Alpha-blocker: inkcazelo kunye nokubekwa

Ngenxa yophando lwenzululwazi kwicandelo imithi uhlala yafunda intshukumo kweziyobisi, ukukhululwa ngaphezulu oluphezulu lwe mihla. Kodwa kukho iziyobisi uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto ezibalulekileyo eminyaka. Ezi ziquka alpha-blocker.

Amaninzi asetyenziswe ngayo kunyango lwemithi lwegazi, kuba lisibekele uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye njenge inani ukuphazamiseka yomchamo, umz, prostatitis ezingapheliyo kunye nangezilonda ebubonisayo prostatic.

History of izovela

Ukufunyanwa kumagama-blocker kwishishini loxubo Russian yenziwa ngo-1976. Ekubeni babegqalwa amachiza asebenza ngayo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Kodwa ukusebenzisa kwabo akusoloko kufanelekile ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi kakhulu. Omnye yokuqala kweli qela "Prazosin". Okulandelayo, oko yasungulwa ukuvelisa enye enamagama-blocker ezifana "Doksasozin" yaye "Terarozin". Bonke bephela, kwakunye "Prazosin", esetyenziswa ukunyanga lwegazi, kodwa eyahlukileyo kulo inyathelo elide ngakumbi.

Kodwa kwakhona kwahluka kwi iqondo zalapha indawo kunye nenjongo esebenzayo alpha-blocker. Amalungiselelo aya thaca ngezantsi.

iintlobo

Adrenergic ezenza zahlulwe ohlobo ezimbini:

• Alpha-1 receptors, leyo abekiwe phezu komhlaba inwebu le neuron postsynaptic, onoxanduva iziganeko olwenziwe ngokusebenzisa idilesi ezinye iiseli zemithambo-luvo catecholamine okanye iiseli effector, kuquka iiseli ezithile nemithambo. Le ngenxa yomsebenzi kwezi receptors yi vasoconstriction.
• Alpha-2 receptors, apho ibekwe phezu inwebu le neuron igade isizukulwana presynaptic of norepinephrine emqhokrweni zobuchopho ngokusebenzisa ingxelo engentle, oku kunciphisa imveliso noradrenaline, amaninzi emqhokrweni zobuchopho.

Ukuphunyezwa receptor kuvalwe iindlela alpha-1 semithambo kwezihlunu egudileyo akunazo vasoconstriction wavusa catecholamines. Alpha-2 receptors ithuba ibekwe kwi inwebu presynaptic nje neuron, hayi bebeke, ngoko kukho ngengqibelelo nendlela yokunika ingxelo ngayo, ukumqumbisa ukukhululwa noradrenaline.

Uyakhetha 1 (blocker) ezi bachasene of nezamkeli postsynaptic. imithi ezinjalo ukuphelisa umsebenzi receptor ngenxa kwimiphumo catecholamines yakhululwa kwegazi, yaye iiseli zemithambo-luvo.

imisebenzi

Ukongeza iziphumo ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi, blocker alpha (iziyobisi ezidweliswe ngezantsi) neminye imisebenzi. Etokardialnye, metabolic, iziphumo extracardiac nonyango. Sci ukusebenza aphezulu eli qela iziyobisi unyango utshintsho kwi myocardium, inkqubo coronary, xa echaphazela iiproteni endlaleni.

extracardiac

• Ukukhuthazwa izintso.
• Zokuhlanjululwa kwabo kwimibhobho inyumoniya.
• Ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo pathways kwinkqubo enzala kwi prostate ithumba elihle.

Alpha-blocker kuba nempembelelo entle ekunciphiseni ukukhula thumba kunye neqondo ubuzaza induku.

zokuma

• Ukunciphisa hypertrophy engabalulekanga.
• Zilawule rhythm intliziyo.

Ngokuqaphela ngenxa nefuthe elibi isetyenziswa ukusilela intliziyo angina.

metabolic

• Ukunciphisa ubungozi umonakalo cholesterol.
• Nciphisa amazinga eswekile yegazi (insulin) egazini.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ngokufuthi alpha-blocker asetyenziswe ukunyanga izifo prostate emadodeni.

Inani labemi eyindoda abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50, ngokufuthi ubunzima kolu hlobo sifo, ngolokuqala kuzo prostatitis wesinye adenoma.

