawo.
• Kwakhona, iinkqubo ze-acoustic ziyahlukahlula kumanani amabhunga (inyaniso, inani lezivakalisi)-ukusuka kwinye ukuya kwi sixhenxe.
• Kukho iinkqubo ezinamandla, ezenziwe nge- electrostatic, planar nezinye i-acoustic, ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela ezenziwe ngayo izithethi, ezingenakuwela kuyo nayiphi na inqanaba (kuxhomekeke kwiingcamango zeenjineli).
• Ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela yokuyila kweemeko, iikholam zihlukaniswe kwiinkqubo ezinezindlu ezivulekileyo, izindlu ezivaliweyo, kunye ne-bass reflex, ne-labyrinth ye-acoustic, njalonjalo.
• Kwakhona, iikholomu zahlula zibe zihambelanayo kwaye zisebenza , kuxhomekeke kubukho besikhulumi somsindo esakhiweyo.

Iifom ze-single-band kunye neenkqubo ezininzi zesithethi

Iisistim e-single-loudspeaker zixhotyiswe nge-radiator enye, kwaye kuba kungenakwenzeka ukumisa i-radiator enye ukuveliswa kakuhle kweefom kanye kanye, abavelisi kufuneka basebenzise ii-radiator ezihlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo.

Kukho neendlela ezi-2 (i-3, 4). Kwiinkqubo ezinjalo, ii-radiators ezimbini zifakwe. Omnye uthabatha ukuveliswa kwamashishini aphantsi nawaphakathi, kwaye okwesibini kuvelisa iifom ephakamileyo kuphela. Ngenxa yeendlela ezibhekiselele kwi-2-speakers, i-balance balance sound is achieved, engenakwenzeka kwisithethi esisodwa (nangona kulungile kakhulu). Isandi salezo zithethi zidla ngokwaneleyo kubantu abangenasiphelo, abanalo iiprogram eziphambili, kodwa kukho nezinye iindlela ezinokwamkelekileyo, umzekelo, iindlela zeendlela ezi-3. Izithethi ezi-3 zithetha zonke iindidi zee-frequency ngokukhawuleza. Elinye i-radiator libandakanya ukuveliswa kwee-frequencies eziphantsi, okwesibini-phezulu, kunye neyesithathu. Izithethi ezi-3 zidibene ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunabanye, kuba kukubonga kule mveliso ukuba umgangatho ophezulu wokuveliswa kweziganeko ezivakalayo ngendlebe yomntu ifumaneka.

Izivakalisi ezingapheliyo nezisebenzayo

Iinkqubo ezikhutheleyo kunye nezingabonakaliyo zikwahlukana ngobukho be-amplifier yamandla edibeneyo ekwenzeni izithethi ngokwabo.

Izithethi ezisebenzayo zinjalo zikhuphaza, ngoko ziyakwazi ukuxhumeka ngqo kwi-preamplifier usebenzisa intambo ye-interconnect, kwaye isithethi ngasinye sinikwa amandla ukusuka kumandla ngaphandle kokuxhuma amandla anikeziweyo.

Izithethi ezingapheliyo, nangona zinzima ngakumbi kwi sixhobo, ziqhubeka zenzeka kaninzi kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kubasebenzisi abaxabisa izandi eziphezulu. Ezi zithethi zixhunyiwe kwi-amplifier yamandla ngefayile yokuhlula. Uxhumano lusebenzisa iindlela ze- acoustic wire. Abakhiqizi abaninzi (iinkampani) iinkqubo ze-acoustic bakhetha ukuveliswa kwee-columns, ngoko bazisa inzuzo enkulu kwaye bavumela iinjineli ukuba ziqonde iingcamango zabo zokuvakala. Ukongezelela ubunzima obuthile ekufakeni, kukho ingxaki yemali, kuba i-amplifier enhle kunye neentambo zesithethi zithengela imali eninzi, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo inqubo ayikwazi "ukulimaza."

Iiprogram zesithethi zesiphondo

Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwenkqubo yesithethi. Ubunqabileyo babo uphondo olufakwe ngaphaya kwe-radiator. Ubuncedo bezo zithethi bubungqina obuphezulu besithethi. Oku kwenza ukuba babe ngumxhasi ohambelanayo we-low-cost and low-power amplifiers, abakwazi ukunika umnikazi wabo ngokwaneleyo umthamo. Iinkqubo ezinjalo zokuzibandakanya zifuna ukufakwa kwindawo efanelekileyo apho kulungiselelwe ukuba kusetyenziswe khona, kodwa ukuba uyichitha ixesha elide, unokufikelela kwisiganeko esinokoqobo kunye nesityebi.

