Abantwana Mayakovsky, nakwizibetho zabo

Vladimir Mayakovsky, odumileyo kuphela italente yayo kwimibongo brilliant, kodwa kananjalo charisma enamandla, nto leyo kanye aphule iintliziyo ezininzi ababhinqileyo. zombini A lot of zothando kunye ukuzenza bashiya uphawu lwawo iindinyana wembongi, waza wazala indoda yokwenene. Abantwana Mayakovsky - le yenye imiba engundoqo kubaphandi biography wembongi. Ngoobani iindlalifa le misebenzi Futurist enkulu? Bangaphi abantwana Mayakovsky, njani nakwizibetho zabo?

ubomi Personal wembongi

Vladimir Mayakovsky waba umtsalane kakhulu, clever kunye nendoda eyinzwana. Ngaphambi ukugqojozwa wakhe, bendibetha tye entliziyweni amehlo nako ukumelana phantse naluphi na umfazi. Ngako oko ke usoloko engqongwe sisihlwele abalandeli, yaye lula waziphosa elwandle uthando, kunokutshiseka. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ezizodwa, imvakalelo olufudumeleyo zaye ubotshwe Lily Brik, kodwa aziphelelanga kuzo ihlombe yayo kwabanye abafazi. Ngoko ke, uthando kunye Elizavetoy Lavinskoy kunye Elizavetoy Zibert (Elli Dzhons) ziye kakhulu sibi ukuba imbongi, soloko ziyathandwa niche of inkumbulo yakhe kunye nelifa.

lemveli umbuzo

Abantwana Mayakovsky, nakwizibetho zabo - lo mbuzo luphakame ngokukhethekileyo kabukhali emva kokufa imbongi yakhe. Kakade ke, imibongo, memoirs ababephila, iidayari, iileta, iingxelo documentary zixabiseke kakhulu kwimbali iincwadi Russian, kodwa umbuzo ebaluleke ngakumbi inzala kunye nelifa lemveli.

imemori aphi- nembali Futurist qwa kubo ngabantwana Mayakovsky, swa koteka ku iimfihlelo, amathandabuzo kunye engachananga. Lilia Brik ayikwazanga nabantwana. Nakuba kunjalo, abaphandi aqinisekile 99% ukuba iindlalifa wembongi ubuncinane ezimbini. Bafika kubafazi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kumazwekazi ezahlukeneyo. Lo nyana Gleb-Nikita Lavinsky kunye nentombi uPatricia Thompson.

Kangangethuba elide, ulwazi malunga kubo olusana, kunye neenkcukacha amabali kuphela abantu abasondeleyo wayesazi ukuzalwa. Ke kaloku oonyana baka-Mayakovsky (iifoto kunye namaxwebhu zigcinwe kuvimba museum) - yinto aveza iqiniso.

indodana

Xa usebenza "Windows of Growth" (1920) Vladimir Mayakovsky wadibana ne wegcisa Lily (Elizabeth) Lavinskaya. Nangona ngelo xesha kwakukho inenekazi otshatileyo, oko akukhange wayeka ukuba ukufumana imbongi nemincili yinzwana akuyo. Isiqhamo ezi ubudlelwane ngunyana lwabo bamkela igama kabini Gleb-Nikita. Wazalwa Agasti 21, 1921 kwaye ebhalwe amaxwebhu phantsi kwegama Antona Lavinskogo, indoda unina legosa. Le nkwenkwe Gleb, Nikita ebesoloko eyaziwa ngubani uyise omzalayo. Ngaphezu koko, nangona isilela ingqalelo njengotata (abantwana Vladimira Mayakovskogo akazange athathe, wada Ababengabahlonele), yena kakhulu wayithanda imbongi, kwaye ndisemncinane wayefunda kwizibongo nemibongo yakhe.

impilo

Nikita ubomi Hleb Akuzange kube lula. abazali enkwenkwe bayaphila ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu wakhulela kwikhaya leenkedama. Kuba imibono loluntu le ndawo okusemandleni ukukhulisa abantwana baze babafundise kwiqela. Malunga uyihlo Gleb Nikita-ugcinwe inkumbulo encinane. Kamva ke uya kumxelela intombi yakhe encinci Elizabeth ngomhla othile entlanganisweni yamatyala, xa Mayakovsky Ayithimba emagxeni akhe, waya balcony uze ufunde naye kwizibongo nemibongo yakhe.

Unyana Mayakovsky kaThixo wayemana entle zobugcisa indlebe ngokupheleleyo umculo. Kwiminyaka 20 Gleb, Nikita wabizwa ngaphambili. Zonke kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, waba isosha oqhelekileyo. Emva koko watshata okokuqala.

Emva kokuphumelela ngo-1945, unyana ka-Mayakovsky wangena Surikov Institute waza waba nomkroli ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Eziphawuleka kakhulu nezibekekileyo umsebenzi wakhe - ilitye lesikhumbuzo Ivanu Susaninu e Kostroma (1967).

Gleb-Nikita Lavinskii wafa Juni 14, 1986.

