Qualification nokukhubazeka. Ukumisela izinga yokukhubazeka

abantu abakhubazekileyo - kukuba ayo eyiyo ngokupheleleyo ukwenza imisebenzi yobungcali. Inkoliso yabantu yobomi bakhe benikezela umsebenzi wabo. Iqala kukhethwe wobugcisa, uphando kunye nophuhliso. Kuba 30 - engama-40, umntu kuphuhlisa zabo izakhono ze azithengise ukuze afumane intlawulo. Oku ingqalelo ixesha uyasebenza yengqesho.

iintlobo zomsebenzi

qualification yokukhubazeka kuthetha ubukho iintlobo:

• imisebenzi yabasebenzi jikelele malunga nawuphi na umsebenzi phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo;
• umsebenzi umsebenzi ubandakanya ukufunyanwa esicelo kwaye eluncedo ulwazi kwiimeko ehambelana kulo msebenzi;
• ukukwazi eyodwa umsebenzi ezinxulumene neemeko ezithile zokusebenza, ngokufuthi oqatha, kunzima ukwenza kwaye ifuna izakhono ezizodwa kunye noqeqesho.

Enoba yintoni uhlobo lomsebenzi ekhetha umntu, ukuba iyeza, ukuba kuza yokukhubazeka buso okanye iyonke.

Izinto ezibangela ukukhubazeka

Nokungalali ngokupheleleyo ukwenza umsebenzi kunokwenzeka nesifo emsebenzini okanye ngokubanzi. Kuba izifo eziqhelekileyo iingxaki zempilo na ezinxulumene neemeko zokusebenza kunye nokuphelela lo msebenzi. Amaninzi ke umntu onesiphene zizonke xa ingafuneki ixesha elide yophuhliso okukhethekile, okanye naziphi na izakhono ezithile. Izifo ezibangelwa ezi mgaqweni ngokwendalo, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, kukho ilahleko ukukwazi ukusebenza yexeshana ihlawulwa ngurhulumente okanye umqeshi ngokuhambelana nemithetho yezabasebenzi.

ukukhubazeka Occupational abantu kunxulumene ngqo neengozi yomsebenzi wabo okanye lufundiwe ngenxa yeemeko ezinzima zokusebenza nasiphi na isifo. Kulo mzekelo, ingena ukusebenza nje kuphela "Umthetho", kodwa imigaqo-inshorensi yobomi kwi iingozi emsebenzini.

ukukhubazeka kwenxalenye

Wonke umntu unelungelo lokuba kukhathalelo lwempilo olusemgangathweni xa kuthe yokhubazeko buso okanye iyonke. Ubungakanani yokukhubazeka kunye, ngokufanelekileyo, imbuyekezo ngemali umiselwa igqirha khona okanye iKomishoni. Ubungakanani iintlawulo ixhomekeka nokuba isehlakalo benefits, okanye oqeshwe kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. A ukungakwazi yethutyana Umntu buso ukwenza imisebenzi yabo abaqeqeshiweyo. Kule meko, oko kubeka ipesenti weqondo zokulahleka ngezakhono zomsebenzi, nto leyo emiselwe yiBhodi zonyango. Kusenokuba-10 - 30% of kumgangatho yangaphambili ngobuchule, xa umsebenzi kufuna ezinye iimeko zokusebenza, okanye imveliso umthamo ezincinane. Inqanaba 40 - 60% ichazwa njengokuba umntu aqhubeke umsebenzi wakhe kuphela umthwalo womsebenzi yancitshiswa kakhulu okanye ukunciphisa izinga wemfundo. Xa umqeshwa enze umsebenzi kuphela inguqu epheleleyo iimeko, kungekhona ngokupheleleyo, iimviwo bokukhubazeka limisela inqanaba ukukhubazeka 70 - 90%.

Intlawulo eyenziwe e wénza

Ukuba umqeshwa unesifo eqhelekileyo, kwaye yobungcali, yena waphuma zekhefu lokugula ixesha lonke unyango.

intlawulo yokugula yenziwe ngokungqinelana nemithetho yabasebenzi.

Xa okwethutyana Umqeshi bobulwelwe karhulumente ihlawula okanye ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo umqeshwa ezilahlekileyo ingeniso ngenxa yokugula.

