Umsebenzi "criminalist": inkcazelo, uqeqesho, iimpawu kunye nohlolo

Musa ukulala izinto zolwaphulo-mthetho, basoloko besenza izenzo zabo ezimdaka. Kwaye ngubani Imelwe naphumayo trail wabo! umsebenzi "criminologist" Ingakumbi kule zadalwa. Indlela ekuchazwa ngayo kule meko ezintsonkothileyo, kwakunye neenkcukacha ukuba kuyimfuneko ukufunda indoda yagqiba ekubeni ukulwa ulwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye ziya kufumaneka kweli nqaku.

Xela igama malunga isihloko

ingcali Forensic wabiza umntu eqokelela uhlola ubungqina kwi ndawo ulwaphulo-mthetho. Igama livela ngokudibanisa amagama amabini Latin athetha "abanamava" yaye "mthetho". Kubalulekile ukuba ulwazi leyo siwabuthele ndawonye criminalistics science. Uqwalasela iipatheni iimpawu yokusebenza kunye indlela leli ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ukongeza, sasifunda lubandakanywe nezenzo zolwaphulo mthetho kunye neendlela kuzifihla eyabathintelayo nxaxheba. Nayo yaphuhliswa kwaye kusetyenziswa iindlela ezizodwa kunye nezixhobo ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kwedatha, uphando kunye nocazululo ubungqina.

Ezi nkcukacha lo msebenzi

Kubalulekile ke eshiya umphandi ngezifo kunye nendawo apho ulwaphulo mthetho. Yena uthatha inxaxheba uhlolo kunye khomiwa kobungqina, ezo imizila igazi, iibhutsi, iiglavu, izinto fingerprint (esenokuba ebalulekileyo izinto ubungqina), kwakunye ukufunda umonakalo ngayo umzimba nexhoba okanye ixhoba. Ukanti uninzi umsebenzi wenziwe kwindawo ngokukodwa wadala le lebhu. Ngapha koko, ucazululo olwandulelayo kuphela kungenziwa kuloo ndawo.

umahluko professional

Iingcali inokuba intsingiselo jikelele (leyo kakhulu kakuhle), kwaye bayaqhankqalaza indlela ethile. Ethandwa kakhulu zezi:

- ubuchule trasological ;

- ballistic;

- fingerprint;

- phonoscopic;

- graphology;

- avtorovedcheskie;

- Examination neziqhushumbisi;

- amaxwebhu;

- Ukuhlolisisa izixhobo Uyadubula.

Bona yenziwa ukuze ufake umfanekiso ulwaphulo-mthetho ze uchonge komoni nexhoba kunye nokuchongwa kwezixhobo amatyala. Ngokomzekelo, makhe sijonge iimviwo trasological. Ngoko siyakuthi nokufundiswa kwayo nayiphi na nentwana ababesele kwi ndawo ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngenxa yoko, uyakwazi ukwenza imisonto ukusuka impahla, iinyawo, amavili isithuthi, inyeke kwamazinyo, mthetho umpu. khondo lokubulala kunye nendlela iimpawu sledoobrazovaniya nazo zihlalutywe. Ekubeni iindlela ezizodwa usebenzisa iimpawu lwasenkundleni ezizodwa trasologii-efuna ezivumela ukuba kuligweba ngalo into oshiye kubo. Siye sifunde ukohluka logwayimbo, kwenziwa njani yesifundo kwaye okuninzi nezinye izinto. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inzululwazi lwasenkundleni esoloko kusenzeka. zayo iindlela ezintsha kunye nobuchule ezinceda ekusombululeni ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko ke, iingcali zithi, ukuba omnye kuphando eziphuhlileyo kuthathwa ukuba DNA, apho ngezinto eziphilayo izingqi uyakwazi ukuchonga umntu.