Ezi zifo ibe nefuthe elibi ebomini bomntu xa iyonke. iingxaki okuqhubekekayo kunye ukuchama, ukungakhululeki, namandla progressive imiqobo abanye abantu na ubudala. Ukongeza, ezi zifo zikhankanywe apha ngasentla zithathwa ukuba nenala. Kaninzi akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle uqhaqho. Ukumisa sifo iziyobisi zesigaba kusetyenziswa bukhali.

Kuba yezonyango yokungenelela wasebenzisa-blocker, inhibitors we-5-Alpha-reductase.

Scheme therapeutic isenzo inhibitors

Ukukhula zihlunu izitho endlaleni kubangelwa ikakhulu hormone. Steroid 5-alpha reductase ikhuthaza lweHo- kwi prostate hormone testosterone yenguqu ibe dihydrotestosterone. Nevuthisayo ngexesha yena, enebana receptor androgen zenyukliya esinobubovu wesinye lukwakhuthaza secretion kwemiba ukukhula paracrine, ke nabo abangeni endlaleni. Alpha-blocker, inhibitors we-5-Alpha-reductase bakwazi ukunceda kule meko.

Imveliso ngokugqithisileyo dihydrotestosterone kubangela inani kwezifo ezinzima ezifana hypertrophy ingozi prostatic, nangezilonda umhlaza, prostate nezinye izifo yomchamo. Kweli nqanaba kwi inhibitors ezisetyenziswayo we-5-alpha reductase inhibitors njengoko ikhosi unyango. negalelo lazo therapeutic lo reductase yaye kuvalwe, nto leyo lihlisa amanqanaba DHT, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho wendlala kwentamo.

Amachiza kakhulu liyathandwa kweli qela zezi "Finasteride" yaye "Dutasteride". Zinelungelo nemiphumo efanayo kwezonyango, ixesha ezahlukeneyo sesichengeni kunye irejimeni.

Blocker, inhibitor we-5-Alpha-reductase zingathengwa kwi ekhemesti kwi kagqirha.

Kodwa ke nangona ukusebenza eziphakamileyo, amachiza asetyenziswa ngononophelo kwaye hayi kuzo zonke iimeko ngenxa yenani elikhulu ukwenza izinto ezimbi kunye Izimo.

ziphumo bezingalindelekanga enkulu ngexesha uthatha

• Emva kokuba ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kuxinzelelo wegazi kusenokwenzeka ukuba hypotension.
• Isicaphucaphu, intloko kunye nesiyezi.
• iyangongoza Heart, bamba umphefumlo.
• iintlungu kwezihlunu, buthathaka.
• Umthomalalisi.
• ukugcinwa fluid, nokudumba.
• Intlungu esiswini kunye amathumbu.
• Nose, ukuphelelwa umoya, linxano.
• Okunye njalo kwisiqingatha neemazi qha waphawula ukukhuthazwa ubuthathaka isinyi, ukuchama rhoqo.

Ngoko ke, blocker alpha-beta kufuneka isetyenziswe ngobulumko.

Esinye seziphumo ezinkulu na hypotension postural, apho kuqhubeka sele idosi enye. iimpawu yakhe yokuqala ukuvela emva kangangesiqingatha seyure okanye iyure emva kokufumana medicament. Oku kusebenza kakhulu kwi "prazosin". Ukunqanda le isiphumo icala, ichiza kufuneka ilawulwe ngokukhulisa rejimeni kwaye ngokukhethekayo ubusuku.

Ngokunxulumene neziphumo ngasentla kwicala okhankanywe alpha blocker emiselweyo ngokudityaniswa kunye womchamo ukunqanda nokugcinwa fluid izibulala-ntlungu okudambisa iimpawu iintlungu.

Imithi eli qela wabelwa ukuba abe unyango ezimeleyo okanye ngaxeshanye kunye namanye amayeza ekunyangeni izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

isifo

izifo abaliqela, kuba unyango apho alpha-blocker zisetyenziswa:

• Xa ulawulo lwezifo unesifo kwi kunyango indibaniselwano njengendlela ukuphumeza isiphumo ngokukhawuleza nezinyangayo.
• Amahlathi ebubonisayo kwi le ndlala yesinye.
• Diabetes osegazini.
• Pheochromocytoma.
• neoplasm amabi, le ndlala wendlala.