Systems Electrostatic Acoustic Systems

Ezi ndlela ziyaziwa ngokuqulunqwa kwazo okungavamile. Esikhundleni sezithethi zeklasi, i-film yezinto eziphathekayo isetyenzisiweyo, eselululwe ngaphaya komgca kwikholam. Umgaqo wokusebenza ungolu hlobo lulandelayo: isalathisi sesandi sisetyenziselwa ifilimu ngexesha elithile, kwaye umbane usetyenziswa kwi-semiconductors ezibekwe macala (kwezinye iimeko, ukulandelwa komyalelo kuboniswa xa umbane wamandla unikezelwa kwifilimu yokuqhuba). Phakathi kwefilimu kunye ne-semiconductors yakha intsimi ye-electromagnetic kunye nenye indawo. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukunyuka kwefilimu, okuvelisa umbane omsindo. Isandi seenkqubo ezinjalo ze-acoustic zibonakaliswe ngcaciso ephakamileyo, ukuhanjiswa okucacileyo kwesantya ngasinye. Umculo ubonakala ukhululekile kwaye uvulekile. Kwimigodlo ukunika inani elaneleyo leziseko ezingenako ukubonisa ubunzulu obupheleleyo, ngakumbi xa kuziwa kwiintlobo ezifana ne-hip-hop okanye itompom.

Inkqubo yesiteshi esele

Njengezithethi zeekhamera (kwikhaya lekhosi), iisethi ze-5 izithethi kunye ne-subwoofer enye isetyenzisiweyo. Le yinkqubo yeklasi, ibonakaliswe kwaye isetyenziselwa ezininzi iifenki zesandi esihle. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yale nkqubo yikholamu ephakathi, evelisa iingxoxo kwi-cinema kunye neziqephu zomculo ezisisiseko. Le kholomu icwangciswe ngqo phakathi. Abanye abasebenzisi basebenzise kwiinkqubo ze-acoustic kwikhompyutheni, ekubeni ukubukela i-movie ikhona kuyo.

Izibhengezo zangaphambi nangaphambili

Inkqubo yangaphambili yinkcazo yeklasi yezithethi ezenza umphumo we stereo. Ezi zithethi zisoloko zifaka inkqubo epheleleyo ye-acoustic kwiikhomputha (kuba akukho nto ifunekayo enye). Ukuba sithetha ngethala lekhaya, ngoko phakathi kweentetho ezimbini eziphambili (okanye phantsi kweTV) kukho umgca wekontra ephakathi. Ukuxhomekeka kwiimbini zangaphambili zesithethi, kufuneka uqokelele iisalela ze-5.1 yesistim kwinkqubo, kuba zivelisa izandi eziphambili.

Ingxenyeni yangaphambili yenkqubo iikholomu ezimbini ezincinci ezingemva kwebalawuli. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo akuyimfuneko, kodwa bahlala bezalisekile ngeenkqubo ze-acoustic ezi-5.1 zokufikelela ekugqibeleni kakhulu emoyeni kweefilimu ezenziwe ngokutsha. Ukuba i-movietrackck isekela iteknoloji ejikelezileyo, ke ezinye iziganeko kunye nezigcawu kwi-movie ziza kudlala kuphela kwiisithethi zangasemva (oku kwenzeka xa umntu ehla emva kweqhawe le-movie). Xa usebenzisa i-acoustic rack kunokwenzeka ukuba uqalise le nkqubo kwi-computer acoustics.

Subwoofer

Le yikholamu eyahlukileyo ekwazi ukuvelisa kuphela ii-frequencies ne-bass. Kuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kunye nezivakalisi ezibiniweyo kunye nokugqiba inkqubo yesithethi kwikhompyutha, kuba izithethi zangaphambili azikwazi ukuhlangabezana nalo lonke uluhlu lwesandi. I-subwoofer izisa ibhalansi kwisistim yesithethi. Ukubukela i-subwoofer ibonakala ifana nesithethi esiqhelekileyo, kodwa ifaka i-radiator enkulu ebonakalayo. I-subwoofer efakwe kwikona yegumbi okanye phantsi kwedesktophu. Ngenxa yoko, ngendlela, abamelwane bahlala behlupheka.

Umgangatho kunye nomgangatho wesantya

Iinkqubo ezinjalo ze-acoustic zisenokuthiwa yi desktop kunye nangaphandle (okanye iinkqubo zekhompyutheni kunye nezasekhaya). Isithethi esithethi sithatha indawo encinane kwaye ngexesha elifanayo lilinganisa ubuncinane, oko kuthetha ukuba zinokufakwa eziphezulu. Umzekelo, ukuba uyakha inkqubo yomsindo wekhaya oya kudibaniswa kumabonwakude (ukudala ubunzulu bomsindo), unokubeka izithethi zesitefu nakwikhabhinethi (oku kuqinisekisa ukugqithiswa okuphezulu kwendawo). Ukufumana ubungakanani obukhulu kwiisithethi ezidibeneyo, ngokuqhelekileyo zifakwe kwii-racks ezikhethekileyo.