• Ngoko ke, ukuba namava umsebenzi neminyaka engaphantsi kwe-5, oko ufumana 60% omvuzo.
• Ekubeni ubude seminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwi-8 - 80%.
• Xa amava umqeshwa - eyi-10 nangaphezulu, imbuyekezo iya kuthetha ukuya kwi-100% yomvuzo avareji.

uluhlu Special

Phantsi komthetho, abantu abakhubazekileyo kwenxenye bazisa kuluhlu ekhethekileyo, ukuba zingahlawulwa ngomlinganiselo we-100%, kungakhathaliseki ubude yomsebenzi wabo. Ezi ziquka:

• amagqala emfazwe kunye nxaxheba lwemisebenzi yokulwa;
• abasebenzi phezu okuqulathwe yiyo 3 okanye umntwana oselula ngaphezulu;
• abafazi okanye amadoda empi (oku akusebenzi conscripts);
• abafazi banikwa ikhefu lokubeleka;
• zangaphambili iinkedama nabantwana evinjwa ukulondolozwa ngabazali.

ukukhubazeka Partial kuthetha ukungabikho esikolweni ithutyana emsebenzini ngenxa yokugula jikelele.

abakhubazekileyo Bebonke

Ukuba umqeshwa ichazwe ngokucacileyo ukuphazamiseka kumzimba, ezinxulumene ngqo kwimisebenzi yakhe njengomntu oqeqeshiweyo, kwaye ayikwazi ukuqhubeka phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko, ukuba imiswe-100% yokukhubazeka.

Xa umntu onjalo onzakele emsebenzini okanye uba ogula ngenxa imisebenzi yakhe njengomntu oqeqeshiweyo, yena unelungelo lokufumana imbuyekezo ngemali. Ziqu of kukhubazeka umsebenzi uthe kumiselwa ngokungqinelana isiganeko inshorensi okanye uthumo olukhethekileyo.

Kuba ukukhubazeka epheleleyo kuquka ukwenzakala kuphela kunye nokwenzakala ngenxa yengozi, kodwa izifo emsebenzini, ezo musa ukuvumela umqeshwa ukuba azibandakanye kwixesha elizayo ishishini labo.

izifo emsebenzini

Izifo loo mntu ufumene ngokunxulumene nemisebenzi yabo kwezomsebenzi wobungcali, yahlulwe iintlobo ezimbini:

• I yangaphambili kufuneka zijikwe buso okanye epheleleyo. Bathi ziyanyangeka, kunye nokukhubazeka emsebenzini eso kakhulu unxulunyaniswa iimpawu komzimba okanye kwisigaba sokuqala bronchitis kunye ukunxila. Maxa wambi kwanele ukutshintsha iimeko zomsebenzi kufumana unyango angachacha ngokupheleleyo. Kuba iqela lokuqala labantu, kukho amaziko zothintelo zonyango, apho banakho ukufumana uncedo lobungcali.

• Iqela lesibini ayikwazi ulibale epheleleyo. Ezi ziquka izifo emsebenzini ezifana pneumoconiosis, ilahleko ukuva, ukunxila kakhulu. ikhomishini Medical imisela ngesidanga umonakalo umzimba womntu kwaye wenze isigqibo malunga nokusekwa kwe yokukhubazeka. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi zifo, "ayegqunyelelwe" yi-isifo ngokuphuhlisa kwisiqalo ukwenza izinto ezingapheliyo. Ngaloo iqela yobulwelwe zinokwahluka.

Iqela lesibini abasebenzi kufuneka banikwe ulwalathiso unyango eklinikhi ezizodwa.

Ukwenza ukukhubazeka

Umba ukufanisa lokukhubazeka kuqwalaselwa kuphela xa kuqhutywa uviwo ezele nokukhubazeka komsebenzi. Izibakala ingenwe izifo zivavanywa ngokunxulumene nemisebenzi yabo kwezomsebenzi wobungcali, okanye emsebenzini. Ikomiti Ingcali yabasebenzi Medical kuqwalaselwa ukukhubazeka ngokusekelwe ngokoluvo uthumo zonyango kunye uluhlu lwangoku izifo emsebenzini. Ngokutsho izikhokelo ezikhoyo, nto leyo evavanya isiqinisekiso kwabasebenzi amandla ukusebenza, wavakalisa njengepesenti iya kuzinza yi kangangoko yokulahlekelwa yayo.

Iqela lokuqala nolwesibini ukukhubazeka entweni kwimeko kunxilwe okanye ukwenzakala ngexesha ingozi. Kwakhona kule kweliqumrhu banakho ukufumana abasebenzi abaye zizifo professional ocande phase vuhlayiseki okanye zimpi.

Xa kunjalo, ukuba umntu, kunye imveliso kunye nezinye izifo, kodwa ziya zisiba mbi ngenxa yokuba ifuthe kubo "esebenza" isifo kwakhona yeyela kudidi ngobuchule yaye ingqalelo imibandela semthethweni.

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngokuchanileyo iqondo ukukhubazeka abasebenzi, ingcali kufuneka ube yincutshe ofanelekayo kakhulu.

impilo tyala

Ngokuhambelana kunye umonakalo emzimbeni okanye engqondweni, nto leyo umqeshwa ngethuba umsebenzi wakhe, waza wamiselwa imbuyekezo yemali mali ebekwe yimithetho yabasebenzi.