Ukufana noyise

Ngowe-1965, kumasifundisane le nomkroli Gleb-Nikita Lavinsky watyelela boncwadi E. Guskov. Waba yi zifana alungisele umfo Vladimir Mayakovsky, enzulu, ilizwi lakhe eliphantsi, nendlela becengceleza izibongo njengoko wenza imbongi ngokwakhe.

Nyana uyise non-lweenkobe Anton Lavinsky bekusoloko Isikhumbuzo eziphilayo nomdla kunye ukungcatshwa ngumfazi wakhe. Mhlawumbi, ngoko, utata kunye nobudlelwane indodana leyo intle. Kodwa ngumhlobo Mayakovsky yaba, ngokuchasene noko, ngendlela emangazayo eshushu kwaye womelele. logcino Family igcinwe iifoto ezininzi kungqina oku.

The American inkampani

Ngeminyaka yee-1920 kubudlelwane phakathi Mayakovsky kunye Liliey Brik kwabakho utshintsho ezinkulu, kwaye ngenene imeko yezopolitiko eRashiya ngelo xesha kwakunzima ukuba imbongi olululo. Oku isizathu sokuba uhambo lwakhe eUnited States, apho lahlala ngokubanzi, ukutyelela umhlobo Davida Burlyuka. Apho wadibana emigrant Russian Elli Dzhons (igama lokwenyani - Elizabeth Siebert). Uye waba ngumhlobo oluthembekileyo, iqabane itoliki elinomtsalane kunye naye kwilizwe lasemzini.

Le noveli yaba ibaluleke kakhulu ngenxa imbongi. Ude nzulu ufuna ukutshata, ukudala izibuko usapho ezolileyo. Noko ke, uthando endala (Lily Brik) akayi akamvumela ukuba, onke amaza iphela ngokukhawuleza. A Juni 15, 1926 Elli Dzhons wazala intombi imbongi xa - Patricia Thompson.

Ekuzalweni, le ntombazana wanikwa igama uHelen Patrisiya Dzhons. Ifani ilifa nomyeni wakhe unina emigrant ka George Jones. Bekufuneka ukuba umntwana ingqalelo ezisemthethweni kwaye uhlale e-United States. Ukongeza, iya kuzaliseka imfihlakalo lokuzalwa wasindisa le ntombazana. abantwana kunokwenzeka Mayakovsky koko ukufumana phantsi nentshutshiso NKVD noninzi Lily Brik.

nxi

Malunga ngubani na uyise yokwenene, uHelen, uPatricia wafunda iminyaka elithoba. Kodwa le ngcaciso luhlale imfihlelo usapho yaye angafumanekiyo kuluntu ixesha elide. Le ntombazana iye ilifa italente uyise bokudala. Xa-15 ubudala, yena ngokubhalisa kwi-College of Art, emva koko wafumana umhleli umsebenzi kweli phephancwadi "Macmillan". Apho yenza ngokutsha bhanya kunye kwanomculo, hlela, westerns, elingezenzululwazi, amabali zokucupha. Ukongeza kwimisebenzi sokushicilela, uHelen, uPatricia wasebenza njengomfundisi, wabhala le ncwadi.

Ngowe-1954, intombi Mayakovsky kaThixo wayezeke American Wayne Thompson, waliguqula igama lakhe lokugqibela ukushiya inxalenye yesibini igama kabini - Patricia. kweminyaka engama-20 kamva, esi sibini umtshato.

Patricia Thompson (okanye Elena Vladimirovna Mayakovskaya) wafa Aprili 1, 2016.

Umhlangano noyise

Xa Patricia wayeneminyaka emithathu ubudala, yena ke lixesha lokuqala kuphela nasemdudweni utata. Iindaba wokuzalwa intombi yakhe kunene yamkholisa Mayakovsky, kodwa akazange akwazi ukufumana visa eUnited States. Kodwa imvume uhambo wakwazi ukuya eFransi. Kwaba apho, e Nice, waphumla nentombi yakhe Elli Dzhons. Patricia bambiza Volodya, yaye waqhubeka wathi, "intombi" yaye "nasezirhangeni amancinci". Engazi kodwa, ngubani phambi kwayo, le ntombazana wahlala iinkumbulo ezifudumeleyo uwuthandayo yale ntlanganiso.

nabazukulu

Abantwana Mayakovsky, nakwizibetho zabo - yinto isahluko eyahlukileyo kwimbali buchopho imbongi. Ngoku, ngelishwa, akasekho. Kodwa ke memory selayini yaqhubeka kunye nabazukulwana.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uqinisekise ukuba unyana Mayakovsky - Gleb, Nikita - uye watshata izihlandlo ezithathu. Ukusuka kule umtshato waba nabantwana abane (oonyana ababini kunye neentombi ezimbini). Kumazibulo-unyana ogama lakhe behlonipha sikayise imbongi kaThixo, Vladimir, kwaye intombi encinci - imbeko umama - Elizabeth. Abantwana Mayakovsky wahamba ekhondweni ukhokho baba nabadali ndambeka (abakroli, ngabapeyinti, ootitshala). Ulwazi malunga nakwizibetho zabo thaca kunokuba kuphekwe eyayivela. Siyazi kuphela ukuba umzukulwana mdala wembongi nobizo (Vladimir) wafa ngo-1996, kunye nomzukulwana wakhe ebambe workshop art yabantwana. Rhode Mayakovsky bayaqhubeka abazukulwana ezintlanu Gleb-Nikita (kulya, Elizabeth, uMikayeli, Alesandire Anastasia). Iikulya Lavinskii wezakhiwo, Elizabeth - igcisa imidlalo kunye cinema.