malunga noqeqesho

Thina sele sinengcamango yokuba yintoni eyenza umsebenzi "lwasenkundleni". Imfundo akwenziwa ngqo kuye. Kufuneka kuqala ufunde ukuba igqwetha, kwaye ngoku sele ufumana iwonga ochwepheshe. Njengoko ubona, uluhlu olubanzi. Ngapha koko, le amandla umthetho kwilizwe lethu kakhulu kunene. Noko ke, abafundi majoring kwi "forensics" kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiiyunivesithi ezikhethekileyo Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, ezikunika kuso ngomlinganiselo ofanayo. Yintoni inkqubo yokufunda? Iingcali zithi ukuba kukho malunga 2/3 - lo mkhuba. Kwakhona kubanjwa lokudubula noqeqesho melee. Kulungile ngokwayo, wafunda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iimviwo lwasenkundleni, ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kwazo. Xa sele kugqityiwe uqeqesho, abaphumelele wathumela-Ofisi yoMphathiswa of Internal Affairs nokuvelisa umsebenzi kwi elithile. Ukuba unomdla uvumo "lwasenkundleni", ulumke: iiyunivesithi ezininzi izidanga iingcali ajongene kwiingcali zobugcisa. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufumana luncedo kakhulu ukufunda izakhono eziya kufumana. Umzekelo, ukuba ndaphumelela Moscow State Academy of Law ingcali ngezifo, uvumo umntu kuphela kwezoqoqosho okanye rechevedcheskoy.

Apho unako ukusebenza nge imfundo enjalo?

Kucacile ukuba amathuba Interior Ubulungiseleli Musa kufunwa, nangona karhulumente arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kunye namaziko olwazi kwaye loo ndawo kakhulu ukuba isebenze. Ngaphandle kwezi, kukho ithuba lokuba ukusebenza kwiilebhu zabucala lwasenkundleni. Ngokuxhomekeke kumalungiselelo zengqesho kunokwenzeka enkonzweni ukhuseleko inkampani yabucala, kufuneka iingcali ukufumana ubungqina ukuxhasa ityala. Kulo mzekelo, ingcali lwasenkundleni, ogama umsebenzi yi "tsolo" phantsi ekufumanekeni imizila ahlala ongagunyaziswanga okanye impatho-mbi ngokoqoqosho, Ngaphezu kwimfuno, oyingcali kwicandelo lezifundo weave.

Kwakhona, zolwaphulo abaninzi zibonisa ukuba umntu abeke phambili inani iimfuno ngokoMthetho ngokufumaneka iimpawu ezithile zobuqu. Ngoko ke, ukwazi, erudition, ukuzithemba, nengqiqo, ukuba nocwangco kunye nobukrelekrele eliphezulu zamkelekile. Kwakhona qiniseka ukuba imemori elungileyo, abe Ukuthanda uhlalutyo kwaye ube nesakhono yoxinaniso elide kwi into. Xa izicelo ezinjalo bekuya kuba mnandi ukufumana umvuzo ephakamileyo. Ngoko enoba practice?

imbuyekezo

Wakha wazibuza ukuba ingeniso eninzi kuzisa uvumo 'olunzulu'? Iholo kuyo i-Russian Federation ngaphakathi zibe engange-25 ukuya kwezingama-40 amawaka. Vuma, okuqinileyo kakhulu! Noko ke, asimele silibale ukuba iimpawu kufuneka ibe umntu ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo.

isiphelo

Iingcali Forensic zinendima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yenkundla, ingakumbi kwiimeko apho umhlaseli ayiphumelelanga ukubamba up awasukela, athana mbende. Ukuba uyakwazi ukuchaza indlela oluqhuba ulwaphulo-mthetho, ingakumbi ukulungiswa kwayo, eni ngokwasengqondweni-nxaxheba kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi eziya kukunceda ukusombulula le meko. Ngelo abasebenzi ngexesha elifanayo le nkonzo abaziingcali exabiso anokuphinda zibonwa kwinqanaba umvuzo wabo - oku akuthethi ukuba aphoswe ngaphandle ngundaba-mlonyeni.