Izimo

Ziziphi iimeko musa amisele alpha- beta-blocker?

Eyona Izimo eziphambili Ukuphelelwa amalungiselelo:

• wegazi;
• emzimbeni;
• unyango kunye womchamo;
• malformations ezahlukeneyo intliziyo;
• senhliziyo ezingapheliyo;
• somoya;
• nokuphazamiseka intliziyo isingqisho.

Musa alikwazi ukugunyazisa iziyobisi hlobo kwi yokumitha ngexesha zisanyisa, njengoko izifundo laboratory ngqo kulo mba sele kuqhutywa.

Alpha-blocker adenoma

iziyobisi engundoqo eli qela asetyenziswa ekunyangeni adenomas:

• "Uroksataral".
• "Cardura".
• "Gitrin".
• "Rapaflo."
• "Flomaks".

Xa iyeza data alpha-blocker. Uluhlu iyaqhubeka.

indlela isenzo

Indlela yokusebenza kwala machiza ekulweni adenoma ilula, bathabatha nethoni yelo izihlunu wesinye isinyi, kuze ngokwenjenjalo kuncedwe ukunciphisa ukuchama.

Ukumisela indlela enjalo unyango amayeza kunye umthamo ngamnye, ukuthatha amaxesha enye okanye ezimbini ngosuku.

Amisele iindidi amayeza ezinesifo phambili abanenkinga ukuchama, kunye neziyobisi buthathaka abanalo yifuna.

Isiphumo engundoqo unyango luqala ukuvela emva iveki amayeza. Kwiintsuku 14-21 kukho isiqabu elibonakalayo isigulane.

oyi

Kuba ukusebenza eliphezulu zonyango zafunyanwa iperi alpha-blocker kunye inhibitors we-5-Alpha-reductase. Ukusebenza aphezulu okusebenzisa ngamalungiselelo bafundelane ngezibini afunyenwe ngenxa zophononongo zonyango.

Ayikhuthazwa ukudibanisa amayeza ngentla ngaxeshanye iziyobisi okanye BADami induku. Ngoyo zonyango ukusebenza blocker, leyo ayinqweneleki. Isiphumo ingaba ukuhla okukhulu uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Enye isiphumo esibi zolawulo alpha blocker Urologicals ukuchama inokuba em- lwesinye. Yenza akukho neziphumo ezibi kwimpilo jikelele.

Xa usebenzisa le iqela imithi yokulwa adenoma ekucetyiswa ukunciphisa namanye amachiza uxinzelelo lwegazi. Kwamkelwa i element of kwanonyango ezintsonkothileyo, kunokuba ngaphantsi ngempumelelo unyango lwegazi.

Kuba izigulane abaphethwe zizifo unesifo xa usebenza notshintsho prostate alpha-blocker Kucetyiswa ukuba gqolo ukujonga amanqanaba uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Zokuzikhusela xa uthatha iziyobisi

• Amayeza kunye blocker alpha sebenzisa ezimiselwe kuphela ngugqirha. Ugqirha kufuneka simisele ithamo, ubude ulwamkelo.
• Unyango ngala machiza sibe phantsi kweliso ugqirha okanye kwindawo yonyango ezindongeni.
• Xa ngokubonakala neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ukuyeka ezithatha ichiza aze adibane nogqirha.
• Xa kungekho tyala musa ukutshintsha idosi phezulu ngokuzimeleyo.
• Eminye imithi ngaxeshanye alpha-blocker ukuba uyavumelana kwagqirha.
• Musa ukusebenzisa alpha-blocker njenge unyango olungxamisekileyo zezigulo unesifo ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha.
• Musa ukwamkela iziyobisi aphelelwe lixesha okanye nokuthutha kakuhle, umonakalo cwecwe iqokobhe nzima.
• iziyobisi Thenga kuphela mvume kwiikhemesti.
• Xa ufumana iqela ikhankanywe apha ngasentla amayeza rhoqo imini yonke yaye ngexesha lokulala ukuba umlinganiselo uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Ukuthatha amayeza nokuvavanyelwa uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi ngethuba lokukhulelwa, qiniseka ukuba uyavumelana kwagqirha.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba libanda, la machiza kungakhokelela nemiphumo engathandekiyo.