Iziyobisi umkhuhlane ebanzi-kuyoyonke

Ukuphelisa iintsholongwane kunye umkhuhlane amayeza kusetyenziswa amachiza-influenza ukuba gqiba imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kunye nokwanda kwamagciwane. Xa ukhetha isixhobo, kufuneka unike phambili, ukusebenza apho ubonakala yophando lwenzululwazi.

Umkhuhlane virus: oko kukho ingozi?

Omnye wemisebenzi engundoqo kwezonyango luphuhliso kwamachiza zokulwa umkhuhlane. Sisifo esisulelayo engekho unyango ngokwaneleyo ngexesha banokubenzakalisa kakhulu iingxaki emzimbeni kunye nesizathu. Ingozi enkulu ke abantu, iinkqubo eziyekeyeke omzimba. Olusemngciphekweni abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Ixesha sifo inokuphuhlisa meningitis, nangokurhala, okanye nokudumba yemiphunga, iphika, inyumoniya. Abo abaphethwe ezimbi ezinganyangekiyo, uhlaselwa influenza ntsholongwane kwi ndawo lingenamandla, nezifo mandundu, nto leyo inokukhokelela ekufeni.

• Le ntsholongwane ifumaneka rhoqo mutating, neentlobo ezintsha, kwaye umzimba womntu kunzima ukumelana ezingaziwayo "utshaba." Okuthiwa ( "umkhuhlane iSpanish", kwelaseAsiya, Hong Kong, iintlobo kweeHagu) ibango ubomi babantu abaninzi, yaye ngoko ke unyango zomkhuhlane ziyaphucuka rhoqo, ukuphumeza inyathelo kakhulu.

agents umkhuhlane: indlela amanyathelo

Xa unyango lomkhuhlane kubalulekile hayi kuphela ukususa iimpawu iimpawu sifo, kodwa ukuphelisa le ntsholongwane emzimbeni. Umkhuhlane amalungiselelo ezijoliswe kwezithandani ka pathogen, nokukhuseleka kwii-iiseli ukusasazeka ngakumbi le ntsholongwane. Kukho iziyobisi ezifanelekileyo yonyango yomkhuhlane, kwakunye nabo asetyenziswa kuphela zokuthintela.

Indlela yokusebenza ukwahlukanisa iindlela:

• Xi inkqubo uqhagamshelwano (amagama) protein yokuqala;
• anqanda DNA amagama kunye RNA Uhlobo nucleic acid;
• "Ibandla" ngxelo imbi weeproteni nucleic acid (virion Ukwakheka);
• ukwandisa isakhono iiseli kuxhathiso ntsholongwane.

ngezigaba

Iziyobisi kunye bokuba ayasebenza nxamnye iintsholongwane bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini: blocker ka-M2-amajelo (eboniswe unyango of influenza A) enzyme inhibitors emvulophini virus - neuraminidase (benze uhlobo influenza A no-B). Kukwakho iqela interferon - yoluntu zokwenziwa.

Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo sifo arhente antiviral zihlelwe ukuya kwezi ndidi zilandelayo:

1. amachiza Influenza ( "Amantadine" "Arbidol" "Rimantadine," "Tamiflu").
2. amachiza Antiherpethetical ( "Valacyclovir," "gerpevir").
3. imali Protivotsitomegalovirusnye ( "Foscarnet", "Ganciclovir").
4. Amachiza asetyenziswa immunodeficiency virus kunye geppatite C ( "Fosfonoformat", "AZT").
5. Antiviral (umkhuhlane) iziyobisi ebanzi-spectrum ( "Interferon," "Amiksin").

Interferon - iziyobisi kunye emininzi ebanzi amanyathelo

Interferon yi iproteni (protein) yohlobo cytokine, nto leyo yenziweyo amajoni wadibana magciwane "umbhalo". Kukho ezintathu iintlobo ezaziwayo interferon alpha (α), beta (β) kunye gamma (γ). Ngamnye kubo iipropati ezithile kwaye uchaphazela isifo esithile. Umkhuhlane iziyobisi ebanzi-spectrum ngempumelelo ukulwa izifo ezosulelayo kodwa virus kuphela. Umi ukuba interferon yoluntu zokwenziwa zenza umqobo akhuselayo ukusasazeka kwezifo kwaye wenze iiseli nezifo (ingakumbi macrophage) isebenze.

imixube Interferon banokuba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: isitofu (efakwa kunye intramuscular), namafutha ukusetyenziswa yangaphandle, tsakisi, iipilisi, suppositories. interferon Natural kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngenxa yokuba umntu iiprothini ekwakhiweni enye, ngoko ke amachiza zithandwa ngakumbi zokwenziwa anti-Umkhuhlane kwisizukulwana esitsha. Khetha isixhobo ekunene, ungasebenzisa ugqirha.

