Kubola - yintoni na le nto? Ntoni na ke?

Kutheni usebenzise magciwane? Le yenye ngaloo mibuzo efuna ekhethekileyo, indlela ngenyameko. Into yokuba zininzi iintlobo ebulala. Bonke kufuneka isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona, hi idosi engqongqo. Eli nqaku osondeza iintlobo eziphambili ebulala izicelo zabo. Siqala inkcazelo.

Yintoni ukubola?

Oku kuthetha ukuba utshabalalisa iintsholongwane kunye nokunqanda ukubola yokubola. imvelaphi yesiGrike yegama. Eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "άντί" lithetha "nxamnye" yaye "σηπτικός" kuthetha ukuba 'elinukayo "okanye" gnoisty ".

Ezinye ebulala abantu esiluhlaza kwaye ezinako eziphilayo yokonakalisa, abanye - bacteriostatic kwaye ukuthintela kuphela okanye zinqanda ukukhula kwabo.

Kubola - ichiza ogama ukusebenza sele lixoxiwe. Microbicides, banayo zinako ukuba atshabalalise amasuntswana intsholongwane, ebizwa ngokuba "iziyobisi antiviral."

ukusebenza

Ukuze zikhule iintsholongwane, bazifunayo entle medium lwezondlo (ubushushu, ioksijini, ukufuma). Wonke umfazi ebomini bakhe abajongene nale meko lokulondolozwa ukutya. Omnye umzekelo umkhuba mandulo yabaqholiweyo abafileyo. Kutheni emva kweenkulungwane ezininzi kangaka, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa mummies kakuhle ugcinwe? Impendulo elula sele ebulala.

Phambi kokuba ngcamango kwabunjwa malunga iintsholongwane, igxininisa yokuthintela ukubola. Ekuqaleni, inani le arhente ebikunqwenela wayezimisele, njengoko besithi, "yi iliso". Le ndlela olungachanekanga, kodwa amava, njengokuba sisazi, uza ixesha practice. Namhlanje ebulala kuvavanywa ngokwendlela chaphazela iinkcubeko amsulwa uhlobo oluthile iintsholongwane okanye ibihlungu neefom kwezityalo. Kuba bethelekisa inyathelo amandla kuthathwe lisetyenziswa umxube phenol eqhelekileyo (zolwelo).

Ngoko ke, kubola - oko kubola zezifo iziyobisi. Ngoku siya ukuqonda apho kwiindawo kuyo amaninzi kusetyenziswa.

Kubola imithi

Kule ndawo kweentsholongwane kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo. Phambi kokuvela ebulala umgangatho mihla ngokubanzi "ukucoca ngoomatshini" kukuba ukuze kucaciswe ilitye le ubovu. Yi Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XVIII. Lister wafunda "intsholongwane ingcamango ukubola", ebhaliweyo Lui Pasterom. Ngenxa yeempembelelo ingcamango, kungekudala lapapasha iphepha Utyhila imigaqo zotyando kubola.

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yahlawulwa carbolic acid. Yaba indlela entsha ukunyanga amathumba kunye waphuka ezivulekileyo. kubume bayo bandaging kunye nesisombululo kule acid. Lister waba nguyise kubola, inceda ukuba ulwe usulelo ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu koko, isisombululo ezintlanu ekhulwini yaye enyanzeliswa phezu inxeba, kunye pesenti ezimbini baphathwa sutures kunye zokubopha, nezandla zotyando intsimi.

Listerovskogo kubola waba nabaxhasi nje kuphela kodwa iqela bangi. Kwakunxibelelene etyabulayo kakhulu kunye neziphumo yityhefu kwi zomzimba zombini yesigulane, nasezandleni ye ngugqirha. Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi kule ndawo kwaqhubeka ngokuzimisela. A kwekhulu ikota-kamva, ubuchule aseptic uyaziwa. iziphumo lokuvula yaba encomekayo. Kangangokuba kwakukho izindululo ukuba bashiye ebulala. Noko ke, oku kuye kwaba nzima. Umsebenzi waqhubeka.

Kungekudala, ezitsha Kucetyiswa ebulala, ngaphantsi yityhefu umzimba. Izinto steel efanayo imveliso izixhobo zotyando kunye nezinto yesigulana ezingqongileyo. Ngaloo asepsis kunye antisepsis edibene yengqingqwa.

iintlobo ebulala

Mechanical. Ivumela ukucocwa amagciwane inxeba kunye izihlunu nonviable (ukuhlamba ubovu kwisisu Ukusikwa (unyango) inxeba ezantsi kunye nokuphela kwegqabi zayo).

Physical (bandaging, ukusetyenziswa omiswe of emigutyeni, laser, yelanga eyingozi).

Chemical. Kubalulekile kakhulu nje kuphela unyango losulelo nxeba, kodwa kuthintelo zabo. nempembelelo embi kubume Cya.

Eziphilayo. Oku kusekelwe ukusetyenziswa qela kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo yaye elikhulu iziyobisi abasebenza iseli ngeentsholongwane ngokwalo nobumdaka yawo, ngako oko kuqiniswe imikhosi ibakhusela umzimba uphela (bacteriophages, imithi, antitoxins (kaninzi ke lo serum), enzayim proteolytic).

Mixed. Eqhelekileyo kakhulu, ibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi ngexesha elinye (umz, kukho iindawo preprocessing inxeba (ngoomatshini), kunye nokuqaliswa kwe ngqi toxoid (zebhayoloji)).