Okwangoku ke wavuma ukuba abasebenzi ziye zagqiba isivumelwano inshorensi yobomi xa kuthe yokukhubazeka. Ukuba umqeshwa ngokungaphelelanga engafanelekanga, wabayala umvuzo, imbuyekezo amayeza kunye nokugcinwa esibhedlele, ngaxesha lithile, intlawulo mali ye-Inshorensi i-Social.

Ukuba isiqinisekiso ethile lusekiwe ukukhubazeka ngenxa yokwenzakala kakhulu, umsebenzi kuya kuhlawulwa isibonelelo ngenyanga, ngaphandle inkathalo efanelekileyo unyango kunye nethuba lokuba kwakhona kweso sibhedlele.

Iinzuzo ngenxa yokukhubazeka

Xa kunjalo, ukuba umqeshwa likhubazeke ngesifo emsebenzini, okanye ngokunxulumene ukwenzakala mveliso yaye baphulukana nako ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo, ukuba utshintshela umsebenzi ukukhanya okanye usuku mfutshane nembuyiselo kwemivuzo. Oku sisingisele namaqela 1 no-2 nokukhubazeka.

Iqela lesithathu bhaso ukukhubazeka ngokupheleleyo, umqeshwa kuphinda ukwenza imisebenzi yabo, okanye zokubaqeqesha ngendlela yokugula okanye yokwenzakala mveliso.

Le nguqulelo iqela ukuya kwenye ukukhubazeka ayenza ngokusekelwe axilongwe.

Isigqibo malunga imali kweentlawulo ngenxa yokugula, imbuyekezo amayeza kunye nonyango esibhedlele uthatha Insurance Fund Social, ngokususela kwidatha esibonelela ungumgocagoci zonyango. Ngokutsho phando ligqibe ngobungakanani bomonakalo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye yokuziphatha kwixhoba engekho ityala unikwe imali yembuyekezo, kwakunye izisombululo kunokwenzeka ukuba kwimo nomonde. Oku kusebenza imiqathango enjalo njengoko inkcazo le owonzakeleyo ukuya kwikliniki eyodwa, iimvume ubhaliso ophetheyo kweso sibhedlele, uthethwano ngengqondo.

Intlawulo enkundleni

Ukuba umqeshwa lifumene ukukhubazeka ngokunxulumene nemisebenzi yabo imveliso, yena ubuyiselwe imali bempilo kunye imbuyekezo yomonakalo yokuziphatha.

Umbuzo sembuyekezo mali kugqitywa ngokwe kwisigqibo, enika elingumvi zonyango. Lowo ukhangela ukuba ixhoba nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngokunxulumene siganeko kunye nokuvavanya umonakalo yokuziphatha. Kwakhona, kunokuba isicelo kwisithuba apho umqeshwa engavumelani kwiqela yokukhubazeka, awathi wawongwa VTEK.

Kulo mzekelo, umqeshwa ubefuna inkampani kumqeshi okanye yeinshorensi. Phumelela kungaba kuphela ukulungiselela izigqibo leengcali non-lokuthobela eyabelwe iqela sokukhubazeka okanye Isixa sembuyekezo ukuya engqondweni nasemzimbeni karhulumente apho woniweyo.

Ukuphononongwa kwakhona umsebenzi, ukuba ukungasebenzi

Kukho amaxesha kwakhona Ukuphononongwa zempilo lwabasebenzi, ogula. Oku kwenziwa ngenxa yokuba esi sifo inkqubela, kwaye ukuvuthuluka impilo emzimbeni ixhoba kufuna nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo ukukhubazeka okanye imbuyekezo.

Re-iimviwo lwenzeka emva kweenyanga ezi-6, konyaka okanye emibini emva kokuba uxilongo lokuqala. Le nqubo kanye ngonyaka. Ayingeni kwabo baqeshwa ukwenzakala zabo sifo ithathwa njengokuba ayibuyiseki umva okanye kabani musa ukuvumela ukuba uqhubeke usebenza. Abantu abanjalo banikwe iintlawulo abakhubazekileyo pension ubomi.

Ungaya phambi kwakhona iimviwo-, ukuba imeko yesigulane Sikwimeko kabukhali, nto leyo ke isiqinisekiso wale khomishini zonyango. Kulo mzekelo, ubuchule ukuhlolwa bureau zonyango nezentlalo yaye enze isigqibo esekelwe kwiziphumo ezintsha.

Kwakhona, umqeshwa unelungelo lokwenza isicelo ekuqaleni khangela imeko yayo. Ukongeza kwakhona Ukuphononongwa umqeshwa isicelo kwinkampani ye-inshorensi okanye umqeshi, ukuba ukungangqinelani kwafunyanwa maxwebhu, okanye womgunyathi.