Yintoni arhente antiviral efanelekileyo abantwana?

omzimba womntwana kukuba mngcipheko mkhulu wokosuleleka yintsholongwane, ngenxa yokuba, ngokungafaniyo abadala, inkqubo yabo omzimba kodwa ngokwaneleyo kuvuthwa ukunika ekwalile yafaneleka ngamagciwane. Isifo ngokukhawuleza uleyisayo indoda encinane, kwaye akwazi ukunika ezinobuzaza xa amalungu iphecana eliphezulu zemiphunga. kukho iziyobisi anti-influenza for abantwana abavumelekileyo ukuba basebenzise ekuzalweni phakathi yesilungu. Oku kunokuba ngamayeza ( "Viburkol") kunye indlela evela kwiqela interferon. Phakathi intlonipho yakutshanje ekhethekileyo evela kubazali babo ikhandlela: "Viferon", "Anaferon", "Kipferon". Oku amachiza anti-influenza, leyo review emihle.

agents Umkhuhlane imvelaphi eyenziweyo - "Tamiflu", "Arbidol", "rimantadine" - ziyasebenza ukuba ndiyanikezela kwiiyure zokuqala mpawu sifo kuphela. Nokuba ichiza ukunika ixesha, kusenjalo yoncedo kungenzeki. Oku kungenxa ekukwazini into esebenzayo: umkhuhlane A akunakwenzeka ukuba ukunyanga indlela ukuchwetheza B. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ayeke ukuthenga amayeza kwikhemesti ezidliwayo, abangancedekanga kudlule ulingo lwezonyango, "Panavir", "TSikloferon" kunye nabanye.

Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokufika udokotela wabantwana Kulungile ukuba anike umntwana ukuba usele, iimpawu kunye antivirals (anti-influenza, antiherpethetical). Kufuneka ube kuphela njengendlela ngempumelelo eqinisekisiwe, kunye nemfuno kunikelwe ngqo ngokwemiyalelo.

iziyobisi umkhuhlane kunye nokukhulelwa

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa inkqubo omzimba kwabasetyhini buthathaka kwaye ngokulula "yokupasa" kwamagciwane. Uninzi iziyobisi abavumelekanga ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule ezintathu yokuqala, ukuze kakubi kosana olungekazalwa, kodwa uthwele umngcipheko wosana unomkhuhlane kunye nonina okhulelwe. amachiza anti-influenza Uvunyelwe ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye ngexesha lokuncancisa, "Viferon", "Tamiflu", "Oscillococcinum". Phambi unyango, kubalulekile ukuba adibane ugqirha, ngubani na ukhulelwe kwaye uyazi ukuba iimpawu umzimba unina elizayo.

Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokuzikhusela kusulelo lohlobo luthintelo. Ngoko ke, umama okhulelweyo kufuneka uthathe unonophelo impilo yabo yaye kuphuculwe nezifo. Ngexesha nokuqhambuka kwezifo ezosulelayo kufuneka ukuthintela utyelelo kwiindawo zoluntu yaye oku akuyi kuba ukudibana kunye nomntu owosulelekileyo. Ukunciphisa ubungozi sifo, ungasebenzisa izixhobo ngokusekelwe interferon, nto leyo eya khetha ugqirha okunyangayo.

Ukudala isizukulwana esitsha lwamachiza

Iinzululwazi sihlala ukhangela zokugonya ezitsha asindisa ubomi kunye iziyobisi ukulwa intsholongwane yomkhuhlane mutated. Ngelishwa, asiyiyo yonke amachiza-umkhuhlane isizukulwana esitsha, obehamba athotyiweyo, ixesha iphumele uphando ukusebenza. Kukho umngcipheko omkhulu yeziphumo enetyhefu xa iiseli zomzimba kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Amalungiselelo unyango imikhuhlane umkhuhlane kunye nokusebenza ngokwezonyango nezingqinekayo ingasetyenziswa ngaphandle koloyiko. iziphumo ezincumisayo kwizifundo mali "Ingavirin", "Derinat", "Tamiflu", "Amiksin", "Kagocel", "Relenza".

Indlela ukukhetha indlela protivogrippoznoe?

Popular iindlela uzipapashe asilulo lonke uncedo ukuphelisa esi sifo kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa. Ibuyambo kuqala kuxhomekeke kwi imeko kumajoni omzimba womntu, yaye ukuba kukho luya isithuba, umphumo ezintle unyango ngamachiza kuya kufuneka ulinde ixesha elide. Kwakhona kubalulekile ngokukhawuleza baqala ngayo ukuthatha amachiza-influenza. Uluhlu iziyobisi esiconywayo ngokwaneleyo elikhulu, kodwa esebenzayo abo ukuba senze kuphela kwiiseli abosulelekileyo kunye akubangeli izibhaxu ezinobungozi wonke umzimba.

iishelfu ekhemisi zizele iziyobisi ezahlukeneyo antiviral, kodwa ukhetho kufuneka wasondela ngabom, emva kokubonisana gqirha khona. Ngokuzimeleyo ukumisela efanelekileyo kuqulunqo ipeyinti unyango irejimeni nzima. Kunjalo kuyimfuneko ukuba zibe Izimo-akhawunti kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunokwenzeka, zona iqela neuraminidase inhibitors.