Inani ebulala namhlanje omkhulu. Kodwa ukusebenzisa kwabo phantse lonke entsonkothileyo. Ngamanye amazwi, le ngxelo "ilondoloza - an olwa nawo," kuba, enyanisweni, echanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle "inkxaso eyongezelelweyo" kwi hlobo loncedo ngenxeba kunye kweentsholongwane yezakhiwo amayeza yanamhlanje ayikwazi ukukwenza.

Ngoku jonga ebulala zonyango ixhaphakileyo.

alkoholi

Ethanol, isopropyl, propyl. Uyondelelwano lwee- ukusuka kuma-60% ukuya 90%. Basebenzisa kokubini ngendlela esulungekileyo kunye imigqakhwe. Vumela ukuba zibulale ulusu phambi isitofu notyando. Ezi alkoholi amathuba amaninzi zidityaniswa ayodini tincture okanye arhente indawo-esebenzayo cationic (chlorhexidine gluconate, benzalkonium chloride, octenidine dihydrochloride).

zithako Ammonium

Elinye igama eliqhelekileyo - HOUR. Ukuba ibe inani iikhemikhali (benzalkonium chloride (BAC), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (STMV), benzethonium chloride (BZT), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC okanye Cetrim)). Benzalkonium chloride idityaniswe kwezinye izibulali. Kufuneka ukunyanga ulusu phambi uqhaqho. Isetyenziswa ukuba ityalwa iitawuli kubola. inyathelo elwa inactivated surfactants QAC izinto anionic (umz, isepha).

boric acid

Kuqhuba kwi suppository ukuba unyango lwezifo lobufazi ezinzwaneni. Boric acid luyatshatshela computer nokulwa herpes. Kuqhuba ngo cream kane kunye nezisombululo ze lenses.

Hlorgeskidina gluconate

Le livela biguanide. yoxinaniso okunikezelwe - ukusuka 0.5% ukuya kwi-4%. Ingasetyenziswa zombini yodwa xa zidityaniswe ne-alkoholi. Kusetyenziswa magciwane ngenxa yolusu. Oku isetyenziswa kunyango gingivitis.

green brilliant

Elidume obizwa ngokuba "ipeyinti green". A iziyobisi eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Esetyenziselwa unyango imivumbo, amathumba ezincinane. kungaba yingozi iintsholongwane gram-HIV.

hydrogen peroxide

Oku kubola esetyenziselwa deodorization kunye amanxeba ukucoca kunye nezilonda. Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, amaxesha amaninzi ithathwa kunye nomkrwelo, intambo yosana. Ekhoyo 6% kunye% izisombululo-3.

iodine

Amaninzi asetyenziswa ezinxilisayo izisombululo, isisombululo "Lugol". Phambi nasemva-operative kubola. Iintsholongwane amanxeba ezincinane kubo ayikhuthazwa kuba kukhuthaza loloyiko. The main eziluncedo - umsebenzi eliphezulu elwa. Nangokuvela elide ukuya ezingundoqo ibulala magciwane, kuquka iindlela ezintsonkothileyo imbewu ezincinane.

Lithetha "Miramistin"

Esi isizukulwana esitsha iziyobisi. Medicament "Miramistin" - yinto kubola, esetyenziswa kwi unyango (okanye kuthintelo), usulelo fungal, indalo wentsholongwane amagciwane. imveliso Russian. Kuba unyango lwezifo ezininzi ezosulelayo (umkhuhlane) badla ingcebiso lo kubola. Izimvo zawo becala ezihle kakhulu. Ichiza iyasebenza ngokuchasene uluhlu olubanzi amagciwane okubangela nokudumba suppuration imivumbo, umqala obuhlungu, izifo fungal, chlamydia, herpes kunye nabanye. Arhente Active "Miramistin" ukusuka kwisiza ingqalelo lwe gciwane ixhomekeke.

SDA

Igama yesibini - kubola, ivuselela. Kuye wavakalisa iipropati elwa umdla. Kuyanceda ukuphucula ithowuni xa iyonke, kunciphisa letyhefu. Active nxamnye staphylococcus, tubercle eletha kunye nabanye. Kuye livumba kunokuba mnandi ezinevumba, ngenxa yokuba kaninzi ngaphezu esetyenziselwa iinjongo zonyango lwezilwanyana.

phenol

Xa isisombululo esetyenziselwa ngokuphatha isandla ugqirha ngokukhawuleza phambi uqhaqho. Kucetyiswa ukuba ngamanzi lweHo- umqala. phenol umgubo walitshiza inkaba ngexesha impiliso. It has zombili ukusebenza kubola kunye iintlungu.

Ebulala yimithi

Ezidinga kushishino kokutya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le ebulala, kwisigcinakaliso, kwakudla acid (umz, acetic acid, eyaziwa bonke). Kuyinto ngenxa ukuba kukho ithuba lokuba ixesha elide ukugcina ukutya eyakhiwe. okusebenzayo kakhulu ebulala ekwakheni. Bona elongeze isininzi ipeyinti. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba Nokwethisa i microflora saprophytic. Wood uyakulondoloza - sisixhobo esinamandla nxamnye emsi, ukungunda, rot nomlilo. Ukongeza, kwenyusa lokugcinwa somthi esandul uthe wagawulwa.

Ngokukodwa kwimfuno ebulala Injengokubengezela. Yintoni na? Ngoko ukubiza ichiza, uvumela ukuba kulondolozwe yokwakheka iinkuni kwaye ngaxeshanye ligxininisa ubuhle bayo. kubola bukhanye kunciphisa iziphumo zomonakalo ukufuma, yelanga eyingozi, utshintsho ubushushu, basebenze kwizinambuzane. Ebulala ezisetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla. ke zona zongezelelela iisepha, ababewenza ngayo igumbi.