Iimpawu zeplasti zilungele kangcono kumagumbi amakhulu (ahlala ebizwa ngokuba ngama-acoustic systems for cinemas). Bafaka izithethi ezinkulu, kwaye inani labo lihluka ukusuka kwenye ukuya kwezixhenxe. Ukufaka ezo zithethi kwigumbi elincinci kunokubangela ukwandiswa kwezinto ezinzulu kunye ne-buzz ebonakalayo. Iimpawu zeplastiki zibiza kakhulu kuneenkqubo zokugcina izitorethi kwaye zidinga ingqwalasela engakumbi kubalweli kwiibalo xa zidala.

Iinkqubo zeSomlomo kunye ne-bass reflex

I-Bass reflex - lo ngumgodi emzimbeni, apho ipayipi iya khona ngaphakathi kwikholam. Ndiyabulela kule mveliso, i-acoustics inokuvelisa iifom ezantsi ezingekho kwiintetho eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwe-bass reflex. Xa uklala ikholomu, unjineli kufuneka akhethe ububanzi kunye nobude bombhobho ngokuhambelana nexesha apho umthombo onomxholo ozayo kufuneka uvelise. Ngexesha apho umculo udlala, umthamo womoya kwisitampu se-reflex tube uhlaziya kwaye ukhulisa ukuveliswa kwexesha apho ububanzi bombhobho obekwe khona ekuqaleni. Ubungakanani bekholomu ngokwawo abukhathali, i-refs baskxube yakhiwe kuzo zombini iinkqubo ezinkulu zomsindo kwi-homephone ne-compact headphones. Umbhobho wokungenisa umoya ungaphumelela kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yesithethi okanye i-earpiece, kodwa isikhundla sekholomu kwigumbi siya kuxhomekeka kuyo (ipayipi akufanele ivinjelwe nantoni).

Iimpawu ze-Acoustic ezine-labyrinth ze-acoustic

Ngokwenene, i-labyrinth ye-acoustic iyona enye i-bass reflex. Ukwahlukana kukuba umbhobho oya kwinqaba uninzi ugoba, kwaye ubude bawo buninzi. Umsebenzi wombhobho uyafana - ukwandisa umthamo kunye nokuzaliswa kwesandi sezantsi. Ngelishwa, iikholomu ezinjalo zibiza kakhulu kunezo ezine-convention bass reflex, kuba ukuveliswa kwazo kuthatha ixesha elide kwaye kufuna ukuba iinjineli zichaneke ngakumbi, kwaye izinto zibiza kakhulu. Njengokuba isithethi se-bass reflex, ubungakanani befowuni yokuvelisa isandi nawuphi na, kodwa awuyi kubona inkqubo enjalo kwi-headphones.

Izivakalisi ezivaliweyo nezivulekile

Ezinye iinkampani zithethi zivelisa izithethi ezivulekileyo. Uyilo lwe-acoustic lwama-columns lukwahlukana ngokungabikho kwindonga yangemva. Ngenxa yolu, inkululeko inokuvela kwiinkcukacha zokusasazeka. Le ndlela inikezela ngokusondeleyo kwiinkqubo ze-audio-sound acoustic.

Kukho neenkqubo ezivaliweyo ze-acoustic. Enyanisweni, bahluke ngokukodwa kwiimeko zabo akukho zimbobo. Le ndlela yenza ukuba isandi sibe "sisigxina". Oku kubangelwa kukuba umoya awunanto yokuya kuyo, ukunyakaza kwe-diffuser kuboshwe. Ukuze ugweme umphumo ongalunganga woyilo lolo hlobo, iikholomu zale hlobo zenziwe kakhulu, ukuze i-diffuser inenkululeko enkulu yokuhamba. Idibaniso enkulu yezo ndlela kukuba akukho naluphi na umsindo olungenasidingo, ikhodi kunye nabanye abafana nabo.

Iimpawu ze-Acoustic ezine-radiator engahambelaniyo

I-radiator engahambelani yenza umsebenzi ofanayo kunye ne-phase-inverter, umzekelo. Kuyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe isandi esivamile samanqanaba aphantsi. Akukho mibhobho kule miqolo. Umngxube wenziwa nje kwikholam, kwaye isithethi esisisigxina sifakwe ngaphakathi (isithethi esingenaso isimiso sombane, esakhiwe ngesiseko somsakazo omnye, ukumiswa kunye nesakhelo). Ubuncedo be-radiator engabonakaliyo kukukwazi ukuvelisa iziseko kunye nanoma yiyiphi na, nakwii-frequencies eziphantsi. Ezi zinhlobo zeenkqubo ze-acoustic zixabiseke kakhulu kwaye zifuna ukulawula okungaqhelekanga koonjiniyela.