"Viferon": isishwankathelo

"Viferon" libhekisela interferons zokwenziwa (α-2b) kwaye sisincoko kweevithamini C, E. Esi sakhiwo spectrum ezibanzi amanyathelo, luncedo unyango njengomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kunye nosulelo ezahlukeneyo ezimbi yamanina. Lidla "Viferon" emiselweyo njenge nokuthintela kunye nezifo nokuqinisa. Iveliswa ngohlobo amafutha, gel kunye suppositories.

Kuxhomekeka ubudala ugqirha ikhetha xi zinqwenelekayo ichiza. Ngaphezulu umthamo ekucetyiswa akuvumelekanga! Kuthethwa ekhuselekileyo kakhulu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabongi. Iziyobisi umkhuhlane ezingabantwana emiselweyo abantwana ngaphandle kokuba kukho izikhokelo ezivela ezithile. Amakhandlela kunye mali incinci esisebenza (150,000 IU) iye isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ukuze ukunyanga abantwana thoracic. Abantwana abadala kunye nabafikisayo "Viferon" xi linokuba ngaphezulu.

wahlolwa Ichiza kwaye phantse akukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, i uxabane ekungeyomfuneko unyango.

"Ingavirin"

Isizukulwana esitsha lwamachiza anti-influenza ziyahlaziywa kanye kuphuhliso izazinzulu ebizwa ngokuba "Ingavirin". inyathelo Antiviral kunye anti-ukudumba efikelela ngayo iintsholongwane umkhuhlane ukubhala A, B, izifo nokuphefumla, parainfluenza. Enye philisi medicament iqulethe 90 mg isithako vitaglutama esebenzayo. Isiphumo immunostimulatory ikhuthaza imveliso interferon.

Uhlolisiso lubonisa zinetyhefu esezantsi beziyobisi kunye nonyango entle umkhuhlane sele ngosuku emva kokuqalisa "Ingavirin". ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwi emilise kwamaqhakuvana uyalisa kwenzeka oko kungeyonto ayenza rhoqo. Nangona iziphumo ezilungileyo yemifuniselo, isixhobo masingaze sisetyenziselwe ukuba amabhinqa kurhulumente, zisanyisa kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18.

"Amiksin"

inducer Synthetic kweentlobo interferon amayeza azipilisi "Amiksin" ( "tilorona") iye yaba kuphela icala oluhle. iipropati Antiviral isicelo iingqele, umkhuhlane, hepatitis (B, C, A), cytomegalovirus kunye nosuleleko herpes.

Interferon inducer Kucetyiswa ukuba ibe umbala ngexesha nezifo. Ikhosi ye unyango kunye idosi umiselwa ngugqirha khona. Izimo: izakhi isici, kwiminyaka engama-7, ukukhulelwa kunye nokuncancisa.

"Lipoferon"

Ukubonakala ngecala ezishelifini kwikhemesti amachiza amatsha anti-influenza ukuba ngokubanzi ukunyamezeleka kakuhle abantwana kunye nabantu abadala ngezizukulwana. "Lipoferon" kusho liposomirovannym ngokusekelwe iqela α amayeza interferon (alpha), nto leyo iqanjwa iivithamini antioxidant E kunye C. Inzuzo interferon ingavalelwa liposomes, nguye ulondolozo umsebenzi yebhayoloji ngexesha ukunxibelelana kunye negazi. Ngaba uphando ngempumelelo kunye lwezonyango ichiza ezingqina ukusebenza kunye nokungabikho yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Njengabo amachiza amaninzi anti-influenza, "Lipoferon" evela kwi uhlobo ngumgubo kunye zoqhaphelo ezahlukeneyo interferon. Xa wezifo uvumele ukusetyenziswa kwemali, ukuba umntwana iminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Ngexa lokukhulelwa, lokwaphusa kwaye ukunyamezelana komzimba ziyinxalenye yezixhobo ukuyenza vala.

Na ukuba ndiyiphathe arhente anti-influenza?

Imibono oogqirha bohlulwa ngemfuneko abele izigulane (umkhuhlane) amachiza antiviral. Kukho ngabaza ukuba impumelelo yabo kunye nabantu abaye ezi mali ngokwabo. Immunologists, oogqirha babantwana, iitheraphisti bacebisa ukuba self-medicate kwaye uthathe iziyobisi emiselwe ngugqirha influenza kuphela. Uluhlu thaca ekuthengisweni simahla kwamachiza yale hlobo inkulu ngokwenene, kodwa inkoliso kukhethwa nangoku kunikwa inducers interferon kunye neziphumo ubuncinane ngapha Izimo.

Ukuze ube unyango ngamachiza kakhulu olusebenzayo kunye nokuthintela kufuneka ukuba baphile ubomi obusempilweni kwaye sukulibala malunga izizukulwana zokupheka engqiniweyo amayeza emveli ukomeleza amajoni omzimba abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.