Malunga Patricia Thompson Ulwazi uluntu Russian phambi 1990 ivaliwe. Noko ke, ubungqina enozalwano imbongi odumileyo wabonakala umbuzo ofanelekileyo zizale. intombi Abantwana Mayakovsky kaThixo? Kwathi kanti, uPatricia Thompson na unyana uRoger, ukuba usebenza igqwetha, yena utshatile, kodwa abantwana babo abavumelekanga.

anika umdla

• Mayakovsky, unyana wafumana igama kabini ngenxa umahluko ekukhetheni komzali igama umfana. Inxalenye yokuqala - Gleb - awayifumana ubaba wakhe, inxalenye yesibini - Nikita - ukusuka kumama. Mayakovsky ngokwakhe bekhulisa unyana wakhe wathabatha akukho inxalenye, nangona lundwendwe rhoqo intsapho kwiminyaka yokuqala embalwa.
• Ngo-2013, ngomhla Channel Omnye waba film "Umbhalo", elingcwele, isikhumbuzo 120th wokuzalwa wembongi. Isiseko ifilimu bamaxwebhu esekelwe kwimbali uthando esibulalayo Mayakovsky noLily Brik, izizathu ukuba ukuzibulala imbongi, wavalelwa ochaphazelekayo umxholo ongunaphakade - abantwana Mayakovsky (ngokufutshane). Yaba lo mboniso okokuqala ngokuphandle demonstratively wathi, njengeendlalifa wembongi.
• Imbongi Futurist ebesoloko kwi embindini ingqalelo ababhinqileyo. Nangona uthando zonke-esela ngenxa Lili Brik, yena nguye a lot of iinoveli. Yaye kwenzeka ntoni emva, kwiimeko ezininzi umlando cwaka. Noko ke, Gleb-Nikita Lavinskii wakha wakhankanya ukuba Mayakovsky unenye indodana, ohlala eMexico. Kodwa olu lwazi alukhange lufumane documentary wakhe okanye naliphi na ubungqina.
• Patricia Thompson wabhala ebomini bakhe iincwadi 15. Abambalwa babo yanikezela kuyise wayo. Ngoko ke, le ncwadi "Mayakovsky eManhattan ibali uthando" isixelela ngabazali bakhe ulwalamano lwabo mfutshane kodwa noxhamla ubuncwane. UPatricia nayo ekuqaleni ngobomi bakhe 'ntombi yam, "kodwa akazange abe ixesha ayigqibe.
• Sele ukuba ebudaleni ikwandim, uPatricia wadibana uyise archive (St. Petersburg ilayibrari). Kwiphepha elinye wafumana imizobo abantwana bakhe (iintyatyambo kunye namagqabi), abashiya ngexesha kwintlanganiso yokuqala kuphela.
• Ngesicelo kakhulu Elli Dzhons intombi yomzimba kanina sitshisiwe emva kokufa kwakhe waza wafihlwa kwingcwaba Vladimir Mayakovsky kwi Novodevichy emangcwabeni.
• Umzukulu ka imbongi - Elizabeth Lavinskaya - wabhala incwadi "Nyana ka Mayakovsky." Le ncwadi, kwisikhumbuzo uyise, unyana ka wembongi edumileyo, ulwalamano lwakhe nzima kunye ubaba wakhe nothando lokuzincama uyise, lowo zange waba ixesha lokufunda ngabom. Emva Gleb, Nikita wayeneminyaka esibhozo kuphela ubudala, xa kwakukho Mayakovsky.
• Mayakovsky wayekhulelwe uthando lwakhe yakutshanje - Veronica Polonskaya. Kodwa wayetshatile yaye akazange afune ukuba uhlukane ubudlelwane kangangokuba ubashiye nokubalelwa ngenxa heartthrob imbongi yakhe. Ngoko ke Polonskaya waba isisu.

PS

Abantwana baba Mayakovsky? Ngoku kwakusazeka ukuba, ewe. Kwaye nangona engazange nditshatile ngokusesikweni, ngoku ukuba zonke izithintelo neengozi yentshutshiso waphakamisa, siyazi ukuba kukho ezihlangwini ubuncinane ezimbini wembongi enkulu yotshintsho olululo. Ngaphezu koko, inzala yakhe bahlala namhlanje, esiya yi indlela yakhe yokudala. Nememori kwalo mmangaliso yoncwadi, Mayakovsky, abantwana, abazukulwana kunye nabazukulwana ezinkulu ziya kuthwala ngokukhululekileyo emva kweminyaka emininzi.